huge changes to everything (see below).

Changelog: - re-enable use in release build. - remove ftpsrv and untitled from builtin ghdl options, as both packages are available in the appstore. - add image viewer (png, jpg, bmp) - add music player (bfstm, bfwav, mp3, wav, ogg) - add idv3 tag parsing support for mp3. - add "decyption" of GTA Vice City mp3. - add usbdvd support for music playback and file browsing. - add nsz export support (solid, block, ldm). - add xcz export support (same as above). - add nro fs proper mount support (romfs, nacp, icon). - add program nca fs support. - add bfsar fs support. - re-write the usb protocol, still wip. replaces tinfoil protocol. - all threads are now create with pre-emptive support with the proper affinity mask set. - fix oob crash in libpulsar when a bfwav was opened that had more than 2 channels. - bump yyjson version. - bump usbhsfs version. - disable nvjpg. - add support for theme music of any supported playback type (bfstm, bfwav, mp3, wav, ogg). - add support for setting background music. - add async exit to blocking threads (download, nxlink, ftpsrv) to reduce exit time. - add support for dumping to pc via usb. - add null, deflate, zstd hash options, mainly used for benchmarking. - add sidebar slider (currently unused). - file_viwer can now be used with any filesystem. - filebrowser will only ever stat file once. previously it would keep stat'ing until it succeeded. - disabled themezer due to the api breaking and i am not willing to keep maintaining it. - disable zlt handling in usbds as it's not needed for my api's because the size is always known. - remove usbds enums and GetSpeed() as i pr'd it to libnx. - added support for mounting nca's from any source, including files, memory, nsps, xcis etc. - split the lru cache into it's own header as it's now used in multiple places (nsz, all mounted options). - add support for fetching and decrypting es personalised tickets. - fix es common ticket converting where i forgot to also convert the cert chain as well. - remove the download default music option. - improve performance of libpulsar when opening a bfsar by remove the large setvbuf option. instead, use the default 1k buffer and handle large buffers manually in sphaira by using a lru cache (todo: just write my own bfsar parser). - during app init and exit, load times have been halved as i now load/exit async. timestamps have also been added to measure how long everything takes. - download now async loads / exits the etag json file to improve init times. - add custom zip io to dumper to support writing a zip to any dest (such as usb). - dumper now returns a proper error if the transfer was cancelled by the user. - fatfs mount now sets the timestamp for files. - fatfs mount handles folders with the archive bit by reporting them as a file. - ftpsrv config is async loaded to speed up load times. - nxlink now tries attempt to connect/accept by handling blocking rather than just bailing out. - added support for minini floats. - thread_file_transfer now spawns 3 threads rather than 2, to have the middle thread be a optional processor (mainly used for compressing/decompressing). - added spinner to progress box, taken from nvg demo. - progress box disables sleep mode on init. - add gamecard detection to game menu to detect a refresh. - handle xci that have the key area prepended. - change gamecard mount fs to use the xci mount code instead of native fs, that way we can see all the partitions rather than just secure. - reformat the ghdl entries to show the timestamp first. - support for exporting saves to pc via usb. - zip fs now uses lru cache.
2025-08-28 23:12:34 +01:00
parent cd6fed6aae
commit f0bdc01156
127 changed files with 14623 additions and 13020 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -25,3 +25,5 @@ compile_commands.json
 out

 usb_test/
+__pycache__
+usb_*.spec
--- a/CMakePresets.json
+++ b/CMakePresets.json
@@ -18,17 +18,6 @@
            "inherits":["core"],
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "MinSizeRel",
-                "ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL": false,
-                "LTO": true
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "ReleaseWithInstall",
-            "displayName": "ReleaseWithInstall",
-            "inherits":["core"],
-            "cacheVariables": {
-                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "MinSizeRel",
-                "ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL": true,
                "LTO": true
            }
        },
@@ -38,8 +27,8 @@
            "inherits":["core"],
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "MinSizeRel",
-                "ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL": true,
-                "LTO": false
+                "LTO": false,
+                "DEV_BUILD": true
            }
        }
    ],
@@ -49,11 +38,6 @@
            "configurePreset": "Release",
            "jobs": 16
        },
-        {
-            "name": "ReleaseWithInstall",
-            "configurePreset": "ReleaseWithInstall",
-            "jobs": 16
-        },
        {
            "name": "Dev",
            "configurePreset": "Dev",
--- a/assets/romfs/github/ftpsrv.json
+++ b/assets/romfs/github/ftpsrv.json
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "url": "https://github.com/ITotalJustice/ftpsrv",
-    "assets": [
-        {
-            "name": "switch"
-        }
-    ]
-}
--- a/assets/romfs/github/untitled.json
+++ b/assets/romfs/github/untitled.json
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "url": "https://github.com/ITotalJustice/untitled"
-}
--- a/sphaira/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/sphaira/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ set(sphaira_VERSION_HASH "${sphaira_VERSION} [${GIT_COMMIT}]")
 add_executable(sphaira
    source/ui/menus/appstore.cpp
    source/ui/menus/file_viewer.cpp
+    source/ui/menus/image_viewer.cpp
    source/ui/menus/filebrowser.cpp
    source/ui/menus/file_picker.cpp
    source/ui/menus/homebrew.cpp
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ add_executable(sphaira
    source/ui/widget.cpp
    source/ui/list.cpp
    source/ui/scrolling_text.cpp
+    source/ui/music_player.cpp

    source/app.cpp
    source/download.cpp
@@ -89,29 +91,39 @@ add_executable(sphaira
    source/title_info.cpp
    source/minizip_helper.cpp
    source/fatfs.cpp
+    source/usbdvd.cpp

+    source/utils/utils.cpp
+    source/utils/audio.cpp
+    source/utils/nsz_dumper.cpp
    source/utils/devoptab_common.cpp
+    source/utils/devoptab_romfs.cpp
    source/utils/devoptab_save.cpp
+    source/utils/devoptab_nro.cpp
+    source/utils/devoptab_nca.cpp
    source/utils/devoptab_nsp.cpp
    source/utils/devoptab_xci.cpp
    source/utils/devoptab_zip.cpp
+    source/utils/devoptab_bfsar.cpp

    source/usb/base.cpp
    source/usb/usbds.cpp
    source/usb/usbhs.cpp
    source/usb/usb_uploader.cpp
+    source/usb/usb_installer.cpp
+    source/usb/usb_dumper.cpp

    source/yati/yati.cpp
    source/yati/container/nsp.cpp
    source/yati/container/xci.cpp
    source/yati/source/file.cpp
-    source/yati/source/usb.cpp
    source/yati/source/stream.cpp
    source/yati/source/stream_file.cpp

    source/yati/nx/es.cpp
    source/yati/nx/keys.cpp
    source/yati/nx/nca.cpp
+    source/yati/nx/ncz.cpp
    source/yati/nx/ncm.cpp
    source/yati/nx/ns.cpp

@@ -123,7 +135,8 @@ target_compile_definitions(sphaira PRIVATE
    -DAPP_VERSION="${sphaira_VERSION}"
    -DAPP_VERSION_HASH="${sphaira_VERSION_HASH}"
    -DCURL_NO_OLDIES=1
-    -DENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL=$<BOOL:${ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL}>
+    -DDEV_BUILD=$<BOOL:${DEV_BUILD}>
+    -DZSTD_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY=1
 )

 target_compile_options(sphaira PRIVATE
@@ -177,12 +190,12 @@ FetchContent_Declare(ftpsrv

 FetchContent_Declare(libhaze
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ITotalJustice/libhaze.git
-    GIT_TAG 0be1523
+    GIT_TAG f0b2a14
 )

 FetchContent_Declare(libpulsar
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ITotalJustice/switch-libpulsar.git
-    GIT_TAG de656e4
+    GIT_TAG ac7bc97
 )

 FetchContent_Declare(nanovg
@@ -197,7 +210,7 @@ FetchContent_Declare(stb

 FetchContent_Declare(yyjson
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ibireme/yyjson.git
-    GIT_TAG 0.11.1
+    GIT_TAG 0.12.0
 )

 FetchContent_Declare(minIni
@@ -213,7 +226,7 @@ FetchContent_Declare(zstd

 FetchContent_Declare(libusbhsfs
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ITotalJustice/libusbhsfs.git
-    GIT_TAG d0a973e
+    GIT_TAG 625269b
 )

 FetchContent_Declare(libnxtc
@@ -226,31 +239,47 @@ FetchContent_Declare(nvjpg
    GIT_TAG 45680e7
 )

+FetchContent_Declare(dr_libs
+    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/mackron/dr_libs.git
+    GIT_TAG b962384
+    SOURCE_SUBDIR NONE
+)
+
+FetchContent_Declare(id3v2lib
+    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/larsbs/id3v2lib.git
+    GIT_TAG 141ffb8
+)
+
+FetchContent_Declare(libusbdvd
+    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/proconsule/libusbdvd.git
+    GIT_TAG 3cb0613
+)
+
 set(USE_NEW_ZSTD ON)
 # has issues with some homebrew and game icons (oxenfree, overwatch2).
-set(USE_NVJPG ON)
+set(USE_NVJPG OFF)

 set(ZSTD_BUILD_STATIC ON)
 set(ZSTD_BUILD_SHARED OFF)
-set(ZSTD_BUILD_COMPRESSION OFF)
+set(ZSTD_BUILD_COMPRESSION ON)
+set(ZSTD_MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT ON)
 set(ZSTD_BUILD_DECOMPRESSION ON)
 set(ZSTD_BUILD_DICTBUILDER OFF)
 set(ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT OFF)
-set(ZSTD_MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT OFF)
 set(ZSTD_BUILD_PROGRAMS OFF)
 set(ZSTD_BUILD_TESTS OFF)

 set(MININI_LIB_NAME minIni)
 set(MININI_USE_STDIO ON)
 set(MININI_USE_NX OFF)
-set(MININI_USE_FLOAT OFF)
+set(MININI_USE_FLOAT ON)

 if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug" OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
    set(NANOVG_DEBUG ON)
 endif()
 set(NANOVG_NO_JPEG OFF)
 set(NANOVG_NO_PNG OFF)
-set(NANOVG_NO_BMP ON)
+set(NANOVG_NO_BMP OFF)
 set(NANOVG_NO_PSD ON)
 set(NANOVG_NO_TGA ON)
 set(NANOVG_NO_GIF ON)
@@ -283,6 +312,9 @@ FetchContent_MakeAvailable(
    libusbhsfs
    libnxtc
    nvjpg
+    dr_libs
+    id3v2lib
+    libusbdvd
 )

 set(FTPSRV_LIB_BUILD TRUE)
@@ -324,6 +356,9 @@ target_include_directories(ftpsrv_helper PUBLIC ${ftpsrv_SOURCE_DIR}/src/platfor
 add_library(stb INTERFACE)
 target_include_directories(stb INTERFACE ${stb_SOURCE_DIR})

+add_library(dr_libs INTERFACE)
+target_include_directories(dr_libs INTERFACE ${dr_libs_SOURCE_DIR})
+
 add_library(libnxtc
    ${libnxtc_SOURCE_DIR}/source/nxtc.c
    ${libnxtc_SOURCE_DIR}/source/nxtc_log.c
@@ -331,6 +366,28 @@ add_library(libnxtc
 )
 target_include_directories(libnxtc PUBLIC ${libnxtc_SOURCE_DIR}/include)

+add_library(libusbdvd
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/usbdvd.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/usbdvd_scsi.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/usbdvd_utils.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/usbdvd_datadisc.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/audiocdfs/audiocdfs.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/audiocdfs/cdaudio_devoptab.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/iso9660/usbdvd_iso9660.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/iso9660/iso9660_devoptab.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/udf/usbdvd_udf.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/udf/udf_devoptab.cpp
+    ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/os/switch/switch_usb.cpp
+
+)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PRIVATE ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PRIVATE ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/os/switch)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PRIVATE ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PRIVATE ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/audiocdfs)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PRIVATE ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/iso9660)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PRIVATE ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/source/fs/udf)
+target_include_directories(libusbdvd PUBLIC ${libusbdvd_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
+
 if (USE_NVJPG)
    add_library(nvjpg
        ${nvjpg_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/decoder.cpp
@@ -357,7 +414,6 @@ endif()
 add_library(fatfs
    source/ff16/diskio.c
    source/ff16/ff.c
-    source/ff16/ffunicode.c
 )

 target_include_directories(fatfs PUBLIC source/ff16)
@@ -380,6 +436,9 @@ target_link_libraries(sphaira PRIVATE
    # libusbhsfs
    libnxtc
    fatfs
+    dr_libs
+    id3v2lib
+    libusbdvd

    ${minizip_lib}
    ZLIB::ZLIB
--- a/sphaira/include/app.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/app.hpp
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@

 #include "nanovg.h"
 #include "nanovg/dk_renderer.hpp"
-#include "pulsar.h"
 #include "ui/widget.hpp"
 #include "ui/notification.hpp"
 #include "owo.hpp"
 #include "option.hpp"
 #include "fs.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
+#include "utils/audio.hpp"

 #ifdef USE_NVJPG
 #include <nvjpg.hpp>
@@ -22,16 +22,7 @@

 namespace sphaira {

-enum SoundEffect {
-    SoundEffect_Music,
-    SoundEffect_Focus,
-    SoundEffect_Scroll,
-    SoundEffect_Limit,
-    SoundEffect_Startup,
-    SoundEffect_Install,
-    SoundEffect_Error,
-    SoundEffect_MAX,
-};
+using SoundEffect = audio::SoundEffect;

 enum class LaunchType {
    Normal,
@@ -108,6 +99,10 @@ public:
    static auto GetLanguage() -> long;
    static auto GetTextScrollSpeed() -> long;

+    static auto GetNszCompressLevel() -> u8;
+    static auto GetNszThreadCount() -> u8;
+    static auto GetNszBlockExponent() -> u8;
+
    static void SetMtpEnable(bool enable);
    static void SetFtpEnable(bool enable);
    static void SetNxlinkEnable(bool enable);
@@ -153,8 +148,12 @@ public:

    void LoadTheme(const ThemeMeta& meta);
    void CloseTheme();
+    void CloseThemeBackgroundMusic();
    void ScanThemes(const std::string& path);
    void ScanThemeEntries();
+    void LoadAndPlayThemeMusic();
+    static Result SetDefaultBackgroundMusic(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path);
+    static void SetBackgroundMusicPause(bool pause);

    // helper that converts 1.2.3 to a u32 used for comparisons.
    static auto GetVersionFromString(const char* str) -> u32;
@@ -294,6 +293,7 @@ public:

    option::OptionBool m_log_enabled{INI_SECTION, "log_enabled", false};
    option::OptionBool m_replace_hbmenu{INI_SECTION, "replace_hbmenu", false};
+    option::OptionString m_default_music{INI_SECTION, "default_music", "/config/sphaira/themes/default_music.bfstm"};
    option::OptionString m_theme_path{INI_SECTION, "theme", DEFAULT_THEME_PATH};
    option::OptionBool m_theme_music{INI_SECTION, "theme_music", true};
    option::OptionBool m_12hour_time{INI_SECTION, "12hour_time", false};
@@ -328,13 +328,18 @@ public:
    option::OptionBool m_dump_append_folder_with_xci{"dump", "append_folder_with_xci", true};
    option::OptionBool m_dump_trim_xci{"dump", "trim_xci", false};
    option::OptionBool m_dump_label_trim_xci{"dump", "label_trim_xci", false};
-    option::OptionBool m_dump_usb_transfer_stream{"dump", "usb_transfer_stream", true, false};
    option::OptionBool m_dump_convert_to_common_ticket{"dump", "convert_to_common_ticket", true};
+    option::OptionLong m_nsz_compress_level{"dump", "nsz_compress_level", 3};
+    option::OptionLong m_nsz_compress_threads{"dump", "nsz_compress_threads", 3};
+    option::OptionBool m_nsz_compress_ldm{"dump", "nsz_compress_ldm", true};
+    option::OptionBool m_nsz_compress_block{"dump", "nsz_compress_block", false};
+    option::OptionLong m_nsz_compress_block_exponent{"dump", "nsz_compress_block_exponent", 6};

    // todo: move this into it's own menu
    option::OptionLong m_text_scroll_speed{"accessibility", "text_scroll_speed", 1}; // normal

-    PLSR_PlayerSoundId m_sound_ids[SoundEffect_MAX]{};
+    std::shared_ptr<fs::FsNativeSd> m_fs{};
+    audio::SongID m_background_music{};

 #ifdef USE_NVJPG
    nj::Decoder m_decoder;
--- a/sphaira/include/defines.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/defines.hpp
@@ -577,6 +577,7 @@ enum class SphairaResult : Result {

    UsbDsBadDeviceSpeed,

+    NcaBadMagic,
    NspBadMagic,
    XciBadMagic,
    XciSecurePartitionNotFound,
@@ -648,6 +649,17 @@ enum class SphairaResult : Result {
    YatiNcmDbCorruptHeader,
    // unable to total infos from ncm database.
    YatiNcmDbCorruptInfos,
+
+    NszFailedCreateCctx,
+    NszFailedSetCompressionLevel,
+    NszFailedSetThreadCount,
+    NszFailedSetLongDistanceMode,
+    NszFailedResetCctx,
+    NszFailedCompress2,
+    NszFailedCompressStream2,
+    NszTooManyBlocks,
+    // set when nca finished but not all blocks were handled.
+    NszMissingBlocks,
 };

 #define MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(x) Result_##x =  MAKERESULT(Module_Sphaira, (Result)SphairaResult::x)
@@ -717,8 +729,11 @@ enum : Result {
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(ThemezerFailedToDownloadTheme),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(MainFailedToDownloadUpdate),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbDsBadDeviceSpeed),
+
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NspBadMagic),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(XciBadMagic),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NcaBadMagic),
+
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(XciSecurePartitionNotFound),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(EsBadTitleKeyType),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(EsPersonalisedTicketDeviceIdMissmatch),
@@ -729,7 +744,9 @@ enum : Result {
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(EsInvalidTicketFromatVersion),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(EsInvalidTicketKeyType),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(EsInvalidTicketKeyRevision),
+
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(OwoBadArgs),
+
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbCancelled),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbBadMagic),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbBadVersion),
@@ -744,6 +761,7 @@ enum : Result {
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbUploadBadTransferSize),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbUploadBadTotalSize),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(UsbUploadBadCommand),
+
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(YatiContainerNotFound),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(YatiNcaNotFound),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(YatiInvalidNcaReadSize),
@@ -765,6 +783,16 @@ enum : Result {
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(YatiCertNotFound),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(YatiNcmDbCorruptHeader),
    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(YatiNcmDbCorruptInfos),
+
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedCreateCctx),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedSetCompressionLevel),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedSetThreadCount),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedSetLongDistanceMode),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedResetCctx),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedCompress2),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszFailedCompressStream2),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszTooManyBlocks),
+    MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM(NszMissingBlocks),
 };

 #undef MAKE_SPHAIRA_RESULT_ENUM
@@ -799,16 +827,6 @@ enum : Result {
 // #define ON_SCOPE_FAIL(_f) std::experimental::scope_exit ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(SCOPE_EXIT_STATE_){[&] { if (R_FAILED(rc)) { _f; } }};
 // #define ON_SCOPE_SUCCESS(_f) std::experimental::scope_exit ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(SCOPE_EXIT_STATE_){[&] { if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) { _f; } }};

-// threading helpers.
-#define PRIO_PREEMPTIVE 0x3B
-
-// threading affinity, use with svcSetThreadCoreMask().
-#define THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE0 BIT(0)
-#define THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE1 BIT(1)
-#define THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE2 BIT(2)
-#define THREAD_AFFINITY_DEFAULT(core) (BIT(core)|THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE1|THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE2)
-#define THREAD_AFFINITY_ALL (THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE0|THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE1|THREAD_AFFINITY_CORE2)
-
 // mutex helpers.
 #define SCOPED_MUTEX(mutex) \
    mutexLock(mutex); \
--- a/sphaira/include/download.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/download.hpp
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ struct DownloadEventData {

 auto Init() -> bool;
 void Exit();
+void ExitSignal();

 // sync functions
 auto ToMemory(const Api& e) -> ApiResult;
--- a/sphaira/include/dumper.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/dumper.hpp
@@ -2,16 +2,21 @@

 #include "fs.hpp"
 #include "location.hpp"
+#include "ui/progress_box.hpp"
+
 #include <switch.h>
 #include <vector>
 #include <memory>
 #include <functional>
+#include <minizip/ioapi.h>

 namespace sphaira::dump {

 enum DumpLocationType {
    // dump using native fs.
    DumpLocationType_SdCard,
+    // dump to usb pc.
+    DumpLocationType_Usb,
    // dump to usb using tinfoil protocol.
    DumpLocationType_UsbS2S,
    // speed test, only reads the data, doesn't write anything.
@@ -24,11 +29,12 @@ enum DumpLocationType {

 enum DumpLocationFlag {
    DumpLocationFlag_SdCard = 1 << DumpLocationType_SdCard,
+    DumpLocationFlag_Usb = 1 << DumpLocationType_Usb,
    DumpLocationFlag_UsbS2S = 1 << DumpLocationType_UsbS2S,
    DumpLocationFlag_DevNull = 1 << DumpLocationType_DevNull,
    DumpLocationFlag_Stdio = 1 << DumpLocationType_Stdio,
    DumpLocationFlag_Network = 1 << DumpLocationType_Network,
-    DumpLocationFlag_All = DumpLocationFlag_SdCard | DumpLocationFlag_UsbS2S | DumpLocationFlag_DevNull | DumpLocationFlag_Stdio | DumpLocationFlag_Network,
+    DumpLocationFlag_All = DumpLocationFlag_SdCard | DumpLocationFlag_Usb | DumpLocationFlag_UsbS2S | DumpLocationFlag_DevNull | DumpLocationFlag_Stdio | DumpLocationFlag_Network,
 };

 struct DumpEntry {
@@ -48,17 +54,36 @@ struct BaseSource {
    virtual auto GetName(const std::string& path) const -> std::string = 0;
    virtual auto GetSize(const std::string& path) const -> s64 = 0;
    virtual auto GetIcon(const std::string& path) const -> int { return 0; }
+
+    Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) {
+        u64 bytes_read;
+        return Read(path, buf, off, size, &bytes_read);
+    }
+};
+
+struct WriteSource {
+    virtual ~WriteSource() = default;
+    virtual Result Write(const void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) = 0;
+    virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) = 0;
 };

 // called after dump has finished.
 using OnExit = std::function<void(Result rc)>;
 using OnLocation = std::function<void(const DumpLocation& loc)>;

+using CustomTransfer = std::function<Result(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path)>;
+
 // prompts the user to select dump location, calls on_loc on success with the selected location.
-void DumpGetLocation(const std::string& title, u32 location_flags, const OnLocation& on_loc);
+void DumpGetLocation(const std::string& title, u32 location_flags, const OnLocation& on_loc, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer = nullptr);
+
+Result Dump(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& location, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer = nullptr);
+
 // dumps to a fetched location using DumpGetLocation().
-void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& location, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const OnExit& on_exit);
+void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& location, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const OnExit& on_exit, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer = nullptr);
 // DumpGetLocation() + Dump() all in one.
-void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const OnExit& on_exit = [](Result){}, u32 location_flags = DumpLocationFlag_All);
+void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const OnExit& on_exit = nullptr, u32 location_flags = DumpLocationFlag_All);
+void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer, const OnExit& on_exit = nullptr, u32 location_flags = DumpLocationFlag_All);
+
+void FileFuncWriter(WriteSource* writer, zlib_filefunc64_def* funcs);

 } // namespace sphaira::dump
--- a/sphaira/include/fatfs.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/fatfs.hpp
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <switch.h>
-#include <vector>
-#include <string>

 namespace sphaira::fatfs {

--- a/sphaira/include/fs.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/fs.hpp
@@ -322,6 +322,7 @@ struct Fs {
    virtual bool FileExists(const FsPath& path) = 0;
    virtual bool DirExists(const FsPath& path) = 0;
    virtual bool IsNative() const = 0;
+    virtual bool IsSd() const { return false; }
    virtual FsPath Root() const { return "/"; }

    Result OpenFile(const fs::FsPath& path, u32 mode, File* f) {
@@ -510,6 +511,8 @@ struct FsNativeSd final : FsNative {
    FsNativeSd(bool ignore_read_only = true) : FsNative{fsdevGetDeviceFileSystem("sdmc:"), false, ignore_read_only} {
        m_open_result = 0;
    }
+
+    bool IsSd() const override { return true; }
 };
 #endif

--- a/sphaira/include/hasher.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/hasher.hpp
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ enum class Type {
    Md5,
    Sha1,
    Sha256,
+    Null,
+    Deflate,
+    Zstd,
 };

 struct BaseSource {
--- a/sphaira/include/haze_helper.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/haze_helper.hpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 namespace sphaira::haze {

 bool Init();
+bool IsInit();
 void Exit();

 using OnInstallStart = std::function<bool(const char* path)>;
--- a/sphaira/include/nro.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/nro.hpp
@@ -9,6 +9,11 @@

 namespace sphaira {

+struct NroData {
+    NroStart start;
+    NroHeader header;
+};
+
 struct Hbini {
    u64 timestamp{}; // timestamp of last launch
    bool hidden{};
@@ -27,9 +32,6 @@ struct NroEntry {
    u64 icon_size{};
    u64 icon_offset{};

-    u64 romfs_size{};
-    u64 romfs_offset{};
-
    FsTimeStampRaw timestamp{};
    Hbini hbini{};

--- a/sphaira/include/option.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/option.hpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ private:

 using OptionBool = OptionBase<bool>;
 using OptionLong = OptionBase<long>;
+using OptionFloat = OptionBase<float>;
 using OptionString = OptionBase<std::string>;

 } // namespace sphaira::option
--- a/sphaira/include/threaded_file_transfer.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/threaded_file_transfer.hpp
@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@ enum class Mode {
    SingleThreadedIfSmaller,
 };

+using DecompressWriteCallback = std::function<Result(const void* data, s64 size)>;
+
 using ReadCallback = std::function<Result(void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read)>;
+using DecompressCallback = std::function<Result(void* data, s64 off, s64 size, const DecompressWriteCallback& callback)>;
 using WriteCallback = std::function<Result(const void* data, s64 off, s64 size)>;

 // used for pull api
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ using StartCallback2 = std::function<Result(StartThreadCallback start, PullCallb

 // reads data from rfunc into wfunc.
 Result Transfer(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const WriteCallback& wfunc, Mode mode = Mode::MultiThreaded);
+Result Transfer(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const DecompressCallback& dfunc, const WriteCallback& wfunc, Mode mode = Mode::MultiThreaded);

 // reads data from rfunc, pull data from provided pull() callback.
 Result TransferPull(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const StartCallback& sfunc, Mode mode = Mode::MultiThreaded);
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/file_viewer.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/file_viewer.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 namespace sphaira::ui::menu::fileview {

 struct Menu final : MenuBase {
-    Menu(const fs::FsPath& path);
+    Menu(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path);

    auto GetShortTitle() const -> const char* override { return "File"; };
    void Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) override;
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ struct Menu final : MenuBase {
    void OnFocusGained() override;

 private:
+    fs::Fs* const m_fs;
    const fs::FsPath m_path;
-    fs::FsNativeSd m_fs{};
    fs::File m_file{};
    s64 m_file_size{};
    s64 m_file_offset{};
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/filebrowser.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/filebrowser.hpp
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ struct FileEntry final : FsDirectoryEntry {
    bool checked_extension{}; // did we already search for an ext?
    bool checked_internal_extension{}; // did we already search for an ext?
    bool selected{}; // is this file selected?
+    bool done_stat{}; // have we checked file_size / count.

    auto IsFile() const -> bool {
        return type == FsDirEntryType_File;
@@ -305,9 +306,11 @@ struct FsView final : Widget {
    void DisplayOptions();
    void DisplayAdvancedOptions();

-    void MountNspFs();
-    void MountXciFs();
-    void MountZipFs();
+    using MountFsFunc = Result(*)(fs::Fs *fs, const fs::FsPath &path, fs::FsPath &out_path);
+    // using MountFsFunc = std::function<Result(fs::Fs *fs, const fs::FsPath &path, fs::FsPath &out_path)>;
+    using UmountFsFunc = std::function<void(const fs::FsPath &mount)>;
+
+    void MountFileFs(const MountFsFunc& mount_func, const UmountFsFunc& umount_func);

 // private:
    Base* m_menu{};
@@ -437,6 +440,9 @@ protected:

    auto CreateFs(const FsEntry& fs_entry) -> std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>;

+private:
+    void Init(const std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>& fs, const FsEntry& fs_entry, const fs::FsPath& path, bool is_custom);
+
 protected:
    static constexpr inline const char* INI_SECTION = "filebrowser";

@@ -480,7 +486,6 @@ auto IsSamePath(std::string_view a, std::string_view b) -> bool;
 auto IsExtension(std::string_view ext1, std::string_view ext2) -> bool;
 auto IsExtension(std::string_view ext, std::span<const std::string_view> list) -> bool;

-
 struct FsStdioWrapper final : fs::FsStdio {
    using OnExit = std::function<void(void)>;
    FsStdioWrapper(const fs::FsPath& root, const OnExit& on_exit) : fs::FsStdio{true, root}, m_on_exit{on_exit} {
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/game_menu.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/game_menu.hpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace sphaira::ui::menu::game {

 struct Entry {
    u64 app_id{};
-    u8 type{};
+    u8 last_event{};
    NacpLanguageEntry lang{};
    int image{};
    bool selected{};
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ private:
    }

    void DeleteGames();
-    void DumpGames(u32 flags);
+    void ExportOptions(bool to_nsz);
+    void DumpGames(u32 flags, bool to_nsz);
    void CreateSaves(AccountUid uid);

 private:
@@ -98,6 +99,10 @@ private:
    bool m_is_reversed{};
    bool m_dirty{};

+    // use for detection game card removal to force a refresh.
+    Event m_gc_event{};
+    FsEventNotifier m_gc_event_notifier{};
+
    option::OptionLong m_sort{INI_SECTION, "sort", SortType::SortType_Updated};
    option::OptionLong m_order{INI_SECTION, "order", OrderType::OrderType_Descending};
    option::OptionLong m_layout{INI_SECTION, "layout", LayoutType::LayoutType_Grid};
@@ -160,13 +165,13 @@ struct ContentInfoEntry {
    std::vector<NcmRightsId> ncm_rights_id{};
 };

-auto BuildNspPath(const Entry& e, const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status) -> fs::FsPath;
-Result BuildContentEntry(const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, ContentInfoEntry& out);
-Result BuildNspEntry(const Entry& e, const ContentInfoEntry& info, const keys::Keys& keys, NspEntry& out);
-Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, const title::MetaEntries& meta_entries, std::vector<NspEntry>& out);
-Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, u32 flags, std::vector<NspEntry>& out);
+auto BuildNspPath(const Entry& e, const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, bool to_nsz = false) -> fs::FsPath;
+Result BuildContentEntry(const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, ContentInfoEntry& out, bool to_nsz = false);
+Result BuildNspEntry(const Entry& e, const ContentInfoEntry& info, const keys::Keys& keys, NspEntry& out, bool to_nsz = false);
+Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, const title::MetaEntries& meta_entries, std::vector<NspEntry>& out, bool to_nsz = false);
+Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, u32 flags, std::vector<NspEntry>& out, bool to_nsz = false);

 // dumps the array of nsp entries.
-void DumpNsp(const std::vector<NspEntry>& entries);
+void DumpNsp(const std::vector<NspEntry>& entries, bool to_nsz);

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::game
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/game_meta_menu.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/game_meta_menu.hpp
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ private:
        return GetEntry(m_index);
    }

-    void DumpGames();
+    void DumpGames(bool to_nsz);
    void DeleteGames();
    Result ResetRequiredSystemVersion(MetaEntry& entry) const;
    Result GetNcmSizeOfMetaStatus(MetaEntry& entry) const;
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/gc_menu.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/gc_menu.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 #include <span>
 #include <memory>

-namespace sphaira::ui::menu::gc {
+// todo: pr to libnx
+extern "C" {

 typedef enum {
    FsGameCardPartitionRaw_None   = -1,
@@ -15,6 +16,13 @@ typedef enum {
    FsGameCardPartitionRaw_Secure = 1,
 } FsGameCardPartitionRaw;

+Result fsOpenGameCardStorage(FsStorage* out, const FsGameCardHandle* handle, FsGameCardPartitionRaw partition);
+Result fsOpenGameCardDetectionEventNotifier(FsEventNotifier* out);
+
+}
+
+namespace sphaira::ui::menu::gc {
+
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // The below structs are taken from nxdumptool./
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -88,6 +96,33 @@ typedef struct {

 static_assert(sizeof(GameCardInitialData) == 0x200);

+/// Encrypted using AES-128-CTR with the key and IV/counter from the `GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption` section. Assumed to be all zeroes in retail gamecards.
+typedef struct {
+    u8 titlekey[0x10];  ///< Decrypted titlekey from the `GameCardInitialData` section.
+    u8 reserved[0xCF0];
+} GameCardTitleKeyArea;
+
+static_assert(sizeof(GameCardTitleKeyArea) == 0xD00);
+
+/// Encrypted using RSA-2048-OAEP and a private OAEP key from AuthoringTool. Assumed to be all zeroes in retail gamecards.
+typedef struct {
+    u8 titlekey_encryption_key[0x10];   ///< Used as the AES-128-CTR key for the `GameCardTitleKeyArea` section. Randomly generated during XCI creation by AuthoringTool.
+    u8 titlekey_encryption_iv[0x10];    ///< Used as the AES-128-CTR IV/counter for the `GameCardTitleKeyArea` section. Randomly generated during XCI creation by AuthoringTool.
+    u8 reserved[0xE0];
+} GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption;
+
+static_assert(sizeof(GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption) == 0x100);
+
+/// Used to secure communications between the Lotus and the inserted gamecard.
+/// Supposedly precedes the gamecard header.
+typedef struct {
+    GameCardInitialData initial_data;
+    GameCardTitleKeyArea titlekey_area;
+    GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption titlekey_area_encryption;
+} GameCardKeyArea;
+
+static_assert(sizeof(GameCardKeyArea) == 0x1000);
+
 typedef struct {
    u8 maker_code;              ///< GameCardUidMakerCode.
    u8 version;                 ///< TODO: determine whether this matches GameCardVersion or not.
@@ -198,6 +233,7 @@ private:
    void FreeImage();
    void OnChangeIndex(s64 new_index);
    Result DumpGames(u32 flags);
+    Result DumpXcz(u32 flags);

    Result MountGcFs();

@@ -222,12 +258,12 @@ private:

    FsStorage m_storage{};
    // size of normal partition.
-    s64 m_parition_normal_size{};
+    s64 m_partition_normal_size{};
    // size of secure partition.
-    s64 m_parition_secure_size{};
+    s64 m_partition_secure_size{};
    // used size reported in the xci header.
    s64 m_storage_trimmed_size{};
-    // total size of m_parition_normal_size + m_parition_secure_size.
+    // total size of m_partition_normal_size + m_partition_secure_size.
    s64 m_storage_total_size{};
    // reported size via rom_size in the xci header.
    s64 m_storage_full_size{};
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/homebrew.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/homebrew.hpp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ private:
        return m_sort.Get() >= SortType_UpdatedStar;
    }

-    Result MountRomfsFs();
+    Result MountNroFs();

 private:
    static constexpr inline const char* INI_SECTION = "homebrew";
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/image_viewer.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/image_viewer.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ui/widget.hpp"
+#include "fs.hpp"
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sphaira::ui::menu::imageview {
+
+struct Menu final : Widget {
+    Menu(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path);
+    ~Menu();
+
+    void Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) override;
+    void Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) override;
+
+    auto IsMenu() const -> bool override {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void UpdateSize();
+
+private:
+    const fs::FsPath m_path;
+    int m_image{};
+    float m_image_width{};
+    float m_image_height{};
+
+    // for zoom, 0.1 - 1.0
+    float m_zoom{1};
+
+    // for pan.
+    float m_xoff{};
+    float m_yoff{};
+};
+
+} // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::imageview
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/save_menu.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/save_menu.hpp
@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ private:

    auto BuildSavePath(const Entry& e, bool is_auto) const -> fs::FsPath;
    Result RestoreSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const Entry& e, const fs::FsPath& path) const;
-    Result BackupSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const dump::DumpLocation& location, const Entry& e, bool compressed, bool is_auto = false) const;
+    Result BackupSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const dump::DumpLocation& location, Entry& e, bool compressed, bool is_auto = false) const;
+    Result BackupSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const dump::DumpLocation& location, std::span<const std::reference_wrapper<Entry>> entries, bool compressed, bool is_auto = false) const;

    Result MountSaveFs();

--- a/sphaira/include/ui/menus/themezer.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/menus/themezer.hpp
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#if 0
 #pragma once

 #include "ui/menus/menu_base.hpp"
@@ -175,3 +176,4 @@ private:
 };

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::themezer
+#endif
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/music_player.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/music_player.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ui/widget.hpp"
+#include "ui/scrolling_text.hpp"
+#include "fs.hpp"
+#include "utils/audio.hpp"
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace sphaira::ui::music {
+
+struct Menu final : Widget {
+    Menu(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path);
+    ~Menu();
+
+    void Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) override;
+    void Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) override;
+
+private:
+    void PauseToggle();
+    void SeekForward();
+    void SeekBack();
+
+    void IncreaseVolume();
+    void DecreaseVolume();
+
+private:
+    audio::SongID m_song{};
+    audio::Info m_info{};
+    audio::Meta m_meta{};
+    // only set if metadata was loaded.
+    int m_icon{};
+
+    ScrollingText m_scroll_title{};
+    ScrollingText m_scroll_artist{};
+    ScrollingText m_scroll_album{};
+
+    // from movienx
+    static constexpr Vec4 osd_progress_bar{400.f, 550, 1280.f - (400.f * 2.f), 10.f};
+    // static constexpr Vec4 osd_progress_bar{300.f, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2 - 15 / 2, 1280.f - (300.f * 2.f), 10.f};
+    static constexpr Vec2 osd_time_text_left{osd_progress_bar.x - 12.f, osd_progress_bar.y - 2.f};
+    static constexpr Vec2 osd_time_text_right{osd_progress_bar.x + osd_progress_bar.w + 12.f, osd_progress_bar.y - 2.f};
+    static constexpr Vec4 osd_bar_outline{osd_time_text_left.x - 80, osd_progress_bar.y - 30, osd_progress_bar.w + 80 * 2 + 30, osd_progress_bar.h + 30 + 30};
+};
+
+} // namespace sphaira::ui::music
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/progress_box.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/progress_box.hpp
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ struct ProgressBox final : Widget {
        int image,
        const std::string& action,
        const std::string& title,
-        const ProgressBoxCallback& callback, const ProgressBoxDoneCallback& done = [](Result rc){},
-        int cpuid = 1, int prio = PRIO_PREEMPTIVE, int stack_size = 1024*128
+        const ProgressBoxCallback& callback, const ProgressBoxDoneCallback& done = nullptr
    );
    ~ProgressBox();

@@ -28,6 +27,8 @@ struct ProgressBox final : Widget {
    auto SetActionName(const std::string& action) -> ProgressBox&;
    auto SetTitle(const std::string& title) -> ProgressBox&;
    auto NewTransfer(const std::string& transfer) -> ProgressBox&;
+    // zeros the saved offset.
+    auto ResetTranfser() -> ProgressBox&;
    auto UpdateTransfer(s64 offset, s64 size) -> ProgressBox&;
    // not const in order to avoid copy by using std::swap
    auto SetImage(int image) -> ProgressBox&;
@@ -44,10 +45,6 @@ struct ProgressBox final : Widget {
    auto CopyFile(const fs::FsPath& src, const fs::FsPath& dst, bool single_threaded = false) -> Result;
    void Yield();

-    auto GetCpuId() const {
-        return m_cpuid;
-    }
-
    auto OnDownloadProgressCallback() {
        return [this](s64 dltotal, s64 dlnow, s64 ultotal, s64 ulnow){
            if (this->ShouldExit()) {
@@ -103,7 +100,6 @@ private:
    ScrollingText m_scroll_title{};
    ScrollingText m_scroll_transfer{};

-    int m_cpuid{};
    int m_image{};
    bool m_own_image{};
 };
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/sidebar.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/sidebar.hpp
@@ -91,6 +91,25 @@ private:
    std::string m_false_str;
 };

+class SidebarEntrySlider final : public SidebarEntryBase {
+public:
+    using Callback = std::function<void(float&)>;
+
+public:
+    explicit SidebarEntrySlider(const std::string& title, float value, float min, float max, int steps, const Callback& cb, const std::string& info = "");
+    void Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme, const Vec4& root_pos, bool left) override;
+
+private:
+    float m_value;
+    float m_min;
+    float m_max;
+    int m_steps;
+    Callback m_callback;
+
+    float m_duration;
+    float m_inc;
+};
+
 class SidebarEntryCallback final : public SidebarEntryBase {
 public:
    using Callback = std::function<void()>;
--- a/sphaira/include/ui/types.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/ui/types.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once

 #include "nanovg.h"
-#include "pulsar.h"
 #include "fs.hpp"

 #include <switch.h>
@@ -229,6 +228,7 @@ struct ThemeMeta {
 struct Theme {
    ThemeMeta meta;
    ElementEntry elements[ThemeEntryID_MAX];
+    fs::FsPath music_path;

    auto GetColour(ThemeEntryID id) const {
        return elements[id].colour;
@@ -291,11 +291,13 @@ enum class Button : u64 {
    LS_RIGHT = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickLRight),
    LS_UP = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickLUp),
    LS_DOWN = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickLDown),
+    LS_ANY = LS_LEFT | LS_RIGHT | LS_UP | LS_DOWN,

    RS_LEFT = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickRLeft),
    RS_RIGHT = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickRRight),
    RS_UP = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickRUp),
    RS_DOWN = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_StickRDown),
+    RS_ANY = RS_LEFT | RS_RIGHT | RS_UP | RS_DOWN,

    ANY_LEFT = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_AnyLeft),
    ANY_RIGHT = static_cast<u64>(HidNpadButton_AnyRight),
--- a/sphaira/include/usb/tinfoil.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usb/tinfoil.hpp
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <switch.h>
-
-namespace sphaira::usb::tinfoil {
-
-enum Magic : u32 {
-    Magic_List0 = 0x304C5554, // TUL0 (Tinfoil Usb List 0)
-    Magic_Command0 = 0x30435554, // TUC0 (Tinfoil USB Command 0)
-};
-
-enum USBCmdType : u8 {
-    REQUEST = 0,
-    RESPONSE = 1
-};
-
-enum USBCmdId : u32 {
-    EXIT = 0,
-    FILE_RANGE = 1
-};
-
-// extension flags for sphaira.
-enum USBFlag : u8 {
-    USBFlag_NONE = 0,
-    // stream install, does not allow for random access.
-    // allows the upload to be multi threaded., do not modify!
-    // the order of the file list must be kept as-is.
-    USBFlag_STREAM = 1 << 0,
-};
-
-struct TUSHeader {
-    u32 magic; // TUL0 (Tinfoil Usb List 0)
-    u32 nspListSize;
-    u8 flags;
-    u8 padding[0x7];
-};
-
-struct NX_PACKED USBCmdHeader {
-    u32 magic; // TUC0 (Tinfoil USB Command 0)
-    USBCmdType type;
-    u8 padding[0x3];
-    u32 cmdId;
-    u64 dataSize;
-    u8 reserved[0xC];
-};
-
-struct FileRangeCmdHeader {
-    u64 size;
-    u64 offset;
-    u64 nspNameLen;
-    u64 padding;
-};
-
-static_assert(sizeof(TUSHeader) == 0x10, "TUSHeader must be 0x10!");
-static_assert(sizeof(USBCmdHeader) == 0x20, "USBCmdHeader must be 0x20!");
-
-} // namespace sphaira::usb::tinfoil
--- a/sphaira/include/usb/usb_api.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usb/usb_api.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <switch.h>
+#include "defines.hpp"
+
+namespace sphaira::usb::api {
+
+enum : u32 {
+    MAGIC = 0x53504830,
+    PACKET_SIZE = 16,
+};
+
+enum : u32 {
+    CMD_QUIT = 0,
+    CMD_OPEN = 1,
+    CMD_EXPORT = 1,
+};
+
+enum : u32 {
+    RESULT_OK = 0,
+    RESULT_ERROR = 1,
+};
+
+enum : u32 {
+    FLAG_NONE = 0,
+    FLAG_STREAM = 1 << 0,
+};
+
+struct SendHeader {
+    u32 magic;
+    u32 cmd;
+    u32 arg3;
+    u32 arg4;
+
+    Result Verify() const {
+        R_UNLESS(magic == MAGIC, Result_UsbBadMagic);
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+};
+
+struct ResultHeader {
+    u32 magic;
+    u32 result;
+    u32 arg3;
+    u32 arg4;
+
+    Result Verify() const {
+        R_UNLESS(magic == MAGIC, Result_UsbBadMagic);
+        R_UNLESS(result == RESULT_OK, 1); // todo: create error code.
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+};
+
+struct SendDataHeader {
+    u64 offset;
+    u32 size;
+    u32 crc32c;
+};
+
+static_assert(sizeof(SendHeader) == PACKET_SIZE);
+static_assert(sizeof(ResultHeader) == PACKET_SIZE);
+static_assert(sizeof(SendDataHeader) == PACKET_SIZE);
+
+} // namespace sphaira::usb::api
--- a/sphaira/include/usb/usb_dumper.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usb/usb_dumper.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "usb/usbds.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_api.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <switch.h>
+
+namespace sphaira::usb::dump {
+
+struct Usb {
+    Usb(u64 transfer_timeout);
+    ~Usb();
+
+    Result Write(const void* buf, u64 off, u32 size);
+    void SignalCancel();
+
+    // waits for connection and then sends file list.
+    Result IsUsbConnected(u64 timeout);
+    Result WaitForConnection(std::string_view path, u64 timeout);
+
+    // Result OpenFile(u32 index, s64& file_size);
+    Result CloseFile();
+
+private:
+    Result SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, u64 timeout, api::ResultHeader* out = nullptr);
+    Result SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, api::ResultHeader* out = nullptr);
+
+private:
+    std::unique_ptr<usb::UsbDs> m_usb{};
+    Result m_open_result{};
+    bool m_was_connected{};
+};
+
+} // namespace sphaira::usb::dumpl
--- a/sphaira/include/usb/usb_installer.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usb/usb_installer.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "usb/usbds.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_api.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
+#include <switch.h>
+
+namespace sphaira::usb::install {
+
+struct Usb {
+    Usb(u64 transfer_timeout);
+    ~Usb();
+
+    Result Read(void* buf, u64 off, u32 size, u64* bytes_read);
+    u32 GetFlags() const;
+    void SignalCancel();
+
+    // waits for connection and then sends file list.
+    Result IsUsbConnected(u64 timeout);
+    Result WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, std::vector<std::string>& names);
+
+    Result OpenFile(u32 index, s64& file_size);
+    Result CloseFile();
+
+private:
+    Result SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, u64 timeout, api::ResultHeader* out = nullptr);
+    Result SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, api::ResultHeader* out = nullptr);
+
+private:
+    std::unique_ptr<usb::UsbDs> m_usb{};
+    Result m_open_result{};
+    bool m_was_connected{};
+    u32 m_flags{};
+};
+
+} // namespace sphaira::usb::install
--- a/sphaira/include/usb/usb_uploader.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usb/usb_uploader.hpp
@@ -13,25 +13,30 @@ struct Usb {
    Usb(u64 transfer_timeout);
    virtual ~Usb();

-    virtual Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) = 0;
+    virtual Result Read(void* buf, u64 off, u32 size, u64* bytes_read) = 0;
+    virtual Result Open(u32 index, s64& out_size, u16& out_flags) = 0;

    Result IsUsbConnected(u64 timeout) {
        return m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout);
    }

    // waits for connection and then sends file list.
-    Result WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, u8 flags, std::span<const std::string> names);
+    Result WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, std::span<const std::string> names);

    // polls for command, executes transfer if possible.
    // will return Result_Exit if exit command is recieved.
    Result PollCommands();

-private:
-    Result FileRangeCmd(u64 data_size);
+    Result file_transfer_loop();

 private:
-    std::unique_ptr<usb::UsbHs> m_usb;
-    std::vector<u8> m_buf;
+    Result SendResult(u32 result, u32 arg3 = 0, u32 arg4 = 0);
+
+private:
+    std::unique_ptr<usb::UsbHs> m_usb{};
+    std::vector<u8> m_buf{};
+    Result m_open_result{};
+    bool m_was_connected{};
 };

 } // namespace sphaira::usb::upload
--- a/sphaira/include/usb/usbds.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usb/usbds.hpp
@@ -2,11 +2,6 @@

 #include "base.hpp"

-// TODO: remove these when libnx pr is merged.
-enum { UsbDeviceSpeed_None = 0x0 };
-enum { UsbDeviceSpeed_Low = 0x1 };
-Result usbDsGetSpeed(UsbDeviceSpeed *out);
-
 auto GetUsbDsStateStr(UsbState state) -> const char*;
 auto GetUsbDsSpeedStr(UsbDeviceSpeed speed) -> const char*;

--- a/sphaira/include/usbdvd.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/usbdvd.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <switch.h>
+#include "location.hpp"
+
+namespace sphaira::usbdvd {
+
+Result MountAll();
+void UnmountAll();
+
+bool GetMountPoint(location::StdioEntry& out);
+
+} // namespace sphaira::usbdvd
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/audio.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/audio.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "fs.hpp"
+#include "image.hpp"
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace sphaira::audio {
+
+enum class State {
+    Free,     // private use.
+    Playing,  // song is playing.
+    Paused,   // song has paused.
+    Finished, // song has finished.
+    Error,    // error in playback.
+};
+
+struct Progress {
+    u64 played;
+};
+
+struct Info {
+    u64 sample_count;
+    u32 sample_rate;
+    u32 channels;
+    u32 loop_start;
+    bool looping;
+};
+
+struct Meta {
+    std::string title{};
+    std::string album{};
+    std::string artist{};
+    std::vector<u8> image{};
+};
+
+enum class SoundEffect {
+    Focus,
+    Scroll,
+    Limit,
+    Startup,
+    Install,
+    Error,
+    MAX,
+};
+
+enum Flag {
+    Flag_None = 0,
+    // plays the song for ever.
+    Flag_Loop = 1 << 0,
+};
+
+using SongID = void*;
+
+Result Init();
+void ExitSignal();
+void Exit();
+
+Result PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect effect);
+
+Result OpenSong(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, u32 flags, SongID* id);
+Result CloseSong(SongID* id);
+
+Result PlaySong(SongID id);
+Result PauseSong(SongID id);
+Result SeekSong(SongID id, u64 target);
+
+// todo:
+// 0.0 -> 2.0.
+Result GetVolumeSong(SongID id, float* out);
+Result SetVolumeSong(SongID id, float in);
+
+// todo:
+Result GetPitchSong(SongID id, float* out);
+Result SetPitchSong(SongID id, float in);
+
+Result GetInfo(SongID id, Info* out);
+Result GetMeta(SongID id, Meta* out);
+Result GetProgress(SongID id, Progress* out_progress, State* out_state);
+
+} // namespace sphaira::audio
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/devoptab.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/devoptab.hpp
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 #pragma once

-#include <switch.h>
 #include "fs.hpp"
+#include "yati/source/base.hpp"
+
+#include <switch.h>
+#include <memory>

 namespace sphaira::devoptab {

 // mounts to "lower_case_hex_id:/"
-Result MountFromSavePath(u64 id, fs::FsPath& out_path);
+Result MountSaveSystem(u64 id, fs::FsPath& out_path);
 void UnmountSave(u64 id);

-// todo:
 Result MountZip(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
 void UmountZip(const fs::FsPath& mount);

@@ -17,6 +19,17 @@ Result MountNsp(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
 void UmountNsp(const fs::FsPath& mount);

 Result MountXci(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
+Result MountXciSource(const std::shared_ptr<sphaira::yati::source::Base>& source, s64 size, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
 void UmountXci(const fs::FsPath& mount);

+Result MountNca(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
+Result MountNcaNcm(NcmContentStorage* cs, const NcmContentId* id, fs::FsPath& out_path);
+void UmountNca(const fs::FsPath& mount);
+
+Result MountBfsar(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
+void UmountBfsar(const fs::FsPath& mount);
+
+Result MountNro(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, fs::FsPath& out_path);
+void UmountNro(const fs::FsPath& mount);
+
 } // namespace sphaira::devoptab
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/devoptab_common.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/devoptab_common.hpp
@@ -1,35 +1,84 @@
 #pragma once

 #include "yati/source/file.hpp"
+#include "utils/lru.hpp"
 #include <memory>
+#include <span>

 namespace sphaira::devoptab::common {

 // max entries per devoptab, should be enough.
 enum { MAX_ENTRIES = 4 };

-// buffers data in 512k chunks to maximise throughput.
-// not suitable if random access >= 512k is common.
-// if that is needed, see the LRU cache varient used for fatfs.
-struct BufferedData final : yati::source::Base {
-    static constexpr inline u64 CHUNK_SIZE = 1024 * 512;
-
-    BufferedData(std::unique_ptr<yati::source::Base>&& _source, u64 _size)
-    : source{std::forward<decltype(_source)>(_source)}
+struct BufferedDataBase : yati::source::Base {
+    BufferedDataBase(const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& _source, u64 _size)
+    : source{_source}
    , capacity{_size} {

    }

-    Result Read(void *buf, s64 off, s64 size);
-    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;
+    virtual Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+        return source->Read(buf, off, size, bytes_read);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base> source;
+    const u64 capacity;
+};
+
+// buffers data in 512k chunks to maximise throughput.
+// not suitable if random access >= 512k is common.
+// if that is needed, see the LRU cache varient used for fatfs.
+struct BufferedData : BufferedDataBase {
+    BufferedData(const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& _source, u64 _size, u64 _alloc = 1024 * 512)
+    : BufferedDataBase{_source, _size} {
+        m_data.resize(_alloc);
+    }
+
+    virtual Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;

 private:
-    std::unique_ptr<yati::source::Base> source;
-    const u64 capacity;
-
    u64 m_off{};
    u64 m_size{};
-    u8 m_data[CHUNK_SIZE]{};
+    std::vector<u8> m_data{};
+};
+
+struct BufferedFileData {
+    u8* data{};
+    u64 off{};
+    u64 size{};
+
+    ~BufferedFileData() {
+        if (data) {
+            free(data);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void Allocate(u64 new_size) {
+        data = (u8*)realloc(data, new_size * sizeof(*data));
+        off = 0;
+        size = 0;
+    }
+};
+
+constexpr u64 CACHE_LARGE_ALLOC_SIZE = 1024 * 512;
+constexpr u64 CACHE_LARGE_SIZE = 1024 * 16;
+
+struct LruBufferedData : BufferedDataBase {
+    LruBufferedData(const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& _source, u64 _size, u32 small = 1024, u32 large = 2)
+    : BufferedDataBase{_source, _size} {
+        buffered_small.resize(small);
+        buffered_large.resize(large);
+        lru_cache[0].Init(buffered_small);
+        lru_cache[1].Init(buffered_large);
+    }
+
+    virtual Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;
+
+private:
+    utils::Lru<BufferedFileData> lru_cache[2]{};
+    std::vector<BufferedFileData> buffered_small{}; // 1MiB (usually).
+    std::vector<BufferedFileData> buffered_large{}; // 1MiB
 };

 bool fix_path(const char* str, char* out);
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/devoptab_romfs.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/devoptab_romfs.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "yati/source/base.hpp"
+#include <memory>
+#include <span>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+namespace sphaira::devoptab::romfs {
+
+struct RomfsCollection {
+    romfs_header header;
+    std::vector<u8> dir_table;
+    std::vector<u8> file_table;
+    u64 offset;
+};
+
+struct FileEntry {
+    const romfs_file* romfs;
+    u64 offset;
+    u64 size;
+};
+
+struct DirEntry {
+    const RomfsCollection* romfs_collection;
+    const romfs_dir* romfs_root; // start of the dir.
+    u32 romfs_childDir;
+    u32 romfs_childFile;
+};
+
+bool find_file(const RomfsCollection& romfs, std::string_view path, FileEntry& out);
+bool find_dir(const RomfsCollection& romfs, std::string_view path, DirEntry& out);
+
+// helper
+void dirreset(DirEntry& entry);
+bool dirnext(DirEntry& entry, char* filename, struct stat *filestat);
+
+Result LoadRomfsCollection(yati::source::Base* source, u64 offset, RomfsCollection& out);
+
+} // namespace sphaira::devoptab::romfs
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/lru.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/lru.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <span>
+
+namespace sphaira::utils {
+
+template<typename T>
+struct LinkedList {
+    T* data;
+    LinkedList* next;
+    LinkedList* prev;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct Lru {
+    using ListEntry = LinkedList<T>;
+
+    // pass span of the data.
+    void Init(std::span<T> data) {
+        list_flat_array.clear();
+        list_flat_array.resize(data.size());
+
+        auto list_entry = list_head = list_flat_array.data();
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
+            list_entry = list_flat_array.data() + i;
+            list_entry->data = data.data() + i;
+
+            if (i + 1 < data.size()) {
+                list_entry->next = &list_flat_array[i + 1];
+            }
+            if (i) {
+                list_entry->prev = &list_flat_array[i - 1];
+            }
+        }
+
+        list_tail = list_entry->prev->next;
+    }
+
+    // moves entry to the front of the list.
+    void Update(ListEntry* entry) {
+        // only update position if we are not the head.
+        if (list_head != entry) {
+            entry->prev->next = entry->next;
+            if (entry->next) {
+                entry->next->prev = entry->prev;
+            } else {
+                list_tail = entry->prev;
+            }
+
+            // update head.
+            auto head_temp = list_head;
+            list_head = entry;
+            list_head->prev = nullptr;
+            list_head->next = head_temp;
+            head_temp->prev = list_head;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // moves last entry (tail) to the front of the list.
+    auto GetNextFree() {
+        Update(list_tail);
+        return list_head->data;
+    }
+
+    auto begin() const { return list_head; }
+    auto end() const { return list_tail; }
+
+private:
+    ListEntry* list_head{};
+    ListEntry* list_tail{};
+    std::vector<ListEntry> list_flat_array{};
+};
+
+} // namespace sphaira::utils
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/nsz_dumper.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/nsz_dumper.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "fs.hpp"
+#include "defines.hpp"
+#include "dumper.hpp"
+
+#include "ui/progress_box.hpp"
+#include "yati/nx/keys.hpp"
+#include "yati/nx/nca.hpp"
+#include "yati/container/base.hpp"
+
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace sphaira::utils::nsz {
+
+using Collection = yati::container::CollectionEntry;
+using Collections = yati::container::Collections;
+
+using NcaReaderCreator = std::function<std::unique_ptr<nca::NcaReader>(const nca::Header& header, const keys::KeyEntry& title_key, const Collection& collection)>;
+
+Result NszExport(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, const NcaReaderCreator& nca_creator, s64& read_offset, s64& write_offset, Collections& collections, const keys::Keys& keys, dump::BaseSource* source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path);
+
+} // namespace sphaira::utils::nsz
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/profile.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/profile.hpp
@@ -5,12 +5,16 @@

 namespace sphaira::utils {

-struct ScopedTimestampProfile {
+struct ScopedTimestampProfile final {
    ScopedTimestampProfile(const std::string& name) : m_name{name} {

    }

    ~ScopedTimestampProfile() {
+        Log();
+    }
+
+    void Log() {
        log_write("\t[%s] time taken: %.2fs %.2fms\n", m_name.c_str(), m_ts.GetSecondsD(), m_ts.GetMsD());
    }

--- a/sphaira/include/utils/thread.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/thread.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "defines.hpp"
+#include <functional>
+#include <atomic>
+
+namespace sphaira::utils {
+
+static inline Result CreateThread(Thread *t, ThreadFunc entry, void *arg, size_t stack_sz = 1024*128, int prio = 0x3B) {
+    u64 core_mask = 0;
+    R_TRY(svcGetInfo(&core_mask, InfoType_CoreMask, CUR_PROCESS_HANDLE, 0));
+    R_TRY(threadCreate(t, entry, arg, nullptr, stack_sz, prio, -2));
+    R_TRY(svcSetThreadCoreMask(t->handle, -1, core_mask));
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+struct Async final {
+    using Callback = std::function<void(void)>;
+
+    // core0=main, core1=audio, core2=servers (ftp,mtp,nxlink)
+    Async(Callback&& callback) : m_callback{std::forward<Callback>(callback)} {
+        m_running = true;
+
+        if (R_FAILED(CreateThread(&m_thread, thread_func, &m_callback))) {
+            m_running = false;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (R_FAILED(threadStart(&m_thread))) {
+            threadClose(&m_thread);
+            m_running = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ~Async() {
+        WaitForExit();
+    }
+
+    void WaitForExit() {
+        if (m_running) {
+            threadWaitForExit(&m_thread);
+            threadClose(&m_thread);
+            m_running = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    static void thread_func(void* arg) {
+        (*static_cast<Callback*>(arg))();
+    }
+
+private:
+    Callback m_callback;
+    Thread m_thread{};
+    std::atomic_bool m_running{};
+};
+
+} // namespace sphaira::utils
--- a/sphaira/include/utils/utils.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/utils/utils.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ui/types.hpp"
+
+namespace sphaira::utils {
+
+struct HashStr {
+    char str[0x21];
+};
+
+HashStr hexIdToStr(FsRightsId id);
+HashStr hexIdToStr(NcmRightsId id);
+HashStr hexIdToStr(NcmContentId id);
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr inline T AlignUp(T value, T align) {
+    return (value + (align - 1)) &~ (align - 1);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr inline T AlignDown(T value, T align) {
+    return value &~ (align - 1);
+}
+
+} // namespace sphaira::utils
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/container/nsp.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/container/nsp.hpp
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ namespace sphaira::yati::container {
 struct Nsp final : Base {
    using Base::Base;
    Result GetCollections(Collections& out) override;
+    Result GetCollections(Collections& out, s64 off);

    // builds nsp meta data and the size of the entier nsp.
-    static auto Build(std::span<CollectionEntry> collections, s64& size) -> std::vector<u8>;
+    static auto Build(std::span<const CollectionEntry> collections, s64& size) -> std::vector<u8>;
 };

 } // namespace sphaira::yati::container
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/container/xci.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/container/xci.hpp
@@ -9,18 +9,62 @@ namespace sphaira::yati::container {

 struct Xci final : Base {

+    struct Hfs0Header {
+        u32 magic;
+        u32 total_files;
+        u32 string_table_size;
+        u32 padding;
+    };
+
+    struct Hfs0FileTableEntry {
+        u64 data_offset;
+        u64 data_size;
+        u32 name_offset;
+        u32 hash_size;
+        u64 padding;
+        u8 hash[0x20];
+    };
+
+    struct Hfs0 {
+        Hfs0Header header{};
+        std::vector<Hfs0FileTableEntry> file_table{};
+        std::vector<std::string> string_table{};
+        s64 data_offset{};
+
+        auto GetHfs0Size() const {
+            return sizeof(header) + file_table.size() * sizeof(Hfs0FileTableEntry) + header.string_table_size;
+        }
+
+        auto GetHfs0Data() const -> std::vector<u8>;
+    };
+
    struct Partition {
        // name of the partition.
        std::string name;
+        // offset of this hfs0.
+        s64 hfs0_offset;
+        s64 hfs0_size;
+        Hfs0 hfs0;
        // all the collections for this partition, may be empty.
        Collections collections;
    };

+    struct Root {
+        // offset of this hfs0.
+        s64 hfs0_offset;
+        Hfs0 hfs0;
+        std::vector<Partition> partitions;
+    };
+
    using Partitions = std::vector<Partition>;

    using Base::Base;
    Result GetCollections(Collections& out) override;
-    Result GetPartitions(Partitions& out);
+    Result GetRoot(Root& out);
+
+private:
+    Result Hfs0GetPartition(source::Base* source, s64 off, Hfs0& out);
+    Result ReadPartitionFromHfs0(source::Base* source, const Hfs0& root, u32 index, Partition& out);
 };

 } // namespace sphaira::yati::container
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/nx/crypto.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/nx/crypto.hpp
@@ -54,4 +54,15 @@ static inline void cryptoAes128Xts(const void* in, void* out, const u8* key, u64
    Aes128Xts(key, is_encryptor).Run(out, in, sector, sector_size, data_size);
 }

+static inline void UpdateCtr(u8* counter, u64 offset) {
+    const u64 swp = __bswap64(offset >> 4);
+    std::memcpy(&counter[0x8], &swp, 0x8);
+}
+
+static inline void SetCtr(u8* counter, u64 ctr, u64 offset = 0) {
+    const u64 swp = __bswap64(ctr);
+    std::memcpy(&counter[0x0], &swp, 0x8);
+    UpdateCtr(counter, offset);
+}
+
 } // namespace sphaira::crypto
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/nx/es.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/nx/es.hpp
@@ -201,7 +201,8 @@ Result EncryptTitleKey(keys::KeyEntry& out, u8 key_gen, const keys::Keys& keys);

 Result ShouldPatchTicket(const TicketData& data, std::span<const u8> ticket, std::span<const u8> cert_chain, bool patch_personalised, bool& should_patch);
 Result ShouldPatchTicket(std::span<const u8> ticket, std::span<const u8> cert_chain, bool patch_personalised, bool& should_patch);
-Result PatchTicket(std::vector<u8>& ticket, std::span<const u8> cert_chain, u8 key_gen, const keys::Keys& keys, bool patch_personalised);
+// cert chain may be modified if the ticket is converted to common ticket.
+Result PatchTicket(std::vector<u8>& ticket, std::vector<u8>& cert_chain, u8 key_gen, const keys::Keys& keys, bool patch_personalised);

 // fills out with the list of common / personalised rights ids.
 Result GetCommonTickets(std::vector<FsRightsId>& out);
@@ -218,6 +219,11 @@ bool IsRightsIdFound(const FsRightsId& id, std::span<const FsRightsId> ids);
 // wrapper around ipc.
 Result GetCommonTicketAndCertificate(const FsRightsId& rights_id, std::vector<u8>& tik_out, std::vector<u8>& cert_out);
 // fetches data from system es save.
+Result GetPersonalisedTicketData(u64 *size_out, void *tik_data, u64 tik_size, const FsRightsId* rightsId);
 Result GetPersonalisedTicketAndCertificate(const FsRightsId& rights_id, std::vector<u8>& tik_out, std::vector<u8>& cert_out);

+// fills out with the decrypted title key.
+Result GetTitleKeyDecrypted(const FsRightsId& rights_id, u8 key_gen, const keys::Keys& keys, keys::KeyEntry& out);
+Result GetTitleKeyDecrypted(std::span<const u8> ticket, const FsRightsId& rights_id, u8 key_gen, const keys::Keys& keys, keys::KeyEntry& out);
+
 } // namespace sphaira::es
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/nx/nca.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/nx/nca.hpp
@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@
 #include "fs.hpp"
 #include "keys.hpp"
 #include "ncm.hpp"
+#include "yati/source/base.hpp"
+
 #include <switch.h>
 #include <vector>
+#include <memory>

 namespace sphaira::nca {

@@ -15,7 +18,7 @@ namespace sphaira::nca {
 #define NCA_SECTOR_SIZE             0x200
 #define NCA_XTS_SECTION_SIZE        0xC00
 #define NCA_SECTION_TOTAL           0x4
-#define NCA_MEDIA_REAL(x)((x * 0x200))
+#define NCA_MEDIA_REAL(x)((u64(x) * 0x200))

 #define NCA_PROGRAM_LOGO_OFFSET     0x8000
 #define NCA_META_CNMT_OFFSET        0xC20
@@ -94,6 +97,22 @@ struct SectionTableEntry {
    u32 media_end_offset;   // divided by 0x200.
    u8 _0x8[0x4];           // unknown.
    u8 _0xC[0x4];           // unknown.
+
+    auto IsValid() const -> bool {
+        return media_start_offset && media_end_offset;
+    }
+
+    auto GetOffset() const -> u64 {
+        return NCA_MEDIA_REAL(media_start_offset);
+    }
+
+    auto GetOffsetEnd() const -> u64 {
+        return NCA_MEDIA_REAL(media_end_offset);
+    }
+
+    auto GetSize() const -> u64 {
+        return GetOffsetEnd() - GetOffset();
+    }
 };

 struct LayerRegion {
@@ -139,6 +158,55 @@ static_assert(sizeof(HierarchicalSha256Data) == 0xF8);
 static_assert(sizeof(IntegrityMetaInfo) == 0xF8);
 static_assert(sizeof(HierarchicalSha256Data) == sizeof(IntegrityMetaInfo));

+struct BucketTreeHeader {
+    u32 magic; // BKTR
+    u32 version;
+    u32 count;
+    u8 _0xC[0x4];
+};
+
+struct PatchInfo {
+    u64 indirect_offset;
+    u64 indirect_size;
+    BucketTreeHeader indirect_header;
+    u64 aes_ctr_offset;
+    u64 aes_ctr_size;
+    BucketTreeHeader aes_ctr_header;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(PatchInfo) == 0x40);
+
+struct CompressionInfo {
+    u64 table_offset;
+    u64 table_size;
+    BucketTreeHeader table_header;
+    u8 _0x20[0x8];
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(CompressionInfo) == 0x28);
+
+struct BktrEntry {
+    u8 _0x0[0x4];
+    u32 count;
+    u64 size;
+    u64 offsets[0x3FF0 / sizeof(u64)];
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(BktrEntry) == 0x4000);
+
+struct NX_PACKED BktrRelocationEntry {
+    u64 patched_addr;
+    u64 source_addr;
+    u32 flag;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(BktrRelocationEntry) == 0x14);
+
+struct BktrRelocationBucket {
+    u8 _0x0[0x4];
+    u32 count;
+    u64 end_offset;
+    BktrRelocationEntry entries[0x3FF0 / sizeof(BktrRelocationEntry)];
+    u8 _[0x3FF0 % sizeof(BktrRelocationEntry)];
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(BktrRelocationBucket) == 0x4000);
+
 struct FsHeader {
    u16 version;           // always 2.
    u8 fs_type;            // see FileSystemType.
@@ -152,12 +220,16 @@ struct FsHeader {
        IntegrityMetaInfo integrity_meta_info; // used for romfs
    } hash_data;

-    u8 patch_info[0x40];
+    PatchInfo patch_info;
    u64 section_ctr;
    u8 spares_info[0x30];
-    u8 compression_info[0x28];
+    CompressionInfo compression_info;
    u8 meta_data_hash_data_info[0x30];
    u8 reserved[0x30];
+
+    auto IsValid() const -> bool {
+        return version == 2;
+    }
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(FsHeader) == 0x200);
 static_assert(sizeof(FsHeader::hash_data) == 0xF8);
@@ -203,6 +275,10 @@ struct Header {

    FsHeader fs_header[NCA_SECTION_TOTAL];

+    auto IsValid() const -> bool {
+        return magic == NCA3_MAGIC;
+    }
+
    auto GetKeyGeneration() const -> u8 {
        if (old_key_gen < key_gen) {
            return key_gen;
@@ -220,12 +296,25 @@ struct Header {
            key_gen = key_generation;
        }
    }
+
+    auto GetSectionCount() const -> u8 {
+        u8 count = 0;
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < NCA_SECTION_TOTAL; i++) {
+            if (!fs_header[i].IsValid() || !fs_table[i].IsValid()) {
+                break;
+            }
+            count++;
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(Header) == 0xC00);

 auto GetContentTypeStr(u8 content_type) -> const char*;
 auto GetDistributionTypeStr(u8 distribution_type) -> const char*;

+Result DecryptHeader(const void* in, const keys::Keys& keys, Header& out);
+
 Result DecryptKeak(const keys::Keys& keys, Header& header);
 Result EncryptKeak(const keys::Keys& keys, Header& header, u8 key_generation);
 Result VerifyFixedKey(const Header& header);
@@ -236,4 +325,52 @@ Result ParseControl(const fs::FsPath& path, u64 program_id, void* nacp_out = nul

 auto GetKeyGenStr(u8 key_gen) -> const char*;

+// finds and decrypts the title key, also decrypts header key area if needed.
+Result GetDecryptedTitleKey(Header& header, const keys::Keys& keys, keys::KeyEntry& out);
+// same as above but also checks the path for ticket.
+Result GetDecryptedTitleKey(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, Header& header, const keys::Keys& keys, keys::KeyEntry& out);
+
+// helpers.
+struct DecyptedData : yati::source::Base {
+    DecyptedData(u64 align, const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& source);
+    Result Read(void *_buf, s64 _off, s64 _size, u64* _bytes_read) override;
+    virtual Result SetCtr(u64 ctr) = 0;
+
+private:
+    virtual Result Decrypt(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) = 0;
+
+private:
+    std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base> m_source;
+    const u64 m_align;
+};
+
+// todo: add support for xts sections.
+struct DecyptedDataCtr final : DecyptedData {
+    DecyptedDataCtr(const void* key, u64 ctr, const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& source);
+    Result SetCtr(u64 ctr) override;
+
+private:
+    Result Decrypt(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) override;
+
+private:
+    Aes128CtrContext m_ctx{};
+    u8 m_ctr[AES_BLOCK_SIZE]{};
+};
+
+struct NcaReader final : yati::source::Base {
+    NcaReader(const nca::Header& decrypted_header, const void* key, u64 size, const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& source);
+    Result Read(void *_buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;
+    Result ReadEncrypted(void *_buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read);
+
+private:
+    Result ReadInternal(void *_buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read, bool decrypt);
+
+private:
+    const nca::Header m_header;
+    const u64 m_capacity;
+    std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base> m_source;
+    std::unique_ptr<DecyptedData> m_decryptor{};
+    u8 m_key[0x10]{};
+};
+
 } // namespace sphaira::nca
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/nx/ncm.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/nx/ncm.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include "fs.hpp"
+#include "yati/source/base.hpp"

 #include <switch.h>
 #include <vector>
@@ -82,4 +83,16 @@ static constexpr inline bool HasRequiredSystemVersion(const NcmContentMetaKey *k
 // fills program id and out path of the control nca.
 Result GetFsPathFromContentId(NcmContentStorage* cs, const NcmContentMetaKey& key, const NcmContentId& id, u64* out_program_id, fs::FsPath* out_path);

+// helper for reading nca from ncm.
+struct NcmSource final : yati::source::Base {
+    NcmSource(NcmContentStorage* cs, const NcmContentId* id);
+    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;
+    Result GetSize(s64* size);
+
+private:
+    NcmContentStorage m_cs;
+    NcmContentId m_id;
+    s64 m_size{};
+};
+
 } // namespace sphaira::ncm
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/nx/ncz.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/nx/ncz.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once

+#include "yati/source/base.hpp"
+#include "utils/lru.hpp"
+#include "defines.hpp"
+
 #include <switch.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
+#include <zstd.h>

 namespace sphaira::ncz {

@@ -8,7 +15,11 @@ namespace sphaira::ncz {
 // todo: byteswap this
 #define NCZ_BLOCK_MAGIC std::byteswap(0x4E435A424C4F434BUL)

-#define NCZ_SECTION_OFFSET (0x4000 + sizeof(ncz::Header))
+#define NCZ_BLOCK_VERSION (2)
+#define NCZ_BLOCK_TYPE (1)
+
+#define NCZ_NORMAL_SIZE    (0x4000)
+#define NCZ_SECTION_OFFSET (NCZ_NORMAL_SIZE + sizeof(ncz::Header))

 struct Header {
    u64 magic; // NCZ_SECTION_MAGIC
@@ -23,11 +34,21 @@ struct BlockHeader {
    u8 block_size_exponent;
    u32 total_blocks;
    u64 decompressed_size;
+
+    Result IsValid() const {
+        R_UNLESS(magic == NCZ_BLOCK_MAGIC, 9);
+        R_UNLESS(version == NCZ_BLOCK_VERSION, Result_YatiInvalidNczBlockVersion);
+        R_UNLESS(type == NCZ_BLOCK_TYPE, Result_YatiInvalidNczBlockType);
+        R_UNLESS(total_blocks, Result_YatiInvalidNczBlockTotal);
+        R_UNLESS(block_size_exponent >= 14 && block_size_exponent <= 32, Result_YatiInvalidNczBlockSizeExponent);
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
 };

 struct Block {
    u32 size;
 };
+using Blocks = std::vector<Block>;

 struct BlockInfo {
    u64 offset; // compressed offset.
@@ -50,5 +71,39 @@ struct Section {
        return off < offset + size && off >= offset;
    }
 };
+using Sections = std::vector<Section>;
+
+struct NczBlockReader final : yati::source::Base {
+    explicit NczBlockReader(const Header& header, const Sections& sections, const BlockHeader& block_header, const Blocks& blocks, u64 offset, const std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base>& source);
+    Result Read(void *_buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;
+
+private:
+    struct LruData {
+        s64 offset{};
+        std::vector<u8> data{};
+
+        auto InRange(u64 off) const -> bool {
+            return off < offset + data.size() && off >= offset;
+        }
+    };
+
+private:
+    Result ReadInternal(void *_buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read, bool decrypt);
+
+private:
+    const Header m_header;
+    const Sections m_sections;
+    const BlockHeader m_block_header;
+    const Blocks m_blocks;
+    const u64 m_block_offset;
+    std::shared_ptr<yati::source::Base> m_source;
+
+    u32 m_block_size{};
+    std::vector<BlockInfo> m_block_infos{};
+
+    // lru cache of blocks
+    std::vector<LruData> m_lru_data{};
+    utils::Lru<LruData> m_lru{};
+};

 } // namespace sphaira::ncz
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/source/base.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/source/base.hpp
@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ struct Base {
    // virtual Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) = 0;
    virtual Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) = 0;

+    Result Read2(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) {
+        u64 bytes_read;
+        return Read(buf, off, size, &bytes_read);
+    }
+
    virtual bool IsStream() const {
        return false;
    }
--- a/sphaira/include/yati/source/usb.hpp
+++ b/sphaira/include/yati/source/usb.hpp
@@ -1,42 +1,50 @@
 #pragma once

 #include "base.hpp"
-#include "fs.hpp"
-#include "usb/usbds.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_installer.hpp"

 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 #include <memory>
 #include <switch.h>

 namespace sphaira::yati::source {

 struct Usb final : Base {
-    Usb(u64 transfer_timeout);
-    ~Usb();
+    Usb(u64 transfer_timeout) {
+        m_usb = std::make_unique<usb::install::Usb>(transfer_timeout);
+    }

-    bool IsStream() const override;
-    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override;
-    Result Finished(u64 timeout);
+    void SignalCancel() override {
+        m_usb->SignalCancel();
+    }
+
+    bool IsStream() const override {
+        return m_usb->GetFlags() & usb::api::FLAG_STREAM;
+    }
+
+    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+        return m_usb->Read(buf, off, size, bytes_read);
+    }

    Result IsUsbConnected(u64 timeout) {
        return m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout);
    }

-    Result WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, std::vector<std::string>& out_names);
-    void SetFileNameForTranfser(const std::string& name);
+    Result WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, std::vector<std::string>& names) {
+        return m_usb->WaitForConnection(timeout, names);
+    }

-    void SignalCancel() override {
-        m_usb->Cancel();
+    Result OpenFile(u32 index, s64& file_size) {
+        return m_usb->OpenFile(index, file_size);
+    }
+
+    Result CloseFile() {
+        return m_usb->CloseFile();
    }

 private:
-    Result SendCmdHeader(u32 cmdId, size_t dataSize, u64 timeout);
-    Result SendFileRangeCmd(u64 offset, u64 size, u64 timeout);
-
-private:
-    std::unique_ptr<usb::UsbDs> m_usb;
-    std::string m_transfer_file_name{};
-    u8 m_flags{};
+    std::unique_ptr<usb::install::Usb> m_usb{};
 };

 } // namespace sphaira::yati::source
--- a/sphaira/source/app.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/app.cpp
--- a/sphaira/source/download.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/download.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "evman.hpp"
 #include "fs.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
+#include "utils/thread.hpp"

 #include <switch.h>
 #include <cstring>
@@ -32,8 +33,8 @@ namespace {
 constexpr auto API_AGENT = "TotalJustice";
 constexpr u64 CHUNK_SIZE = 1024*1024;
 constexpr auto MAX_THREADS = 4;
-constexpr int THREAD_PRIO = PRIO_PREEMPTIVE;
-constexpr int THREAD_CORE = 1;
+constexpr int THREAD_PRIO = 0x2F;
+constexpr int THREAD_CORE = 2;

 std::atomic_bool g_running{};
 CURLSH* g_curl_share{};
@@ -262,14 +263,17 @@ struct ThreadEntry {
        R_UNLESS(m_curl != nullptr, Result_CurlFailedEasyInit);

        ueventCreate(&m_uevent, true);
-        R_TRY(threadCreate(&m_thread, ThreadFunc, this, nullptr, 1024*32, THREAD_PRIO, THREAD_CORE));
-        R_TRY(svcSetThreadCoreMask(m_thread.handle, THREAD_CORE, THREAD_AFFINITY_DEFAULT(THREAD_CORE)));
+        R_TRY(utils::CreateThread(&m_thread, ThreadFunc, this, 1024*32));
        R_TRY(threadStart(&m_thread));
        R_SUCCEED();
    }

-    void Close() {
+    void SignalClose() {
        ueventSignal(&m_uevent);
+    }
+
+    void Close() {
+        SignalClose();
        threadWaitForExit(&m_thread);
        threadClose(&m_thread);
        if (m_curl) {
@@ -320,13 +324,17 @@ struct ThreadQueue {

    auto Create() -> Result {
        ueventCreate(&m_uevent, true);
-        R_TRY(threadCreate(&m_thread, ThreadFunc, this, nullptr, 1024*32, THREAD_PRIO, THREAD_CORE));
+        R_TRY(utils::CreateThread(&m_thread, ThreadFunc, this, 1024*32));
        R_TRY(threadStart(&m_thread));
        R_SUCCEED();
    }

-    void Close() {
+    void SignalClose() {
        ueventSignal(&m_uevent);
+    }
+
+    void Close() {
+        SignalClose();
        threadWaitForExit(&m_thread);
        threadClose(&m_thread);
    }
@@ -1049,6 +1057,12 @@ void ThreadEntry::ThreadFunc(void* p) {

 void ThreadQueue::ThreadFunc(void* p) {
    auto data = static_cast<ThreadQueue*>(p);
+
+    if (!g_cache.init()) {
+        log_write("failed to init json cache\n");
+    }
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(g_cache.exit());
+
    while (g_running) {
        auto rc = waitSingle(waiterForUEvent(&data->m_uevent), UINT64_MAX);
        log_write("[thread queue] woke up\n");
@@ -1141,16 +1155,22 @@ auto Init() -> bool {

    log_write("finished creating threads\n");

-    if (!g_cache.init()) {
-        log_write("failed to init json cache\n");
-    }
-
    return true;
 }

-void Exit() {
+void ExitSignal() {
    g_running = false;

+    g_thread_queue.SignalClose();
+
+    for (auto& entry : g_threads) {
+        entry.SignalClose();
+    }
+}
+
+void Exit() {
+    ExitSignal();
+
    g_thread_queue.Close();

    if (g_curl_single) {
@@ -1168,7 +1188,6 @@ void Exit() {
    }

    curl_global_cleanup();
-    g_cache.exit();
 }

 auto ToMemory(const Api& e) -> ApiResult {
--- a/sphaira/source/dumper.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/dumper.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "i18n.hpp"
 #include "location.hpp"
 #include "threaded_file_transfer.hpp"
+#include "haze_helper.hpp"

 #include "ui/sidebar.hpp"
 #include "ui/error_box.hpp"
@@ -18,29 +19,179 @@
 #include "yati/source/stream.hpp"

 #include "usb/usb_uploader.hpp"
-#include "usb/tinfoil.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_dumper.hpp"
+#include "usb/usbds.hpp"

 namespace sphaira::dump {
 namespace {

+struct ZipInternal {
+    WriteSource* writer;
+    s64 offset;
+    s64 size;
+    Result rc;
+};
+
+voidpf zopen64_file(voidpf opaque, const void* filename, int mode)
+{
+    ZipInternal* fs = (ZipInternal*)calloc(1, sizeof(*fs));
+    fs->writer = (WriteSource*)opaque;
+    return fs;
+}
+
+ZPOS64_T ztell64_file(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream)
+{
+    auto fs = (ZipInternal*)stream;
+    return fs->offset;
+}
+
+long zseek64_file(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream, ZPOS64_T offset, int origin)
+{
+    auto fs = (ZipInternal*)stream;
+    switch (origin) {
+        case SEEK_SET: {
+            fs->offset = offset;
+        } break;
+        case SEEK_CUR: {
+            fs->offset += offset;
+        } break;
+        case SEEK_END: {
+            fs->offset = fs->size + offset;
+        } break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+uLong zwrite_file(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream, const void* buf, uLong size) {
+    auto fs = (ZipInternal*)stream;
+
+    if (R_FAILED(fs->rc = fs->writer->Write(buf, fs->offset, size))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    fs->offset += size;
+    fs->size = std::max(fs->size, fs->offset);
+    return size;
+}
+
+int zclose_file(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream) {
+    if (stream) {
+        auto fs = (ZipInternal*)stream;
+        std::memset(fs, 0, sizeof(*fs));
+        std::free(fs);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int zerror_file(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream) {
+    auto fs = (ZipInternal*)stream;
+    if (R_FAILED(fs->rc)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+constexpr zlib_filefunc64_def zlib_filefunc = {
+    .zopen64_file = zopen64_file,
+    .zwrite_file = zwrite_file,
+    .ztell64_file = ztell64_file,
+    .zseek64_file = zseek64_file,
+    .zclose_file = zclose_file,
+    .zerror_file = zerror_file,
+};
+
 struct DumpLocationEntry {
    const DumpLocationType type;
    const char* name;
 };

+struct WriteFileSource final : WriteSource {
+    WriteFileSource(fs::File* file) : m_file{file} {
+    }
+
+    Result Write(const void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) override {
+        return m_file->Write(off, buf, size, FsWriteOption_None);
+    }
+
+    Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+        return m_file->SetSize(size);
+    }
+
+private:
+    fs::File* m_file;
+};
+
+struct WriteNullSource final : WriteSource {
+    Result Write(const void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) override {
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+    Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+};
+
+struct WriteUsbSource final : WriteSource {
+    WriteUsbSource(u64 transfer_timeout) {
+        // disable mtp if enabled.
+        m_was_mtp_enabled = haze::IsInit();
+        if (m_was_mtp_enabled) {
+            haze::Exit();
+        }
+
+        m_usb = std::make_unique<usb::dump::Usb>(transfer_timeout);
+    }
+
+    ~WriteUsbSource() {
+        m_usb.reset();
+
+        if (m_was_mtp_enabled) {
+            haze::Init();
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result WaitForConnection(std::string_view path, u64 timeout) {
+        return m_usb->WaitForConnection(path, timeout);
+    }
+
+    Result CloseFile() {
+        return m_usb->CloseFile();
+    }
+
+    Result Write(const void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) override {
+        return m_usb->Write(buf, off, size);
+    }
+
+    Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::unique_ptr<usb::dump::Usb> m_usb{};
+    bool m_was_mtp_enabled{};
+};
+
 constexpr DumpLocationEntry DUMP_LOCATIONS[]{
    { DumpLocationType_SdCard, "microSD card (/dumps/)" },
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
+    { DumpLocationType_Usb, "USB export to PC (usb_export.py)" },
    { DumpLocationType_UsbS2S, "USB transfer (Switch 2 Switch)" },
-#endif
    { DumpLocationType_DevNull, "/dev/null (Speed Test)" },
 };

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 struct UsbTest final : usb::upload::Usb, yati::source::Stream {
-    UsbTest(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source) : Usb{UINT64_MAX} {
-        m_pbox = pbox;
-        m_source = source;
+    UsbTest(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths)
+    : Usb{UINT64_MAX}
+    , m_pbox{pbox}
+    , m_source{source}
+    , m_paths{paths} {
+
+    }
+
+    auto& GetPath(u32 index) const {
+        return m_paths[index];
+    }
+
+    auto& GetPath() const {
+        return GetPath(m_current_file_index);
    }

    Result ReadChunk(void* buf, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
@@ -49,26 +200,33 @@ struct UsbTest final : usb::upload::Usb, yati::source::Stream {
        R_SUCCEED();
    }

-    Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+    Result Read(void* buf, u64 off, u32 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
        if (m_pull) {
            return Stream::Read(buf, off, size, bytes_read);
        } else {
-            return ReadInternal(path, buf, off, size, bytes_read);
+            return ReadInternal(GetPath(), buf, off, size, bytes_read);
        }
    }

-    Result ReadInternal(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) {
-        if (m_path != path) {
-            m_path = path;
-            m_progress = 0;
-            m_pull_offset = 0;
-            Stream::Reset();
-            m_size = m_source->GetSize(path);
-            m_pbox->SetImage(m_source->GetIcon(path));
-            m_pbox->SetTitle(m_source->GetName(path));
-            m_pbox->NewTransfer(m_path);
-        }
+    Result Open(u32 index, s64& out_size, u16& out_flags) override {
+        const auto path = m_paths[index];
+        const auto size = m_source->GetSize(path);

+        m_progress = 0;
+        m_pull_offset = 0;
+        Stream::Reset();
+        m_size = size;
+        m_pbox->SetImage(m_source->GetIcon(path));
+        m_pbox->SetTitle(m_source->GetName(path));
+        m_pbox->NewTransfer(path);
+
+        m_current_file_index = index;
+        out_size = size;
+        out_flags = usb::api::FLAG_STREAM;
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    Result ReadInternal(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) {
        R_TRY(m_source->Read(path, buf, off, size, bytes_read));

        m_offset += *bytes_read;
@@ -93,16 +251,55 @@ struct UsbTest final : usb::upload::Usb, yati::source::Stream {
 private:
    ui::ProgressBox* m_pbox{};
    BaseSource* m_source{};
-    std::string m_path{};
+    std::span<const fs::FsPath> m_paths{};
    thread::PullCallback m_pull{};
    s64 m_offset{};
    s64 m_size{};
    s64 m_progress{};
    s64 m_pull_offset{};
+    u32 m_current_file_index{};
 };
-#endif

-Result DumpToFile(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& root, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths) {
+Result DumpToUsb(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
+    auto write_source = std::make_unique<WriteUsbSource>(3e+9);
+
+    for (const auto& path : paths) {
+        const auto file_size = source->GetSize(path);
+        pbox->SetImage(source->GetIcon(path));
+        pbox->SetTitle(source->GetName(path));
+        pbox->NewTransfer("Waiting for USB connection...");
+
+        // wait until usb is ready.
+        while (true) {
+            R_TRY(pbox->ShouldExitResult());
+
+            const auto rc = write_source->WaitForConnection(path, 3e+9);
+            if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        pbox->NewTransfer(path);
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(write_source->CloseFile());
+
+        if (custom_transfer) {
+            R_TRY(custom_transfer(pbox, source, write_source.get(), path));
+        } else {
+            R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, file_size,
+                [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
+                    return source->Read(path, data, off, size, bytes_read);
+                },
+                [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
+                    return write_source->Write(data, off, size);
+                }
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result DumpToFile(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& root, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
    const auto is_file_based_emummc = App::IsFileBaseEmummc();

    for (const auto& path : paths) {
@@ -122,19 +319,24 @@ Result DumpToFile(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& root, Bas
        {
            fs::File file;
            R_TRY(fs->OpenFile(temp_path, FsOpenMode_Write, &file));
+            auto write_source = std::make_unique<WriteFileSource>(&file);

-            R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, file_size,
-                [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
-                    return source->Read(path, data, off, size, bytes_read);
-                },
-                [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
-                    const auto rc = file.Write(off, data, size, FsWriteOption_None);
-                    if (is_file_based_emummc) {
-                        svcSleepThread(2e+6); // 2ms
+            if (custom_transfer) {
+                R_TRY(custom_transfer(pbox, source, write_source.get(), path));
+            } else {
+                R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, file_size,
+                    [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
+                        return source->Read(path, data, off, size, bytes_read);
+                    },
+                    [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
+                        const auto rc = write_source->Write(data, off, size);
+                        if (is_file_based_emummc) {
+                            svcSleepThread(2e+6); // 2ms
+                        }
+                        return rc;
                    }
-                    return rc;
-                }
-            ));
+                ));
+            }
        }

        fs->DeleteFile(base_path);
@@ -144,53 +346,50 @@ Result DumpToFile(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& root, Bas
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-Result DumpToFileNative(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths) {
+Result DumpToFileNative(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
    fs::FsNativeSd fs{};
-    return DumpToFile(pbox, &fs, "/", source, paths);
+    return DumpToFile(pbox, &fs, "/", source, paths, custom_transfer);
 }

-Result DumpToStdio(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, const location::StdioEntry& loc, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths) {
+Result DumpToStdio(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, const location::StdioEntry& loc, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
    fs::FsStdio fs{};
-    return DumpToFile(pbox, &fs, loc.mount, source, paths);
+    return DumpToFile(pbox, &fs, loc.mount, source, paths, custom_transfer);
 }

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-Result DumpToUsbS2SStream(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, UsbTest* usb, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths) {
+Result DumpToUsbS2SInternal(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, UsbTest* usb) {
    auto source = usb->GetSource();

-    for (auto& path : paths) {
+    while (!pbox->ShouldExit()) {
+        R_TRY(usb->PollCommands());
+
+        const auto path = usb->GetPath();
        const auto file_size = source->GetSize(path);

        R_TRY(thread::TransferPull(pbox, file_size,
            [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
                return usb->ReadInternal(path, data, off, size, bytes_read);
            },
-            [&](thread::StartThreadCallback start, thread::PullCallback pull) -> Result {
+            [&](const thread::StartThreadCallback& start, const thread::PullCallback& pull) -> Result {
                usb->SetPullCallback(pull);
                R_TRY(start());

                while (!pbox->ShouldExit()) {
-                    R_TRY(usb->PollCommands());
-
-                    if (usb->GetPullOffset() >= file_size) {
-                        R_SUCCEED();
+                    const auto rc = usb->file_transfer_loop();
+                    if (R_FAILED(rc)) {
+                        if (rc == Result_UsbUploadExit) {
+                            break;
+                        } else {
+                            R_THROW(rc);
+                        }
                    }
                }

-                R_THROW(0xFFFF);
+                return pbox->ShouldExitResult();
            }
        ));
    }

-    R_SUCCEED();
-}
-
-Result DumpToUsbS2SRandom(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, UsbTest* usb) {
-    while (!pbox->ShouldExit()) {
-        R_TRY(usb->PollCommands());
-    }
-
-    R_THROW(0xFFFF);
+    return pbox->ShouldExitResult();
 }

 Result DumpToUsbS2S(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths) {
@@ -199,27 +398,16 @@ Result DumpToUsbS2S(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const f
        file_list.emplace_back(path);
    }

-    // auto usb = std::make_unique<UsbTest>(pbox, entries);
-    auto usb = std::make_unique<UsbTest>(pbox, source);
-    constexpr u64 timeout = 1e+9;
+    auto usb = std::make_unique<UsbTest>(pbox, source, paths);
+    constexpr u64 timeout = 3e+9;

    while (!pbox->ShouldExit()) {
        if (R_SUCCEEDED(usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout))) {
            pbox->NewTransfer("USB connected, sending file list"_i18n);
-            u8 flags = usb::tinfoil::USBFlag_NONE;
-            if (App::GetApp()->m_dump_usb_transfer_stream.Get()) {
-                flags |= usb::tinfoil::USBFlag_STREAM;
-            }
-
-            if (R_SUCCEEDED(usb->WaitForConnection(timeout, flags, file_list))) {
+            if (R_SUCCEEDED(usb->WaitForConnection(timeout, file_list))) {
                pbox->NewTransfer("Sent file list, waiting for command..."_i18n);

-                Result rc;
-                if (flags & usb::tinfoil::USBFlag_STREAM) {
-                    rc = DumpToUsbS2SStream(pbox, usb.get(), paths);
-                } else {
-                    rc = DumpToUsbS2SRandom(pbox, usb.get());
-                }
+                Result rc = DumpToUsbS2SInternal(pbox, usb.get());

                // wait for exit command.
                if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
@@ -242,11 +430,10 @@ Result DumpToUsbS2S(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const f
        }
    }

-    R_THROW(0xFFFF);
+    return pbox->ShouldExitResult();
 }
-#endif

-Result DumpToDevNull(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths) {
+Result DumpToDevNull(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
    for (auto path : paths) {
        R_TRY(pbox->ShouldExitResult());

@@ -255,14 +442,20 @@ Result DumpToDevNull(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, BaseSource* source, std::span<const
        pbox->SetTitle(source->GetName(path));
        pbox->NewTransfer(path);

-        R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, file_size,
-            [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
-                return source->Read(path, data, off, size, bytes_read);
-            },
-            [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
-                R_SUCCEED();
-            }
-        ));
+        auto write_source = std::make_unique<WriteNullSource>();
+
+        if (custom_transfer) {
+            R_TRY(custom_transfer(pbox, source, write_source.get(), path));
+        } else {
+            R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, file_size,
+                [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
+                    return source->Read(path, data, off, size, bytes_read);
+                },
+                [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
+                    return write_source->Write(data, off, size);
+                }
+            ));
+        }
    }

    R_SUCCEED();
@@ -318,13 +511,13 @@ Result DumpToNetwork(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, const location::Entry& loc, BaseSour

 } // namespace

-void DumpGetLocation(const std::string& title, u32 location_flags, const OnLocation& on_loc) {
+void DumpGetLocation(const std::string& title, u32 location_flags, const OnLocation& on_loc, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
    DumpLocation out;
    ui::PopupList::Items items;
    std::vector<DumpEntry> dump_entries;

    out.network = location::Load();
-    if (location_flags & (1 << DumpLocationType_Network)) {
+    if (!custom_transfer && location_flags & (1 << DumpLocationType_Network)) {
        for (s32 i = 0; i < std::size(out.network); i++) {
            dump_entries.emplace_back(DumpLocationType_Network, i);
            items.emplace_back(out.network[i].name);
@@ -341,36 +534,45 @@ void DumpGetLocation(const std::string& title, u32 location_flags, const OnLocat

    for (s32 i = 0; i < std::size(DUMP_LOCATIONS); i++) {
        if (location_flags & (1 << DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].type)) {
-            dump_entries.emplace_back(DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].type, i);
-            items.emplace_back(i18n::get(DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].name));
+            log_write("[dump] got name: %s\n", DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].name);
+            if (!custom_transfer || DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].type != DumpLocationType_UsbS2S) {
+                log_write("[dump] got name 2: %s\n", DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].name);
+                dump_entries.emplace_back(DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].type, i);
+                items.emplace_back(i18n::get(DUMP_LOCATIONS[i].name));
+            }
        }
    }

    App::Push<ui::PopupList>(
        title, items, [dump_entries, out, on_loc](auto op_index) mutable {
            out.entry = dump_entries[*op_index];
+            log_write("got entry: %u index: %zu\n", out.entry.type, *op_index);
            on_loc(out);
        }
    );
 }

-void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& location, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const OnExit& on_exit) {
-    App::Push<ui::ProgressBox>(0, "Exporting"_i18n, "", [source, paths, location](auto pbox) -> Result {
-        if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_Network) {
-            R_TRY(DumpToNetwork(pbox, location.network[location.entry.index], source.get(), paths));
-        } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_Stdio) {
-            R_TRY(DumpToStdio(pbox, location.stdio[location.entry.index], source.get(), paths));
-        } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_SdCard) {
-            R_TRY(DumpToFileNative(pbox, source.get(), paths));
-        } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_UsbS2S) {
-            #if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-            R_TRY(DumpToUsbS2S(pbox, source.get(), paths));
-            #endif
-        } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_DevNull) {
-            R_TRY(DumpToDevNull(pbox, source.get(), paths));
-        }
+Result Dump(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& location, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
+    if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_Network) {
+        R_TRY(DumpToNetwork(pbox, location.network[location.entry.index], source.get(), paths));
+    } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_Stdio) {
+        R_TRY(DumpToStdio(pbox, location.stdio[location.entry.index], source.get(), paths, custom_transfer));
+    } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_SdCard) {
+        R_TRY(DumpToFileNative(pbox, source.get(), paths, custom_transfer));
+    } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_Usb) {
+        R_TRY(DumpToUsb(pbox, source.get(), paths, custom_transfer));
+    } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_UsbS2S) {
+        R_TRY(DumpToUsbS2S(pbox, source.get(), paths));
+    } else if (location.entry.type == DumpLocationType_DevNull) {
+        R_TRY(DumpToDevNull(pbox, source.get(), paths, custom_transfer));
+    }

-        R_SUCCEED();
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& location, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const OnExit& on_exit, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer) {
+    App::Push<ui::ProgressBox>(0, "Exporting"_i18n, "", [source, paths, location, custom_transfer](auto pbox) -> Result {
+        return Dump(pbox, source, location, paths, custom_transfer);
    }, [on_exit](Result rc){
        App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Export failed!"_i18n);

@@ -379,7 +581,9 @@ void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const DumpLocation& locatio
            log_write("dump successfull!!!\n");
        }

-        on_exit(rc);
+        if (on_exit) {
+            on_exit(rc);
+        }
    });
 }

@@ -389,4 +593,15 @@ void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const std::vector<fs::FsPat
    });
 }

+void Dump(const std::shared_ptr<BaseSource>& source, const std::vector<fs::FsPath>& paths, const CustomTransfer& custom_transfer, const OnExit& on_exit, u32 location_flags) {
+    DumpGetLocation("Select export location"_i18n, location_flags, [source, paths, on_exit, custom_transfer](const DumpLocation& loc) {
+        Dump(source, loc, paths, on_exit, custom_transfer);
+    }, custom_transfer);
+}
+
+void FileFuncWriter(WriteSource* writer, zlib_filefunc64_def* funcs) {
+    *funcs = zlib_filefunc;
+    funcs->opaque = writer;
+}
+
 } // namespace sphaira::dump
--- a/sphaira/source/fatfs.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/fatfs.cpp
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include "utils/devoptab.hpp"
+#include "utils/devoptab_common.hpp"
 #include "fatfs.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
@@ -6,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <span>
+#include <memory>

 #include <cstring>
 #include <cstdio>
@@ -15,98 +18,77 @@
 namespace sphaira::fatfs {
 namespace {

+auto is_archive(BYTE attr) -> bool {
+    const auto archive_attr = AM_DIR | AM_ARC;
+    return (attr & archive_attr) == archive_attr;
+}
+
 // todo: replace with off+size and have the data be in another struct
 // in order to be more lcache efficient.
-struct BufferedFileData {
-    u8* data{};
-    u64 off{};
-    u64 size{};
+struct FsStorageSource final : yati::source::Base {
+    FsStorageSource(FsStorage* s) : m_s{*s} {

-    ~BufferedFileData() {
-        if (data) {
-            free(data);
-        }
    }

-    void Allocate(u64 new_size) {
-        data = (u8*)realloc(data, new_size * sizeof(*data));
-        off = 0;
-        size = 0;
-    }
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-struct LinkedList {
-    T* data;
-    LinkedList* next;
-    LinkedList* prev;
-};
-
-constexpr u64 CACHE_LARGE_ALLOC_SIZE = 1024 * 512;
-constexpr u64 CACHE_LARGE_SIZE = 1024 * 16;
-
-template<typename T>
-struct Lru {
-    using ListEntry = LinkedList<T>;
-
-    // pass span of the data.
-    void Init(std::span<T> data) {
-        list_flat_array.clear();
-        list_flat_array.resize(data.size());
-
-        auto list_entry = list_head = list_flat_array.data();
-
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
-            list_entry = list_flat_array.data() + i;
-            list_entry->data = data.data() + i;
-
-            if (i + 1 < data.size()) {
-                list_entry->next = &list_flat_array[i + 1];
-            }
-            if (i) {
-                list_entry->prev = &list_flat_array[i - 1];
-            }
-        }
-
-        list_tail = list_entry->prev->next;
+    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+        R_TRY(fsStorageRead(&m_s, off, buf, size));
+        *bytes_read = size;
+        R_SUCCEED();
    }

-    // moves entry to the front of the list.
-    void Update(ListEntry* entry) {
-        // only update position if we are not the head.
-        if (list_head != entry) {
-            entry->prev->next = entry->next;
-            if (entry->next) {
-                entry->next->prev = entry->prev;
-            } else {
-                list_tail = entry->prev;
-            }
-
-            // update head.
-            auto head_temp = list_head;
-            list_head = entry;
-            list_head->prev = nullptr;
-            list_head->next = head_temp;
-            head_temp->prev = list_head;
-        }
+    Result GetSize(s64* size) {
+        return fsStorageGetSize(&m_s, size);
    }

-    // moves last entry (tail) to the front of the list.
-    auto GetNextFree() {
-        Update(list_tail);
-        return list_head->data;
-    }
-
-    auto begin() const { return list_head; }
-    auto end() const { return list_tail; }
-
 private:
-    ListEntry* list_head{};
-    ListEntry* list_tail{};
-    std::vector<ListEntry> list_flat_array{};
+    FsStorage m_s;
 };

-using LruBufferedData = Lru<BufferedFileData>;
+struct File {
+    FIL* files;
+    u32 file_count;
+    size_t off;
+    char path[256];
+};
+
+struct Dir {
+    FDIR dir;
+    char path[256];
+};
+
+u64 get_size_from_files(const File* file) {
+    u64 size = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < file->file_count; i++) {
+        size += f_size(&file->files[i]);
+    }
+    return size;
+}
+
+FIL* get_current_file(File* file) {
+    auto off = file->off;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < file->file_count; i++) {
+        auto fil = &file->files[i];
+        if (off <= f_size(fil)) {
+            return fil;
+        }
+        off -= f_size(fil);
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+// adjusts current file pos and sets the rest of files to 0.
+void set_current_file_pos(File* file) {
+    s64 off = file->off;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < file->file_count; i++) {
+        auto fil = &file->files[i];
+        if (off >= 0 && off < f_size(fil)) {
+            f_lseek(fil, off);
+        } else {
+            f_rewind(fil);
+        }
+        off -= f_size(fil);
+    }
+}

 enum BisMountType {
    BisMountType_PRODINFOF,
@@ -117,10 +99,7 @@ enum BisMountType {

 struct FatStorageEntry {
    FsStorage storage;
-    s64 storage_size;
-    LruBufferedData lru_cache[2];
-    BufferedFileData buffered_small[1024]; // 1MiB (usually).
-    BufferedFileData buffered_large[2];    // 1MiB
+    std::unique_ptr<devoptab::common::LruBufferedData> buffered;
    FATFS fs;
    devoptab_t devoptab;
 };
@@ -141,93 +120,39 @@ static_assert(std::size(BIS_MOUNT_ENTRIES) == FF_VOLUMES);

 FatStorageEntry g_fat_storage[FF_VOLUMES];

-Result ReadStorage(FsStorage* storage, std::span<LruBufferedData> lru_cache, void *_buffer, u64 file_off, u64 read_size, u64 capacity) {
-    // log_write("[FATFS] read offset: %zu size: %zu\n", file_off, read_size);
-    auto dst = static_cast<u8*>(_buffer);
-    size_t amount = 0;
-
-    R_UNLESS(file_off < capacity, FsError_UnsupportedOperateRangeForFileStorage);
-    read_size = std::min(read_size, capacity - file_off);
-
-    // fatfs reads in max 16k chunks.
-    // knowing this, it's possible to detect large file reads by simply checking if
-    // the read size is 16k (or more, maybe in the furter).
-    // however this would destroy random access performance, such as fetching 512 bytes.
-    // the fix was to have 2 LRU caches, one for large data and the other for small (anything below 16k).
-    // the results in file reads 32MB -> 184MB and directory listing is instant.
-    const auto large_read = read_size >= 1024 * 16;
-    auto& lru = large_read ? lru_cache[1] : lru_cache[0];
-
-    for (auto list = lru.begin(); list; list = list->next) {
-        const auto& m_buffered = list->data;
-        if (m_buffered->size) {
-            // check if we can read this data into the beginning of dst.
-            if (file_off < m_buffered->off + m_buffered->size && file_off >= m_buffered->off) {
-                const auto off = file_off - m_buffered->off;
-                const auto size = std::min<s64>(read_size, m_buffered->size - off);
-                if (size) {
-                    // log_write("[FAT] cache HIT at: %zu\n", file_off);
-                    std::memcpy(dst, m_buffered->data + off, size);
-
-                    read_size -= size;
-                    file_off += size;
-                    amount += size;
-                    dst += size;
-
-                    lru.Update(list);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (read_size) {
-        // log_write("[FAT] cache miss at: %zu %zu\n", file_off, read_size);
-
-        auto alloc_size = large_read ? CACHE_LARGE_ALLOC_SIZE : std::max<u64>(read_size, 512);
-        alloc_size = std::min(alloc_size, capacity - file_off);
-
-        auto m_buffered = lru.GetNextFree();
-        m_buffered->Allocate(alloc_size);
-
-        // if the dst is big enough, read data in place.
-        if (read_size > alloc_size) {
-            R_TRY(fsStorageRead(storage, file_off, dst, read_size));
-            const auto bytes_read = read_size;
-            read_size -= bytes_read;
-            file_off += bytes_read;
-            amount += bytes_read;
-            dst += bytes_read;
-
-            // save the last chunk of data to the m_buffered io.
-            const auto max_advance = std::min<u64>(amount, alloc_size);
-            m_buffered->off = file_off - max_advance;
-            m_buffered->size = max_advance;
-            std::memcpy(m_buffered->data, dst - max_advance, max_advance);
-        } else {
-            R_TRY(fsStorageRead(storage, file_off, m_buffered->data, alloc_size));
-			const auto bytes_read = alloc_size;
-			const auto max_advance = std::min<u64>(read_size, bytes_read);
-            std::memcpy(dst, m_buffered->data, max_advance);
-
-            m_buffered->off = file_off;
-            m_buffered->size = bytes_read;
-
-            read_size -= max_advance;
-            file_off += max_advance;
-            amount += max_advance;
-            dst += max_advance;
-        }
-    }
-
-    R_SUCCEED();
-}
-
-void fill_stat(const FILINFO* fno, struct stat *st) {
+void fill_stat(const char* path, const FILINFO* fno, struct stat *st) {
    memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));

    st->st_nlink = 1;

+    struct tm tm{};
+    tm.tm_sec = (fno->ftime & 0x1F) << 1;
+    tm.tm_min = (fno->ftime >> 5) & 0x3F;
+    tm.tm_hour = (fno->ftime >> 11);
+    tm.tm_mday = (fno->fdate & 0x1F);
+    tm.tm_mon = ((fno->fdate >> 5) & 0xF) - 1;
+    tm.tm_year = (fno->fdate >> 9) + 80;
+
+    st->st_atime = mktime(&tm);
+    st->st_mtime = st->st_atime;
+    st->st_ctime = st->st_atime;
+
+    // fake file.
+    if (path && is_archive(fno->fattrib)) {
+        st->st_size = 0;
+        char file_path[256];
+        for (u16 i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+            std::snprintf(file_path, sizeof(file_path), "%s/%02u", path, i);
+            FILINFO file_info;
+            if (FR_OK != f_stat(file_path, &file_info)) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            st->st_size += file_info.fsize;
+        }
+
+        st->st_mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH;
+    } else
    if (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) {
        st->st_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH;
    } else {
@@ -242,64 +167,126 @@ static int set_errno(struct _reent *r, int err) {
 }

 int fat_open(struct _reent *r, void *fileStruct, const char *path, int flags, int mode) {
-    memset(fileStruct, 0, sizeof(FIL));
+    auto file = static_cast<File*>(fileStruct);
+    std::memset(file, 0, sizeof(*file));

-    if (FR_OK != f_open((FIL*)fileStruct, path, FA_READ)) {
+    // todo: init array
+    // todo: handle dir.
+    FIL fil{};
+    if (FR_OK == f_open(&fil, path, FA_READ)) {
+        file->file_count = 1;
+        file->files = (FIL*)std::malloc(sizeof(*file->files));
+        std::memcpy(file->files, &fil, sizeof(*file->files));
+        // todo: check what error code is returned here.
+    } else {
+        FILINFO info{};
+        if (FR_OK != f_stat(path, &info)) {
+            return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
+        }
+
+        if (!(info.fattrib & AM_ARC)) {
+            return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
+        }
+
+        char file_path[256];
+        for (u16 i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+            std::memset(&fil, 0, sizeof(fil));
+            std::snprintf(file_path, sizeof(file_path), "%s/%02u", path, i);
+
+            if (FR_OK != f_open(&fil, file_path, FA_READ)) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            file->files = (FIL*)std::realloc(file->files, (i + 1) * sizeof(*file->files));
+            std::memcpy(&file->files[i], &fil, sizeof(fil));
+            file->file_count++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!file->files) {
        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
    }
+
+    std::snprintf(file->path, sizeof(file->path), "%s", path);
    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

 int fat_close(struct _reent *r, void *fd) {
-    if (FR_OK != f_close((FIL*)fd)) {
-        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
+    auto file = static_cast<File*>(fd);
+
+    if (file->files) {
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < file->file_count; i++) {
+            f_close(&file->files[i]);
+        }
+        free(file->files);
    }
+
    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

 ssize_t fat_read(struct _reent *r, void *fd, char *ptr, size_t len) {
-    UINT bytes_read;
-    if (FR_OK != f_read((FIL*)fd, ptr, len, &bytes_read)) {
-        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
+    auto file = static_cast<File*>(fd);
+    UINT total_bytes_read = 0;
+
+    while (len) {
+        UINT bytes_read;
+        auto fil = get_current_file(file);
+        if (!fil) {
+            log_write("[FATFS] failed to get fil\n");
+            return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
+        }
+
+        if (FR_OK != f_read(fil, ptr, len, &bytes_read)) {
+            return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
+        }
+
+        if (!bytes_read) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        len -= bytes_read;
+        file->off += bytes_read;
+        total_bytes_read += bytes_read;
    }

-    return bytes_read;
+    return total_bytes_read;
 }

 off_t fat_seek(struct _reent *r, void *fd, off_t pos, int dir) {
+    auto file = static_cast<File*>(fd);
+    const auto size = get_size_from_files(file);
+
    if (dir == SEEK_CUR) {
-        pos += f_tell((FIL*)fd);
+        pos += file->off;
    } else if (dir == SEEK_END) {
-        pos = f_size((FIL*)fd);
+        pos = size;
    }

-    if (FR_OK != f_lseek((FIL*)fd, pos)) {
-        set_errno(r, ENOENT);
-        return 0;
-    }
+    file->off = std::clamp<u64>(pos, 0, size);
+    set_current_file_pos(file);

    r->_errno = 0;
-    return f_tell((FIL*)fd);
+    return file->off;
 }

 int fat_fstat(struct _reent *r, void *fd, struct stat *st) {
-    const FIL* file = (FIL*)fd;
+    auto file = static_cast<File*>(fd);

    /* Only fill the attr and size field, leaving the timestamp blank. */
-    FILINFO info = {0};
-    info.fattrib = file->obj.attr;
-    info.fsize = file->obj.objsize;
+    FILINFO info{};
+    info.fsize = get_size_from_files(file);

    /* Fill stat info. */
-    fill_stat(&info, st);
+    fill_stat(nullptr, &info, st);

    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

 DIR_ITER* fat_diropen(struct _reent *r, DIR_ITER *dirState, const char *path) {
-    memset(dirState->dirStruct, 0, sizeof(FDIR));
+    auto dir = static_cast<Dir*>(dirState->dirStruct);
+    std::memset(dir, 0, sizeof(*dir));

-    if (FR_OK != f_opendir((FDIR*)dirState->dirStruct, path)) {
+    if (FR_OK != f_opendir(&dir->dir, path)) {
        set_errno(r, ENOENT);
        return NULL;
    }
@@ -309,15 +296,20 @@ DIR_ITER* fat_diropen(struct _reent *r, DIR_ITER *dirState, const char *path) {
 }

 int fat_dirreset(struct _reent *r, DIR_ITER *dirState) {
-    if (FR_OK != f_rewinddir((FDIR*)dirState->dirStruct)) {
+    auto dir = static_cast<Dir*>(dirState->dirStruct);
+
+    if (FR_OK != f_rewinddir(&dir->dir)) {
        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
    }
+
    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

 int fat_dirnext(struct _reent *r, DIR_ITER *dirState, char *filename, struct stat *filestat) {
+    auto dir = static_cast<Dir*>(dirState->dirStruct);
    FILINFO fno{};
-    if (FR_OK != f_readdir((FDIR*)dirState->dirStruct, &fno)) {
+
+    if (FR_OK != f_readdir(&dir->dir, &fno)) {
        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
    }

@@ -326,15 +318,18 @@ int fat_dirnext(struct _reent *r, DIR_ITER *dirState, char *filename, struct sta
    }

    strcpy(filename, fno.fname);
-    fill_stat(&fno, filestat);
+    fill_stat(dir->path, &fno, filestat);

    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

 int fat_dirclose(struct _reent *r, DIR_ITER *dirState) {
-    if (FR_OK != f_closedir((FDIR*)dirState->dirStruct)) {
+    auto dir = static_cast<Dir*>(dirState->dirStruct);
+
+    if (FR_OK != f_closedir(&dir->dir)) {
        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
    }
+
    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

@@ -357,19 +352,19 @@ int fat_lstat(struct _reent *r, const char *file, struct stat *st) {
        return set_errno(r, ENOENT);
    }

-    fill_stat(&fno, st);
+    fill_stat(file, &fno, st);
    return r->_errno = 0;
 }

 constexpr devoptab_t DEVOPTAB = {
-    .structSize   = sizeof(FIL),
+    .structSize   = sizeof(File),
    .open_r       = fat_open,
    .close_r      = fat_close,
    .read_r       = fat_read,
    .seek_r       = fat_seek,
    .fstat_r      = fat_fstat,
    .stat_r       = fat_lstat,
-    .dirStateSize = sizeof(FDIR),
+    .dirStateSize = sizeof(Dir),
    .diropen_r    = fat_diropen,
    .dirreset_r   = fat_dirreset,
    .dirnext_r    = fat_dirnext,
@@ -378,37 +373,55 @@ constexpr devoptab_t DEVOPTAB = {
    .lstat_r      = fat_lstat,
 };

+Mutex g_mutex{};
+bool g_is_init{};
+
 } // namespace

 Result MountAll() {
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
+
+    if (g_is_init) {
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
    for (u32 i = 0; i < FF_VOLUMES; i++) {
        auto& fat = g_fat_storage[i];
        const auto& bis = BIS_MOUNT_ENTRIES[i];

-        log_write("[FAT] %s\n", bis.volume_name);
-
-        fat.lru_cache[0].Init(fat.buffered_small);
-        fat.lru_cache[1].Init(fat.buffered_large);
+        // log_write("[FAT] %s\n", bis.volume_name);

        fat.devoptab = DEVOPTAB;
        fat.devoptab.name = bis.volume_name;
        fat.devoptab.deviceData = &fat;

        R_TRY(fsOpenBisStorage(&fat.storage, bis.id));
-        R_TRY(fsStorageGetSize(&fat.storage, &fat.storage_size));
-        log_write("[FAT] BIS SUCCESS %s\n", bis.volume_name);
+        auto source = std::make_shared<FsStorageSource>(&fat.storage);
+
+        s64 size;
+        R_TRY(source->GetSize(&size));
+        // log_write("[FAT] BIS SUCCESS %s\n", bis.volume_name);
+
+        fat.buffered = std::make_unique<devoptab::common::LruBufferedData>(source, size);

        R_UNLESS(FR_OK == f_mount(&fat.fs, bis.mount_name, 1), 0x1);
-        log_write("[FAT] MOUNT SUCCESS %s\n", bis.volume_name);
+        // log_write("[FAT] MOUNT SUCCESS %s\n", bis.volume_name);

        R_UNLESS(AddDevice(&fat.devoptab) >= 0, 0x1);
-        log_write("[FAT] DEVICE SUCCESS %s\n", bis.volume_name);
+        // log_write("[FAT] DEVICE SUCCESS %s\n", bis.volume_name);
    }

+    g_is_init = true;
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

 void UnmountAll() {
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
+
+    if (!g_is_init) {
+        return;
+    }
+
    for (u32 i = 0; i < FF_VOLUMES; i++) {
        auto& fat = g_fat_storage[i];
        const auto& bis = BIS_MOUNT_ENTRIES[i];
@@ -433,7 +446,7 @@ const char* VolumeStr[] {
 Result fatfs_read(u8 num, void* dst, u64 offset, u64 size) {
    // log_write("[FAT] num: %u\n", num);
    auto& fat = sphaira::fatfs::g_fat_storage[num];
-    return sphaira::fatfs::ReadStorage(&fat.storage, fat.lru_cache, dst, offset, size, fat.storage_size);
+    return fat.buffered->Read2(dst, offset, size);
 }

 } // extern "C"
--- a/sphaira/source/ff16/ffunicode.c
+++ b/sphaira/source/ff16/ffunicode.c
--- a/sphaira/source/ftpsrv_helper.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ftpsrv_helper.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "fs.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
+#include "utils/thread.hpp"

 #include <algorithm>
 #include <minIni.h>
@@ -14,7 +15,6 @@
 namespace sphaira::ftpsrv {
 namespace {

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 struct InstallSharedData {
    Mutex mutex;
    std::deque<std::string> queued_files;
@@ -27,11 +27,8 @@ struct InstallSharedData {
    bool in_progress;
    bool enabled;
 };
-#endif

 const char* INI_PATH = "/config/ftpsrv/config.ini";
-constexpr int THREAD_PRIO = PRIO_PREEMPTIVE;
-constexpr int THREAD_CORE = 2;
 FtpSrvConfig g_ftpsrv_config = {0};
 std::atomic_bool g_should_exit = false;
 bool g_is_running{false};
@@ -46,7 +43,6 @@ void ftp_progress_callback(void) {
    sphaira::App::NotifyFlashLed();
 }

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 InstallSharedData g_shared_data{};

 const char* SUPPORTED_EXT[] = {
@@ -277,11 +273,73 @@ FtpVfs g_vfs_install = {
    .rmdir = vfs_install_rmdir,
    .rename = vfs_install_rename,
 };
-#endif

 void loop(void* arg) {
    log_write("[FTP] loop entered\n");

+    // load config.
+    {
+        SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
+
+        g_ftpsrv_config.log_callback = ftp_log_callback;
+        g_ftpsrv_config.progress_callback = ftp_progress_callback;
+        g_ftpsrv_config.anon = ini_getbool("Login", "anon", 0, INI_PATH);
+        int user_len = ini_gets("Login", "user", "", g_ftpsrv_config.user, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.user), INI_PATH);
+        int pass_len = ini_gets("Login", "pass", "", g_ftpsrv_config.pass, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.pass), INI_PATH);
+        g_ftpsrv_config.port = ini_getl("Network", "port", 5000, INI_PATH); // 5000 to keep compat with older sphaira
+        g_ftpsrv_config.timeout = ini_getl("Network", "timeout", 0, INI_PATH);
+        g_ftpsrv_config.use_localtime = ini_getbool("Misc", "use_localtime", 0, INI_PATH);
+        bool log_enabled = ini_getbool("Log", "log", 0, INI_PATH);
+
+        // get nx config
+        bool mount_devices = ini_getbool("Nx", "mount_devices", 1, INI_PATH);
+        bool mount_bis = ini_getbool("Nx", "mount_bis", 0, INI_PATH);
+        bool save_writable = ini_getbool("Nx", "save_writable", 0, INI_PATH);
+        g_ftpsrv_config.port = ini_getl("Nx", "app_port", g_ftpsrv_config.port, INI_PATH); // compat
+
+        // get Nx-App overrides
+        g_ftpsrv_config.anon = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "anon", g_ftpsrv_config.anon, INI_PATH);
+        user_len = ini_gets("Nx-App", "user", g_ftpsrv_config.user, g_ftpsrv_config.user, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.user), INI_PATH);
+        pass_len = ini_gets("Nx-App", "pass", g_ftpsrv_config.pass, g_ftpsrv_config.pass, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.pass), INI_PATH);
+        g_ftpsrv_config.port = ini_getl("Nx-App", "port", g_ftpsrv_config.port, INI_PATH);
+        g_ftpsrv_config.timeout = ini_getl("Nx-App", "timeout", g_ftpsrv_config.timeout, INI_PATH);
+        g_ftpsrv_config.use_localtime = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "use_localtime", g_ftpsrv_config.use_localtime, INI_PATH);
+        log_enabled = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "log", log_enabled, INI_PATH);
+        mount_devices = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "mount_devices", mount_devices, INI_PATH);
+        mount_bis = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "mount_bis", mount_bis, INI_PATH);
+        save_writable = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "save_writable", save_writable, INI_PATH);
+
+        g_should_exit = false;
+        mount_devices = true;
+        g_ftpsrv_config.timeout = 0;
+
+        if (!g_ftpsrv_config.port) {
+            g_ftpsrv_config.port = 5000;
+            log_write("[FTP] no port config, defaulting to 5000\n");
+        }
+
+        // keep compat with older sphaira
+        if (!user_len && !pass_len) {
+            g_ftpsrv_config.anon = true;
+            log_write("[FTP] no user pass, defaulting to anon\n");
+        }
+
+        fsdev_wrapMountSdmc();
+
+        const VfsNxCustomPath custom = {
+            .name = "install",
+            .user = NULL,
+            .func = &g_vfs_install,
+        };
+
+        vfs_nx_init(&custom, mount_devices, save_writable, mount_bis, false);
+    }
+
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(
+        vfs_nx_exit();
+        fsdev_wrapUnmountAll();
+    );
+
    while (!g_should_exit) {
        ftpsrv_init(&g_ftpsrv_config);
        while (!g_should_exit) {
@@ -305,77 +363,20 @@ bool Init() {
        return false;
    }

-    if (R_FAILED(fsdev_wrapMountSdmc())) {
-        log_write("[FTP] cannot mount sdmc\n");
-        return false;
-    }
+    // if (R_FAILED(fsdev_wrapMountSdmc())) {
+    //     log_write("[FTP] cannot mount sdmc\n");
+    //     return false;
+    // }

-    g_ftpsrv_config.log_callback = ftp_log_callback;
-    g_ftpsrv_config.progress_callback = ftp_progress_callback;
-    g_ftpsrv_config.anon = ini_getbool("Login", "anon", 0, INI_PATH);
-    int user_len = ini_gets("Login", "user", "", g_ftpsrv_config.user, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.user), INI_PATH);
-    int pass_len = ini_gets("Login", "pass", "", g_ftpsrv_config.pass, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.pass), INI_PATH);
-    g_ftpsrv_config.port = ini_getl("Network", "port", 5000, INI_PATH); // 5000 to keep compat with older sphaira
-    g_ftpsrv_config.timeout = ini_getl("Network", "timeout", 0, INI_PATH);
-    g_ftpsrv_config.use_localtime = ini_getbool("Misc", "use_localtime", 0, INI_PATH);
-    bool log_enabled = ini_getbool("Log", "log", 0, INI_PATH);
-
-    // get nx config
-    bool mount_devices = ini_getbool("Nx", "mount_devices", 1, INI_PATH);
-    bool mount_bis = ini_getbool("Nx", "mount_bis", 0, INI_PATH);
-    bool save_writable = ini_getbool("Nx", "save_writable", 0, INI_PATH);
-    g_ftpsrv_config.port = ini_getl("Nx", "app_port", g_ftpsrv_config.port, INI_PATH); // compat
-
-    // get Nx-App overrides
-    g_ftpsrv_config.anon = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "anon", g_ftpsrv_config.anon, INI_PATH);
-    user_len = ini_gets("Nx-App", "user", g_ftpsrv_config.user, g_ftpsrv_config.user, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.user), INI_PATH);
-    pass_len = ini_gets("Nx-App", "pass", g_ftpsrv_config.pass, g_ftpsrv_config.pass, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config.pass), INI_PATH);
-    g_ftpsrv_config.port = ini_getl("Nx-App", "port", g_ftpsrv_config.port, INI_PATH);
-    g_ftpsrv_config.timeout = ini_getl("Nx-App", "timeout", g_ftpsrv_config.timeout, INI_PATH);
-    g_ftpsrv_config.use_localtime = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "use_localtime", g_ftpsrv_config.use_localtime, INI_PATH);
-    log_enabled = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "log", log_enabled, INI_PATH);
-    mount_devices = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "mount_devices", mount_devices, INI_PATH);
-    mount_bis = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "mount_bis", mount_bis, INI_PATH);
-    save_writable = ini_getbool("Nx-App", "save_writable", save_writable, INI_PATH);
-
-    g_should_exit = false;
-    mount_devices = true;
-    g_ftpsrv_config.timeout = 0;
-
-    if (!g_ftpsrv_config.port) {
-        log_write("[FTP] no port config\n");
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // keep compat with older sphaira
-    if (!user_len && !pass_len) {
-        log_write("[FTP] no user pass\n");
-        g_ftpsrv_config.anon = true;
-    }
-
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-    const VfsNxCustomPath custom = {
-        .name = "install",
-        .user = NULL,
-        .func = &g_vfs_install,
-    };
-
-    vfs_nx_init(&custom, mount_devices, save_writable, mount_bis, false);
-#else
-    vfs_nx_init(NULL, mount_devices, save_writable, mount_bis, false);
-#endif
+    // todo: replace everything with ini_browse for faster loading.
+    // or load everything in the init thread.

    Result rc;
-    if (R_FAILED(rc = threadCreate(&g_thread, loop, nullptr, nullptr, 1024*16, THREAD_PRIO, THREAD_CORE))) {
+    if (R_FAILED(rc = utils::CreateThread(&g_thread, loop, nullptr, 1024*16))) {
        log_write("[FTP] failed to create nxlink thread: 0x%X\n", rc);
        return false;
    }

-    if (R_FAILED(rc = svcSetThreadCoreMask(g_thread.handle, THREAD_CORE, THREAD_AFFINITY_DEFAULT(THREAD_CORE)))) {
-        log_write("[FTP] failed to set core mask: 0x%X\n", rc);
-        return false;
-    }
-
    if (R_FAILED(rc = threadStart(&g_thread))) {
        log_write("[FTP] failed to start nxlink thread: 0x%X\n", rc);
        threadClose(&g_thread);
@@ -398,8 +399,6 @@ void Exit() {
    threadWaitForExit(&g_thread);
    threadClose(&g_thread);

-    vfs_nx_exit();
-    fsdev_wrapUnmountAll();
    memset(&g_ftpsrv_config, 0, sizeof(g_ftpsrv_config));

    log_write("[FTP] exitied\n");
@@ -410,7 +409,6 @@ void ExitSignal() {
    g_should_exit = true;
 }

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 void InitInstallMode(const OnInstallStart& on_start, const OnInstallWrite& on_write, const OnInstallClose& on_close) {
    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_shared_data.mutex);
    g_shared_data.on_start = on_start;
@@ -423,7 +421,6 @@ void DisableInstallMode() {
    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_shared_data.mutex);
    g_shared_data.enabled = false;
 }
-#endif

 unsigned GetPort() {
    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
--- a/sphaira/source/hasher.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/hasher.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include <mbedtls/md5.h>
 #include <utility>

+#include <zlib.h>
+#include <zstd.h>
+
 namespace sphaira::hash {
 namespace {

@@ -59,12 +62,152 @@ private:

 struct HashSource {
    virtual ~HashSource() = default;
-    virtual void Update(const void* buf, s64 size) = 0;
+    virtual void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) = 0;
    virtual void Get(std::string& out) = 0;
 };

+struct HashNull final : HashSource {
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
+        m_in_size += size;
+    }
+
+    void Get(std::string& out) override {
+        char str[64];
+        std::snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%zu bytes", m_in_size);
+        out = str;
+    }
+
+private:
+    size_t m_in_size{};
+};
+
+// this currently crashes when freeing the pool :/
+#define USE_THREAD_POOL 0
+struct HashZstd final : HashSource {
+    HashZstd() {
+        const auto num_threads = 3;
+        const auto level = ZSTD_CLEVEL_DEFAULT;
+
+        m_ctx = ZSTD_createCCtx();
+        if (!m_ctx) {
+            log_write("[ZSTD] failed to create ctx\n");
+        }
+
+
+        #if USE_THREAD_POOL
+        m_pool = ZSTD_createThreadPool(num_threads);
+        if (!m_pool) {
+            log_write("[ZSTD] failed to create pool\n");
+        }
+
+        if (ZSTD_isError(ZSTD_CCtx_refThreadPool(m_ctx, m_pool))) {
+            log_write("[ZSTD] failed ZSTD_CCtx_refThreadPool(m_pool)\n");
+        }
+        #endif
+        if (ZSTD_isError(ZSTD_CCtx_setParameter(m_ctx, ZSTD_c_compressionLevel, level))) {
+            log_write("[ZSTD] failed ZSTD_CCtx_setParameter(ZSTD_c_compressionLevel)\n");
+        }
+        if (ZSTD_isError(ZSTD_CCtx_setParameter(m_ctx, ZSTD_c_nbWorkers, num_threads))) {
+            log_write("[ZSTD] failed ZSTD_CCtx_setParameter(ZSTD_c_nbWorkers)\n");
+        }
+
+        m_out_buf.resize(ZSTD_CStreamOutSize());
+    }
+
+    ~HashZstd() {
+        ZSTD_freeCCtx(m_ctx);
+        #if USE_THREAD_POOL
+        // crashes here during ZSTD_pthread_join()
+        // ZSTD_freeThreadPool(m_pool);
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
+        ZSTD_inBuffer input = { buf, (u64)size, 0 };
+
+        const auto last_chunk = m_in_size + size >= file_size;
+        const auto mode = last_chunk ? ZSTD_e_end : ZSTD_e_continue;
+
+        while (input.pos < input.size) {
+            ZSTD_outBuffer output = { m_out_buf.data(), m_out_buf.size(), 0 };
+            const size_t remaining = ZSTD_compressStream2(m_ctx, &output , &input, mode);
+
+            if (ZSTD_isError(remaining)) {
+                log_write("[ZSTD] error: %zu\n", remaining);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            m_out_size += output.pos;
+        };
+
+        m_in_size += size;
+    }
+
+    void Get(std::string& out) override {
+        log_write("getting size: %zu vs %zu\n", m_out_size, m_in_size);
+        char str[64];
+        const u32 percentage = ((double)m_out_size / (double)m_in_size) * 100.0;
+        std::snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%u%%", percentage);
+        out = str;
+        log_write("got size: %zu vs %zu\n", m_out_size, m_in_size);
+    }
+
+private:
+    ZSTD_CCtx* m_ctx{};
+    ZSTD_threadPool* m_pool{};
+    std::vector<u8> m_out_buf{};
+    size_t m_in_size{};
+    size_t m_out_size{};
+};
+
+struct HashDeflate final : HashSource {
+    HashDeflate() {
+        deflateInit(&m_ctx, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION);
+        m_out_buf.resize(deflateBound(&m_ctx, 1024*1024*16)); // max chunk size.
+    }
+
+    ~HashDeflate() {
+        deflateEnd(&m_ctx);
+    }
+
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
+        m_ctx.avail_in = size;
+        m_ctx.next_in = const_cast<Bytef*>((const Bytef*)buf);
+
+        const auto last_chunk = m_in_size + size >= file_size;
+        const auto mode = last_chunk ? Z_FINISH : Z_NO_FLUSH;
+
+        while (m_ctx.avail_in != 0) {
+            m_ctx.next_out = m_out_buf.data();
+            m_ctx.avail_out = m_out_buf.size();
+
+            const auto rc = deflate(&m_ctx, mode);
+            if (Z_OK != rc) {
+                if (Z_STREAM_END != rc) {
+                    log_write("[ZLIB] deflate error: %d\n", rc);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        m_in_size += size;
+    }
+
+    void Get(std::string& out) override {
+        char str[64];
+        const u32 percentage = ((double)m_ctx.total_out / (double)m_in_size) * 100.0;
+        std::snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%u%%", percentage);
+        out = str;
+    }
+
+private:
+    z_stream m_ctx{};
+    std::vector<u8> m_out_buf{};
+    size_t m_in_size{};
+};
+
 struct HashCrc32 final : HashSource {
-    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size) override {
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
        m_seed = crc32CalculateWithSeed(m_seed, buf, size);
    }

@@ -88,7 +231,7 @@ struct HashMd5 final : HashSource {
        mbedtls_md5_free(&m_ctx);
    }

-    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size) override {
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
        mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&m_ctx, (const u8*)buf, size);
    }

@@ -113,7 +256,7 @@ struct HashSha1 final : HashSource {
        sha1ContextCreate(&m_ctx);
    }

-    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size) override {
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
        sha1ContextUpdate(&m_ctx, buf, size);
    }

@@ -138,7 +281,7 @@ struct HashSha256 final : HashSource {
        sha256ContextCreate(&m_ctx);
    }

-    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size) override {
+    void Update(const void* buf, s64 size, s64 file_size) override {
        sha256ContextUpdate(&m_ctx, buf, size);
    }

@@ -167,7 +310,7 @@ Result Hash(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, std::unique_ptr<HashSource> hash, BaseSource*
            return source->Read(data, off, size, bytes_read);
        },
        [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
-            hash->Update(data, size);
+            hash->Update(data, size, file_size);
            R_SUCCEED();
        }
    ));
@@ -184,6 +327,9 @@ auto GetTypeStr(Type type) -> const char* {
        case Type::Md5: return "MD5";
        case Type::Sha1: return "SHA1";
        case Type::Sha256: return "SHA256";
+        case Type::Null: return "/dev/null (Speed Test)";
+        case Type::Deflate: return "Deflate (Speed Test)";
+        case Type::Zstd: return "ZSTD (Speed Test)";
    }
    return "";
 }
@@ -194,6 +340,9 @@ Result Hash(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, Type type, BaseSource* source, std::string& o
        case Type::Md5: return Hash(pbox, std::make_unique<HashMd5>(), source, out);
        case Type::Sha1: return Hash(pbox, std::make_unique<HashSha1>(), source, out);
        case Type::Sha256: return Hash(pbox, std::make_unique<HashSha256>(), source, out);
+        case Type::Null: return Hash(pbox, std::make_unique<HashNull>(), source, out);
+        case Type::Deflate: return Hash(pbox, std::make_unique<HashDeflate>(), source, out);
+        case Type::Zstd: return Hash(pbox, std::make_unique<HashZstd>(), source, out);
    }
    std::unreachable();
 }
--- a/sphaira/source/haze_helper.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/haze_helper.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 namespace sphaira::haze {
 namespace {

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 struct InstallSharedData {
    Mutex mutex;
    std::string current_file;
@@ -25,7 +24,6 @@ struct InstallSharedData {
    bool in_progress;
    bool enabled;
 };
-#endif

 constexpr int THREAD_PRIO = 0x20;
 constexpr int THREAD_CORE = 2;
@@ -33,7 +31,6 @@ std::atomic_bool g_should_exit = false;
 bool g_is_running{false};
 Mutex g_mutex{};

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 InstallSharedData g_shared_data{};

 const char* SUPPORTED_EXT[] = {
@@ -58,7 +55,6 @@ void on_thing() {
        }
    }
 }
-#endif

 struct FsProxyBase : ::haze::FileSystemProxyImpl {
    FsProxyBase(const char* name, const char* display_name) : m_name{name}, m_display_name{display_name} {
@@ -411,7 +407,6 @@ struct FsDevNullProxy final : FsProxyVfs {
    }
 };

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 struct FsInstallProxy final : FsProxyVfs {
    using FsProxyVfs::FsProxyVfs;

@@ -537,7 +532,6 @@ struct FsInstallProxy final : FsProxyVfs {
        return false;
    }
 };
-#endif

 ::haze::FsEntries g_fs_entries{};

@@ -582,9 +576,7 @@ bool Init() {
    g_fs_entries.emplace_back(std::make_shared<FsProxy>(std::make_unique<fs::FsNativeImage>(FsImageDirectoryId_Nand), "image_nand", "Image nand"));
    g_fs_entries.emplace_back(std::make_shared<FsProxy>(std::make_unique<fs::FsNativeImage>(FsImageDirectoryId_Sd), "image_sd", "Image sd"));
    g_fs_entries.emplace_back(std::make_shared<FsDevNullProxy>("DevNull", "DevNull (Speed Test)"));
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
    g_fs_entries.emplace_back(std::make_shared<FsInstallProxy>("install", "Install (NSP, XCI, NSZ, XCZ)"));
-#endif

    g_should_exit = false;
    if (!::haze::Initialize(haze_callback, THREAD_PRIO, THREAD_CORE, g_fs_entries)) {
@@ -595,6 +587,11 @@ bool Init() {
    return g_is_running = true;
 }

+bool IsInit() {
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
+    return g_is_running;
+}
+
 void Exit() {
    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (!g_is_running) {
@@ -609,7 +606,6 @@ void Exit() {
    log_write("[MTP] exitied\n");
 }

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
 void InitInstallMode(const OnInstallStart& on_start, const OnInstallWrite& on_write, const OnInstallClose& on_close) {
    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_shared_data.mutex);
    g_shared_data.on_start = on_start;
@@ -622,6 +618,5 @@ void DisableInstallMode() {
    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_shared_data.mutex);
    g_shared_data.enabled = false;
 }
-#endif

 } // namespace sphaira::haze
--- a/sphaira/source/location.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/location.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "location.hpp"
 #include "fs.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
+#include "usbdvd.hpp"

 #include <ff.h>
 #include <cstring>
@@ -76,9 +77,22 @@ auto Load() -> Entries {
 }

 auto GetStdio(bool write) -> StdioEntries {
+    StdioEntries out{};
+
+    // try and load usbdvd entry.
+    // todo: check if more than 1 entry is supported.
+    // todo: only call if usbdvd is init.
+    if (!write) {
+        StdioEntry entry;
+        if (usbdvd::GetMountPoint(entry)) {
+            out.emplace_back(entry);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // bail out early if usbhdd is disabled.
    if (!App::GetHddEnable()) {
        log_write("[USBHSFS] not enabled\n");
-        return {};
+        return out;
    }

    static UsbHsFsDevice devices[0x20];
@@ -86,8 +100,6 @@ auto GetStdio(bool write) -> StdioEntries {
    log_write("[USBHSFS] got connected: %u\n", usbHsFsGetPhysicalDeviceCount());
    log_write("[USBHSFS] got count: %u\n", count);

-    StdioEntries out{};
-
    for (s32 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        const auto& e = devices[i];

@@ -109,9 +121,6 @@ auto GetStdio(bool write) -> StdioEntries {
 auto GetFat() -> StdioEntries {
    StdioEntries out{};

-    // todo: move this somewhere else.
-    out.emplace_back("Qlaunch_romfs:/", "Qlaunch RomFS (Read Only)", true);
-
    for (auto& e : VolumeStr) {
        char path[64];
        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s:/", e);
--- a/sphaira/source/log.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/log.cpp
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include "log.hpp"
+#include "defines.hpp"
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstdarg>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <atomic>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <mutex>
 #include <switch.h>

 #if sphaira_USE_LOG
@@ -10,18 +12,19 @@ namespace {

 constexpr const char* logpath = "/config/sphaira/log.txt";

-int nxlink_socket{};
-bool g_file_open{};
-std::mutex mutex{};
+std::atomic_int32_t nxlink_socket{};
+std::atomic_bool g_file_open{};
+Mutex g_mutex;

 void log_write_arg_internal(const char* s, std::va_list* v) {
    const auto t = std::time(nullptr);
    const auto tm = std::localtime(&t);

-    static char buf[512];
+    char buf[512];
    const auto len = std::snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[%02u:%02u:%02u] -> ", tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec);
    std::vsnprintf(buf + len, sizeof(buf) - len, s, *v);

+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (g_file_open) {
        auto file = std::fopen(logpath, "a");
        if (file) {
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@ void log_write_arg_internal(const char* s, std::va_list* v) {
 extern "C" {

 auto log_file_init() -> bool {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (g_file_open) {
        return false;
    }
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@ auto log_file_init() -> bool {
 }

 auto log_nxlink_init() -> bool {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (nxlink_socket) {
        return false;
    }
@@ -65,14 +68,14 @@ auto log_nxlink_init() -> bool {
 }

 void log_file_exit() {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (g_file_open) {
        g_file_open = false;
    }
 }

 void log_nxlink_exit() {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (nxlink_socket) {
        close(nxlink_socket);
        nxlink_socket = 0;
@@ -80,7 +83,6 @@ void log_nxlink_exit() {
 }

 bool log_is_init() {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
    return g_file_open || nxlink_socket;
 }

@@ -89,7 +91,6 @@ void log_write(const char* s, ...) {
        return;
    }

-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
    std::va_list v{};
    va_start(v, s);
    log_write_arg_internal(s, &v);
@@ -101,7 +102,6 @@ void log_write_arg(const char* s, va_list* v) {
        return;
    }

-    std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
    log_write_arg_internal(s, v);
 }

--- a/sphaira/source/main.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/main.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
+#include "ui/menus/main_menu.hpp"

 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    if (!argc || !argv) {
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    }

    auto app = std::make_unique<sphaira::App>(argv[0]);
+    app->Push<sphaira::ui::menu::main::MainMenu>();
    app->Loop();
    return 0;
 }
--- a/sphaira/source/minizip_helper.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/minizip_helper.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 #include <cstring>
 #include <cstdio>

+#include "log.hpp"
+
 namespace sphaira::mz {
 namespace {

@@ -193,8 +195,10 @@ voidpf minizip_open_file_func_stdio(voidpf opaque, const void* filename, int mod
    if ((mode & ZLIB_FILEFUNC_MODE_READWRITEFILTER) == ZLIB_FILEFUNC_MODE_READ) {
        mode_fopen = "rb";
    } else if (mode & ZLIB_FILEFUNC_MODE_EXISTING) {
+        log_write("[ZIP] opening r/w\n");
        mode_fopen = "r+b";
    } else if (mode & ZLIB_FILEFUNC_MODE_CREATE) {
+        log_write("[ZIP] opening r/w +\n");
        mode_fopen = "wb";
    } else {
        return NULL;
@@ -219,6 +223,7 @@ long minizip_seek_file_func_stdio(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream, ZPOS64_T offset,

 uLong minizip_read_file_func_stdio(voidpf opaque, voidpf stream, void* buf, uLong size) {
    auto file = static_cast<std::FILE*>(stream);
+    log_write("[ZIP] doing read\n");
    return std::fread(buf, 1, size, file);
 }

--- a/sphaira/source/nro.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/nro.cpp
@@ -13,11 +13,6 @@
 namespace sphaira {
 namespace {

-struct NroData {
-    NroStart start;
-    NroHeader header;
-};
-
 auto nro_parse_internal(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, NroEntry& entry) -> Result {
    entry.path = path;

@@ -60,7 +55,7 @@ auto nro_parse_internal(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, NroEntry& entry) ->
        std::strcpy(nacp.lang.author, "Unknown");
        std::strcpy(nacp.display_version, "Unknown");

-        entry.romfs_offset = entry.romfs_size = entry.icon_offset = entry.icon_size = 0;
+        entry.icon_offset = entry.icon_size = 0;
        entry.is_nacp_valid = false;
    } else {
        entry.size += sizeof(asset) + asset.icon.size + asset.nacp.size + asset.romfs.size;
@@ -70,8 +65,6 @@ auto nro_parse_internal(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, NroEntry& entry) ->
        // lazy load the icons
        entry.icon_size = asset.icon.size;
        entry.icon_offset = data.header.size + asset.icon.offset;
-        entry.romfs_offset = data.header.size + asset.romfs.offset;
-        entry.romfs_size = asset.romfs.size;
        entry.is_nacp_valid = true;
    }

--- a/sphaira/source/nxlink.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/nxlink.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "nro.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "fs.hpp"
+#include "utils/thread.hpp"

 #include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ namespace {
 using Socket = int;
 constexpr s32 SERVER_PORT = NXLINK_SERVER_PORT;
 constexpr s32 CLIENT_PORT = NXLINK_CLIENT_PORT;
-constexpr s32 ZLIB_CHUNK = 0x4000;
+constexpr s32 ZLIB_CHUNK = 1024*64;

 constexpr s32 ERR_OK = 0;
 constexpr s32 ERR_FILE = -1;
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ constexpr const char UDP_MAGIC_SERVER[] = {"nxboot"};
 constexpr const char UDP_MAGIC_CLIENT[] = {"bootnx"};

 Thread g_thread{};
-std::mutex g_mutex{};
+Mutex g_mutex{};
 std::atomic_bool g_quit{false};
 bool g_is_running{false};
 NxlinkCallback g_callback{};
@@ -55,7 +56,9 @@ struct SocketWrapper {
        }
    }
    void nonBlocking() {
-        fcntl(sock, F_SETFL, fcntl(sock, F_GETFL) | O_NONBLOCK);
+        if (this->sock > 0) {
+            fcntl(sock, F_SETFL, fcntl(sock, F_GETFL) | O_NONBLOCK);
+        }
    }
    Socket operator=(Socket s) { return this->sock = s; }
    operator int() { return this->sock; }
@@ -106,11 +109,11 @@ void WriteCallbackProgress(NxlinkCallbackType type, s64 offset, s64 size) {
    g_callback(&data);
 }

-auto recvall(int sock, void* buf, int size) -> bool {
+auto recvall(int sock, void* buf, int size, sockaddr* src_addr = nullptr, socklen_t* addrlen = nullptr) -> bool {
    auto p = static_cast<u8*>(buf);
    int got{}, left{size};
    while (!g_quit && got < size) {
-        const auto len = recv(sock, p + got, left, 0);
+        const auto len = recvfrom(sock, p + got, left, 0, src_addr, addrlen);
        if (len == -1) {
            if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EAGAIN) {
                return false;
@@ -124,11 +127,11 @@ auto recvall(int sock, void* buf, int size) -> bool {
    return !g_quit;
 }

-auto sendall(Socket sock, const void* buf, int size) -> bool {
+auto sendall(Socket sock, const void* buf, int size, const sockaddr* dest_addr = nullptr, socklen_t addrlen = 0) -> bool {
    auto p = static_cast<const u8*>(buf);
    int sent{}, left{size};
    while (!g_quit && sent < size) {
-        const auto len = send(sock, p + sent, left, 0);
+        const auto len = sendto(sock, p + sent, left, 0, dest_addr, addrlen);
        if (len == -1) {
            if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EAGAIN) {
                return false;
@@ -141,6 +144,23 @@ auto sendall(Socket sock, const void* buf, int size) -> bool {
    return !g_quit;
 }

+auto acceptall(Socket sock, sockaddr* addr, socklen_t* addrlen) -> Socket {
+    while (!g_quit) {
+        Socket connfd = accept(sock, addr, addrlen);
+        if (connfd < 0) {
+            if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK && errno != EAGAIN) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+
+            log_write("[NXLINK] blocking socket in accept, trying again\n");
+            svcSleepThread(1e+6);
+        } else {
+            return connfd;
+        }
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
 auto get_file_data(Socket sock, int max) -> std::vector<u8> {
    std::vector<u8> buf(max);
    std::vector<u8> chunk(ZLIB_CHUNK);
@@ -173,7 +193,7 @@ auto get_file_data(Socket sock, int max) -> std::vector<u8> {
 }

 void loop(void* args) {
-    log_write("in nxlink thread func\n");
+    log_write("[NXLINK] in nxlink thread func\n");
    const sockaddr_in servaddr{
        .sin_family = AF_INET,
        .sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT),
@@ -213,33 +233,33 @@ void loop(void* args) {
        SocketWrapper sock_udp(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

        if (sock < 0 || sock_udp < 0) {
-            log_write("failed to get sock/sock_udp: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+            log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get sock/sock_udp: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }

        u32 tmpval = 1;
        if (0 > setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &tmpval, sizeof(tmpval))) {
-            log_write("set sockopt(): 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+            log_write("[NXLINK] set sockopt(): 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }

        if (0 > setsockopt(sock_udp, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &tmpval, sizeof(tmpval))) {
-            log_write("set sockopt(): 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+            log_write("[NXLINK] set sockopt(): 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }

        if (0 > bind(sock, (const sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr))) {
-            log_write("failed to get bind(sock): 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+            log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get bind(sock): 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }

        if (0 > bind(sock_udp, (const sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr))) {
-            log_write("failed to get bind(sock_udp): 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+            log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get bind(sock_udp): 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }

        if (0 > listen(sock, 10)) {
-            log_write("failed to get listen: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+            log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get listen: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }

@@ -252,7 +272,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
        pfds[1].events = POLLIN;

        while (!g_quit) {
-            auto poll_rc = poll(pfds, std::size(pfds), 1000/60);
+            auto poll_rc = poll(pfds, std::size(pfds), 100);
            if (poll_rc < 0) {
                break;
            } else if (poll_rc == 0) {
@@ -264,48 +284,52 @@ void loop(void* args) {
            if (pfds[1].revents & POLLIN) {
                char recvbuf[6];
                socklen_t from_len = sizeof(sa_remote);
-                auto udp_len = recvfrom(sock_udp, recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf), 0, (sockaddr*)&sa_remote, &from_len);
-                if (udp_len == sizeof(recvbuf) && !std::strncmp(recvbuf, UDP_MAGIC_SERVER, std::strlen(UDP_MAGIC_SERVER))) {
-                    // log_write("got udp len: %d - %.*s\n", udp_len, udp_len, recvbuf);
+                if (!recvall(sock_udp, recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf), (sockaddr*)&sa_remote, &from_len)) {
+                    log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get udp socket: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (!std::strncmp(recvbuf, UDP_MAGIC_SERVER, std::strlen(UDP_MAGIC_SERVER))) {
                    sa_remote.sin_family = AF_INET;
                    sa_remote.sin_port = htons(NXLINK_CLIENT_PORT);
-                    udp_len = sendto(sock_udp, UDP_MAGIC_CLIENT, std::strlen(UDP_MAGIC_CLIENT), 0, (const sockaddr*)&sa_remote, sizeof(sa_remote));
-                    if (udp_len != std::strlen(UDP_MAGIC_CLIENT)) {
-                        log_write("nxlink failed to send udp packet\n");
+                    if (!sendall(sock_udp, UDP_MAGIC_CLIENT, std::strlen(UDP_MAGIC_CLIENT), (const sockaddr*)&sa_remote, sizeof(sa_remote))) {
+                        log_write("[NXLINK] failed to send udp socket: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                        continue;
                    }
                }
            }

            socklen_t accept_len = sizeof(sa_remote);
-            SocketWrapper connfd = accept(sock, (sockaddr*)&sa_remote, &accept_len);
+            SocketWrapper connfd = acceptall(sock, (sockaddr*)&sa_remote, &accept_len);
            if (connfd < 0) {
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to accept socket: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }
+
            WriteCallbackNone(NxlinkCallbackType_Connected);

            u32 namelen{};
            if (!recvall(connfd, &namelen, sizeof(namelen))) {
-                log_write("failed to get name: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get name: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

            fs::FsPath name{};
            if (namelen >= sizeof(name)) {
-                log_write("namelen is bigger than name: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                log_write("[NXLINK] namelen is bigger than name: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

            if (!recvall(connfd, name, namelen)) {
-                log_write("failed to get name: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get name: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

-            log_write("got name: %s\n", name.s);
+            log_write("[NXLINK] got name: %s\n", name.s);

            u32 filesize{};
            if (!recvall(connfd, &filesize, sizeof(filesize))) {
-                log_write("failed to get filesize: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get filesize: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

@@ -319,7 +343,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {

            // tell nxlink that we want this file
            if (!sendall(connfd, &ERR_OK, sizeof(ERR_OK))) {
-                log_write("failed to tell nxlink that we want the file: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to tell nxlink that we want the file: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

@@ -329,6 +353,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
            WriteCallbackFile(NxlinkCallbackType_WriteEnd, name);

            if (file_data.empty()) {
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to get file data: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

@@ -343,7 +368,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
            // if (R_FAILED(rc = create_directories(fs, path))) {
            if (R_FAILED(rc = fs.CreateDirectoryRecursivelyWithPath(path))) {
                sendall(connfd, &ERR_FILE, sizeof(ERR_FILE));
-                log_write("failed to create directories: %X\n", rc);
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to create directories: %X\n", rc);
                continue;
            }

@@ -351,7 +376,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
            const auto temp_path = path + "~";
            if (R_FAILED(rc = fs.CreateFile(temp_path, file_data.size(), 0)) && rc != FsError_PathAlreadyExists) {
                sendall(connfd, &ERR_FILE, sizeof(ERR_FILE));
-                log_write("failed to create file: %X\n", rc);
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to create file: %X\n", rc);
                continue;
            }
            ON_SCOPE_EXIT(fs.DeleteFile(temp_path));
@@ -360,13 +385,13 @@ void loop(void* args) {
                fs::File f;
                if (R_FAILED(rc = fs.OpenFile(temp_path, FsOpenMode_Write, &f))) {
                    sendall(connfd, &ERR_FILE, sizeof(ERR_FILE));
-                    log_write("failed to open file %X\n", rc);
+                    log_write("[NXLINK] failed to open file %X\n", rc);
                    continue;
                }

                if (R_FAILED(rc = f.SetSize(file_data.size()))) {
                    sendall(connfd, &ERR_FILE, sizeof(ERR_FILE));
-                    log_write("failed to set file size: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                    log_write("[NXLINK] failed to set file size: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
                    continue;
                }

@@ -374,7 +399,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
                while (offset < file_data.size()) {
                    svcSleepThread(YieldType_WithoutCoreMigration);

-                    u64 chunk_size = ZLIB_CHUNK;
+                    u64 chunk_size = 1024*1024;
                    if (offset + chunk_size > file_data.size()) {
                        chunk_size = file_data.size() - offset;
                    }
@@ -387,23 +412,25 @@ void loop(void* args) {
                // if (R_FAILED(rc = fsFileWrite(&f, 0, file_data.data(), file_data.size(), FsWriteOption_None))) {
                if (R_FAILED(rc)) {
                    sendall(connfd, &ERR_FILE, sizeof(ERR_FILE));
-                    log_write("failed to write: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                    log_write("[NXLINK] failed to write: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
                    continue;
                }
            }

            if (R_FAILED(rc = fs.DeleteFile(path)) && rc != FsError_PathNotFound) {
-                log_write("failed to delete %X\n", rc);
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to delete %X\n", rc);
                continue;
            }

            if (R_FAILED(rc = fs.RenameFile(temp_path, path))) {
-                log_write("failed to rename %X\n", rc);
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to rename %X\n", rc);
                continue;
            }

+            // log error here, but don't fail as we already have the nro
+            // so this just means that nxlink server won't start.
            if (!sendall(connfd, &ERR_OK, sizeof(ERR_OK))) {
-                log_write("failed to send ok message: 0x%X\n", socketGetLastResult());
+                log_write("[NXLINK] failed to send ok message: 0x%X %s\n", socketGetLastResult(), strerror(errno));
                continue;
            }

@@ -435,7 +462,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
                }
                args += nxlinked;

-                // log_write("launching with: %s %s\n", path.c_str(), args.c_str());
+                // log_write("[NXLINK] launching with: %s %s\n", path.c_str(), args.c_str());
                if (R_SUCCEEDED(sphaira::nro_launch(path, args))) {
                    g_quit = true;
                }
@@ -449,7 +476,7 @@ void loop(void* args) {
 extern "C" {

 bool nxlinkInitialize(NxlinkCallback callback) {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{g_mutex};
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    if (g_is_running) {
        return false;
    }
@@ -458,13 +485,13 @@ bool nxlinkInitialize(NxlinkCallback callback) {
    g_quit = false;

    Result rc;
-    if (R_FAILED(rc = threadCreate(&g_thread, loop, nullptr, nullptr, 1024*64, PRIO_PREEMPTIVE, 2))) {
-        log_write("failed to create nxlink thread: 0x%X\n", rc);
+    if (R_FAILED(rc = sphaira::utils::CreateThread(&g_thread, loop, nullptr, 1024*64))) {
+        log_write("[NXLINK] failed to create nxlink thread: 0x%X\n", rc);
        return false;
    }

    if (R_FAILED(rc = threadStart(&g_thread))) {
-        log_write("failed to start nxlink thread: 0x%X\n", rc);
+        log_write("[NXLINK] failed to start nxlink thread: 0x%X\n", rc);
        threadClose(&g_thread);
        return false;
    }
@@ -473,17 +500,15 @@ bool nxlinkInitialize(NxlinkCallback callback) {
 }

 void nxlinkExit() {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{g_mutex};
-    if (g_is_running) {
-        g_is_running = false;
-    }
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
+    g_is_running = false;
    g_quit = true;
    threadWaitForExit(&g_thread);
    threadClose(&g_thread);
 }

 void nxlinkSignalExit() {
-    std::scoped_lock lock{g_mutex};
+    SCOPED_MUTEX(&g_mutex);
    g_quit = true;
 }

--- a/sphaira/source/option.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/option.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ auto OptionBase<T>::GetInternal(const char* name) -> T {
                m_value = ini_getbool(m_section.c_str(), name, m_default_value, App::CONFIG_PATH);
            } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, long>) {
                m_value = ini_getl(m_section.c_str(), name, m_default_value, App::CONFIG_PATH);
+            } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, float>) {
+                m_value = ini_getf(m_section.c_str(), name, m_default_value, App::CONFIG_PATH);
            } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, std::string>) {
                char buf[FS_MAX_PATH];
                ini_gets(m_section.c_str(), name, m_default_value.c_str(), buf, sizeof(buf), App::CONFIG_PATH);
@@ -52,6 +54,8 @@ void OptionBase<T>::Set(T value) {
            ini_putl(m_section.c_str(), m_name.c_str(), value, App::CONFIG_PATH);
        } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, long>) {
            ini_putl(m_section.c_str(), m_name.c_str(), value, App::CONFIG_PATH);
+        } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, float>) {
+            ini_putf(m_section.c_str(), m_name.c_str(), value, App::CONFIG_PATH);
        } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, std::string>) {
            ini_puts(m_section.c_str(), m_name.c_str(), value.c_str(), App::CONFIG_PATH);
        }
@@ -71,6 +75,8 @@ auto OptionBase<T>::LoadFrom(const char* name, const char* value) -> bool {
                m_value = ini_parse_getbool(value, m_default_value);
            } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, long>) {
                m_value = ini_parse_getl(value, m_default_value);
+            } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, float>) {
+                m_value = ini_atof(value);
            } else if constexpr(std::is_same_v<T, std::string>) {
                m_value = value;
            }
@@ -84,6 +90,7 @@ auto OptionBase<T>::LoadFrom(const char* name, const char* value) -> bool {

 template struct OptionBase<bool>;
 template struct OptionBase<long>;
+template struct OptionBase<float>;
 template struct OptionBase<std::string>;

 } //  namespace sphaira::option
--- a/sphaira/source/threaded_file_transfer.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/threaded_file_transfer.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "defines.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "minizip_helper.hpp"
+#include "utils/thread.hpp"

 #include <vector>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -72,13 +73,13 @@ public:
 };

 struct ThreadData {
-    ThreadData(ui::ProgressBox* _pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& _rfunc, const WriteCallback& _wfunc, u64 buffer_size);
+    ThreadData(ui::ProgressBox* _pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& _rfunc, const DecompressCallback& _dfunc, const WriteCallback& _wfunc, u64 buffer_size);

    auto GetResults() volatile -> Result;
    void WakeAllThreads();

    auto IsAnyRunning() volatile const -> bool {
-        return read_running || write_running;
+        return read_running || decompress_running || write_running;
    }

    auto GetWriteOffset() volatile const -> s64 {
@@ -100,6 +101,17 @@ struct ThreadData {
    void SetReadResult(Result result) {
        read_result = result;

+        // wake up decompress thread as it may be waiting on data that never comes.
+        condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_decompress));
+
+        if (R_FAILED(result)) {
+            ueventSignal(GetDoneEvent());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void SetDecompressResult(Result result) {
+        decompress_result = result;
+
        // wake up write thread as it may be waiting on data that never comes.
        condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_write));

@@ -110,6 +122,10 @@ struct ThreadData {

    void SetWriteResult(Result result) {
        write_result = result;
+
+        // wake up decompress thread as it may be waiting on data that never comes.
+        condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_decompress_write));
+
        ueventSignal(GetDoneEvent());
    }

@@ -122,9 +138,12 @@ struct ThreadData {

    Result Pull(void* data, s64 size, u64* bytes_read);
    Result readFuncInternal();
+    Result decompressFuncInternal();
    Result writeFuncInternal();

 private:
+    Result SetDecompressBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf, s64 off, s64 size);
+    Result GetDecompressBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf_out, s64& off_out);
    Result SetWriteBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf, s64 size);
    Result GetWriteBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf_out, s64& off_out);
    Result SetPullBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf, s64 size);
@@ -136,21 +155,30 @@ private:
    // these need to be copied
    ui::ProgressBox* const pbox;
    const ReadCallback& rfunc;
+    const DecompressCallback& dfunc;
    const WriteCallback& wfunc;

    // these need to be created
-    Mutex mutex{};
+    Mutex read_mutex{};
+    Mutex write_mutex{};
+
    Mutex pull_mutex{};

    CondVar can_read{};
    CondVar can_write{};
+    CondVar can_decompress{};
+    CondVar can_decompress_write{};
+
+    // only used when pull is active.
    CondVar can_pull{};
    CondVar can_pull_write{};

    UEvent m_uevent_done{};
    UEvent m_uevent_progres{};

+    RingBuf<2> read_buffers{};
    RingBuf<2> write_buffers{};
+
    std::vector<u8> pull_buffer{};
    s64 pull_buffer_offset{};

@@ -159,27 +187,35 @@ private:

    // these are shared between threads
    std::atomic<s64> read_offset{};
+    std::atomic<s64> decompress_offset{};
    std::atomic<s64> write_offset{};

    std::atomic<Result> read_result{};
+    std::atomic<Result> decompress_result{};
    std::atomic<Result> write_result{};
    std::atomic<Result> pull_result{};

    std::atomic_bool read_running{true};
+    std::atomic_bool decompress_running{true};
    std::atomic_bool write_running{true};
 };

-ThreadData::ThreadData(ui::ProgressBox* _pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& _rfunc, const WriteCallback& _wfunc, u64 buffer_size)
+ThreadData::ThreadData(ui::ProgressBox* _pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& _rfunc, const DecompressCallback& _dfunc, const WriteCallback& _wfunc, u64 buffer_size)
 : pbox{_pbox}
 , rfunc{_rfunc}
+, dfunc{_dfunc}
 , wfunc{_wfunc}
 , read_buffer_size{buffer_size}
 , write_size{size} {
-    mutexInit(std::addressof(mutex));
+    mutexInit(std::addressof(read_mutex));
+    mutexInit(std::addressof(write_mutex));
    mutexInit(std::addressof(pull_mutex));

    condvarInit(std::addressof(can_read));
+    condvarInit(std::addressof(can_decompress));
+    condvarInit(std::addressof(can_decompress_write));
    condvarInit(std::addressof(can_write));
+
    condvarInit(std::addressof(can_pull));
    condvarInit(std::addressof(can_pull_write));

@@ -190,6 +226,7 @@ ThreadData::ThreadData(ui::ProgressBox* _pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& _rf
 auto ThreadData::GetResults() volatile -> Result {
    R_TRY(pbox->ShouldExitResult());
    R_TRY(read_result.load());
+    R_TRY(decompress_result.load());
    R_TRY(write_result.load());
    R_TRY(pull_result.load());
    R_SUCCEED();
@@ -198,44 +235,80 @@ auto ThreadData::GetResults() volatile -> Result {
 void ThreadData::WakeAllThreads() {
    condvarWakeAll(std::addressof(can_read));
    condvarWakeAll(std::addressof(can_write));
+    condvarWakeAll(std::addressof(can_decompress));
+    condvarWakeAll(std::addressof(can_decompress_write));
    condvarWakeAll(std::addressof(can_pull));
    condvarWakeAll(std::addressof(can_pull_write));

-    mutexUnlock(std::addressof(mutex));
+    mutexUnlock(std::addressof(read_mutex));
+    mutexUnlock(std::addressof(write_mutex));
    mutexUnlock(std::addressof(pull_mutex));
 }

+Result ThreadData::SetDecompressBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf, s64 off, s64 size) {
+    buf.resize(size);
+
+    mutexLock(std::addressof(read_mutex));
+    if (!read_buffers.ringbuf_free()) {
+        if (!write_running) {
+            R_SUCCEED();
+        }
+        R_TRY(condvarWait(std::addressof(can_read), std::addressof(read_mutex)));
+    }
+
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(mutexUnlock(std::addressof(read_mutex)));
+    R_TRY(GetResults());
+    read_buffers.ringbuf_push(buf, off);
+    return condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_decompress));
+}
+
+Result ThreadData::GetDecompressBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf_out, s64& off_out) {
+    mutexLock(std::addressof(read_mutex));
+    if (!read_buffers.ringbuf_size()) {
+        if (!read_running) {
+            buf_out.resize(0);
+            R_SUCCEED();
+        }
+        R_TRY(condvarWait(std::addressof(can_decompress), std::addressof(read_mutex)));
+    }
+
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(mutexUnlock(std::addressof(read_mutex)));
+    R_TRY(GetResults());
+    read_buffers.ringbuf_pop(buf_out, off_out);
+    return condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_read));
+}
+
 Result ThreadData::SetWriteBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf, s64 size) {
    buf.resize(size);

-    mutexLock(std::addressof(mutex));
+    mutexLock(std::addressof(write_mutex));
    if (!write_buffers.ringbuf_free()) {
-        if (!write_running) {
+        if (!decompress_running) {
            R_SUCCEED();
        }
-        R_TRY(condvarWait(std::addressof(can_read), std::addressof(mutex)));
+        R_TRY(condvarWait(std::addressof(can_decompress_write), std::addressof(write_mutex)));
    }

-    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(mutexUnlock(std::addressof(mutex)));
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(mutexUnlock(std::addressof(write_mutex)));
    R_TRY(GetResults());
    write_buffers.ringbuf_push(buf, 0);
    return condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_write));
 }

 Result ThreadData::GetWriteBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf_out, s64& off_out) {
-    mutexLock(std::addressof(mutex));
+    mutexLock(std::addressof(write_mutex));
    if (!write_buffers.ringbuf_size()) {
-        if (!read_running) {
+        if (!decompress_running) {
            buf_out.resize(0);
            R_SUCCEED();
        }
-        R_TRY(condvarWait(std::addressof(can_write), std::addressof(mutex)));
+        R_TRY(condvarWait(std::addressof(can_write), std::addressof(write_mutex)));
    }

-    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(mutexUnlock(std::addressof(mutex)));
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(mutexUnlock(std::addressof(write_mutex)));
    R_TRY(GetResults());
    write_buffers.ringbuf_pop(buf_out, off_out);
-    return condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_read));
+    return condvarWakeOne(std::addressof(can_decompress_write));
 }

 Result ThreadData::SetPullBuf(std::vector<u8>& buf, s64 size) {
@@ -296,6 +369,7 @@ Result ThreadData::readFuncInternal() {

    while (this->read_offset < this->write_size && R_SUCCEEDED(this->GetResults())) {
        // read more data
+        const auto buffer_offset = this->read_offset.load();
        s64 read_size = this->read_buffer_size;

        u64 bytes_read{};
@@ -306,13 +380,82 @@ Result ThreadData::readFuncInternal() {
        }

        auto buf_size = bytes_read;
-        R_TRY(this->SetWriteBuf(buf, buf_size));
+        R_TRY(this->SetDecompressBuf(buf, buffer_offset, buf_size));
    }

    log_write("finished read thread success!\n");
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

+// read thread reads all data from the source
+Result ThreadData::decompressFuncInternal() {
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT( decompress_running = false; );
+
+    std::vector<u8> buf{};
+    std::vector<u8> temp_buf{};
+    buf.reserve(this->read_buffer_size);
+    temp_buf.reserve(this->read_buffer_size);
+    const auto temp_buf_flush_max = this->read_buffer_size / 2;
+
+    while (this->decompress_offset < this->write_size && R_SUCCEEDED(this->GetResults())) {
+        s64 decompress_buf_off{};
+        R_TRY(this->GetDecompressBuf(buf, decompress_buf_off));
+        if (buf.empty()) {
+            log_write("exiting decompress func early because no data was received\n");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (this->dfunc) {
+            R_TRY(this->dfunc(buf.data(), decompress_buf_off, buf.size(), [&](const void* _data, s64 size) -> Result {
+                auto data = (const u8*)_data;
+
+                while (size) {
+                    const auto block_off = temp_buf.size();
+                    const auto rsize = std::min<s64>(size, temp_buf_flush_max - block_off);
+
+                    temp_buf.resize(block_off + rsize);
+                    std::memcpy(temp_buf.data() + block_off, data, rsize);
+
+                    if (temp_buf.size() == temp_buf_flush_max) {
+                        // log_write("flushing data: %zu %.2f MiB\n", temp_buf.size(), temp_buf.size() / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
+                        R_TRY(this->SetWriteBuf(temp_buf, temp_buf.size()));
+                        temp_buf.resize(0);
+                    }
+
+                    size -= rsize;
+                    this->decompress_offset += rsize;
+                    data += rsize;
+
+                    // const auto buf_off = temp_buf.size();
+                    // temp_buf.resize(buf_off + size);
+                    // std::memcpy(temp_buf.data() + buf_off, data, size);
+                    // this->decompress_offset += size;
+
+                    // if (temp_buf.size() >= temp_buf_flush_max) {
+                    //     // log_write("flushing data: %zu %.2f MiB\n", temp_buf.size(), temp_buf.size() / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
+                    //     R_TRY(this->SetWriteBuf(temp_buf, temp_buf.size()));
+                    //     temp_buf.resize(0);
+                    // }
+                }
+
+                R_SUCCEED();
+            }));
+        } else {
+            this->decompress_offset += buf.size();
+            R_TRY(this->SetWriteBuf(buf, buf.size()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // flush buffer.
+    if (!temp_buf.empty()) {
+        log_write("flushing data: %zu\n", temp_buf.size());
+        R_TRY(this->SetWriteBuf(temp_buf, temp_buf.size()));
+    }
+
+    log_write("finished decompress thread success!\n");
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
 // write thread writes data to wfunc.
 Result ThreadData::writeFuncInternal() {
    ON_SCOPE_EXIT( write_running = false; );
@@ -349,17 +492,20 @@ void readFunc(void* d) {
    log_write("read thread returned now\n");
 }

+void decompressFunc(void* d) {
+    log_write("hello decomp thread func\n");
+    auto t = static_cast<ThreadData*>(d);
+    t->SetDecompressResult(t->decompressFuncInternal());
+    log_write("decompress thread returned now\n");
+}
+
 void writeFunc(void* d) {
    auto t = static_cast<ThreadData*>(d);
    t->SetWriteResult(t->writeFuncInternal());
    log_write("write thread returned now\n");
 }

-auto GetAlternateCore(int id) {
-    return id == 1 ? 2 : 1;
-}
-
-Result TransferInternal(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const WriteCallback& wfunc, const StartCallback2& sfunc, Mode mode, u64 buffer_size = NORMAL_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+Result TransferInternal(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const DecompressCallback& dfunc, const WriteCallback& wfunc, const StartCallback2& sfunc, Mode mode, u64 buffer_size = NORMAL_BUFFER_SIZE) {
    const auto is_file_based_emummc = App::IsFileBaseEmummc();

    if (is_file_based_emummc) {
@@ -403,27 +549,30 @@ Result TransferInternal(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfu
        R_SUCCEED();
    }
    else {
-        const auto WRITE_THREAD_CORE = sfunc ? pbox->GetCpuId() : GetAlternateCore(pbox->GetCpuId());
-        const auto READ_THREAD_CORE = GetAlternateCore(WRITE_THREAD_CORE);
-
-        ThreadData t_data{pbox, size, rfunc, wfunc, buffer_size};
+        ThreadData t_data{pbox, size, rfunc, dfunc, wfunc, buffer_size};

        Thread t_read{};
-        R_TRY(threadCreate(&t_read, readFunc, std::addressof(t_data), nullptr, 1024*256, 0x3B, READ_THREAD_CORE));
+        R_TRY(utils::CreateThread(&t_read, readFunc, std::addressof(t_data)));
        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(threadClose(&t_read));

+        Thread t_decompress{};
+        R_TRY(utils::CreateThread(&t_decompress, decompressFunc, std::addressof(t_data)));
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(threadClose(&t_decompress));
+
        Thread t_write{};
-        R_TRY(threadCreate(&t_write, writeFunc, std::addressof(t_data), nullptr, 1024*256, 0x3B, WRITE_THREAD_CORE));
+        R_TRY(utils::CreateThread(&t_write, writeFunc, std::addressof(t_data)));
        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(threadClose(&t_write));

        const auto start_threads = [&]() -> Result {
            log_write("starting threads\n");
            R_TRY(threadStart(std::addressof(t_read)));
+            R_TRY(threadStart(std::addressof(t_decompress)));
            R_TRY(threadStart(std::addressof(t_write)));
            R_SUCCEED();
        };

        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(threadWaitForExit(std::addressof(t_read)));
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(threadWaitForExit(std::addressof(t_decompress)));
        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(threadWaitForExit(std::addressof(t_write)));

        if (sfunc) {
@@ -463,6 +612,8 @@ Result TransferInternal(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfu

            if (R_FAILED(waitSingleHandle(t_read.handle, 1000))) {
                continue;
+            } else if (R_FAILED(waitSingleHandle(t_decompress.handle, 1000))) {
+                continue;
            } else if (R_FAILED(waitSingleHandle(t_write.handle, 1000))) {
                continue;
            }
@@ -485,18 +636,22 @@ Result TransferInternal(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfu
 } // namespace

 Result Transfer(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const WriteCallback& wfunc, Mode mode) {
-    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, wfunc, nullptr, mode);
+    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, nullptr, wfunc, nullptr, mode);
+}
+
+Result Transfer(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const DecompressCallback& dfunc, const WriteCallback& wfunc, Mode mode) {
+    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, dfunc, wfunc, nullptr, mode);
 }

 Result TransferPull(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const StartCallback& sfunc, Mode mode) {
-    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, nullptr, [sfunc](StartThreadCallback start, PullCallback pull) -> Result {
+    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, nullptr, nullptr, [sfunc](StartThreadCallback start, PullCallback pull) -> Result {
        R_TRY(start());
        return sfunc(pull);
    }, mode);
 }

 Result TransferPull(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, s64 size, const ReadCallback& rfunc, const StartCallback2& sfunc, Mode mode) {
-    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, nullptr, sfunc, mode);
+    return TransferInternal(pbox, size, rfunc, nullptr, nullptr, sfunc, mode);
 }

 Result TransferUnzip(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, void* zfile, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path, s64 size, u32 crc32, Mode mode) {
@@ -537,6 +692,7 @@ Result TransferUnzip(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, void* zfile, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::F
            *bytes_read = result;
            R_SUCCEED();
        },
+        nullptr,
        [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
            return f.Write(off, data, size, FsWriteOption_None);
        },
@@ -568,6 +724,7 @@ Result TransferZip(ui::ProgressBox* pbox, void* zfile, fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsP
            }
            return rc;
        },
+        nullptr,
        [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
            if (ZIP_OK != zipWriteInFileInZip(zfile, data, size)) {
                log_write("failed to write zip file: %s\n", path.s);
--- a/sphaira/source/title_info.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/title_info.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include "yati/nx/nca.hpp"
 #include "yati/nx/ncm.hpp"

+#include "utils/thread.hpp"
+
 #include <cstring>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <ranges>
@@ -18,9 +20,6 @@
 namespace sphaira::title {
 namespace {

-constexpr int THREAD_PRIO = PRIO_PREEMPTIVE;
-constexpr int THREAD_CORE = 1;
-
 struct ThreadData {
    ThreadData(bool title_cache);

@@ -383,8 +382,7 @@ Result Init() {
        }

        g_thread_data = std::make_unique<ThreadData>(true);
-        R_TRY(threadCreate(&g_thread, ThreadFunc, g_thread_data.get(), nullptr, 1024*32, THREAD_PRIO, THREAD_CORE));
-        svcSetThreadCoreMask(g_thread.handle, THREAD_CORE, THREAD_AFFINITY_DEFAULT(THREAD_CORE));
+        R_TRY(utils::CreateThread(&g_thread, ThreadFunc, g_thread_data.get(), 1024*32));
        R_TRY(threadStart(&g_thread));
    }

--- a/sphaira/source/ui/error_box.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/error_box.cpp
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ auto GetCodeMessage(Result rc) -> const char* {
        case Result_ThemezerFailedToDownloadTheme: return "SphairaError_ThemezerFailedToDownloadTheme";
        case Result_MainFailedToDownloadUpdate: return "SphairaError_MainFailedToDownloadUpdate";
        case Result_UsbDsBadDeviceSpeed: return "SphairaError_UsbDsBadDeviceSpeed";
+        case Result_NcaBadMagic: return "SphairaError_NcaBadMagic";
        case Result_NspBadMagic: return "SphairaError_NspBadMagic";
        case Result_XciBadMagic: return "SphairaError_XciBadMagic";
        case Result_XciSecurePartitionNotFound: return "SphairaError_XciSecurePartitionNotFound";
@@ -147,6 +148,16 @@ auto GetCodeMessage(Result rc) -> const char* {
        case Result_YatiCertNotFound: return "SphairaError_YatiCertNotFound";
        case Result_YatiNcmDbCorruptHeader: return "SphairaError_YatiNcmDbCorruptHeader";
        case Result_YatiNcmDbCorruptInfos: return "SphairaError_YatiNcmDbCorruptInfos";
+
+        case Result_NszFailedCreateCctx: return "SphairaError_NszFailedCreateCctx";
+        case Result_NszFailedSetCompressionLevel: return "SphairaError_NszFailedSetCompressionLevel";
+        case Result_NszFailedSetThreadCount: return "SphairaError_NszFailedSetThreadCount";
+        case Result_NszFailedSetLongDistanceMode: return "SphairaError_NszFailedSetLongDistanceMode";
+        case Result_NszFailedResetCctx: return "SphairaError_NszFailedResetCctx";
+        case Result_NszFailedCompress2: return "SphairaError_NszFailedCompress2";
+        case Result_NszFailedCompressStream2: return "SphairaError_NszFailedCompressStream2";
+        case Result_NszTooManyBlocks: return "SphairaError_NszTooManyBlocks";
+        case Result_NszMissingBlocks: return "SphairaError_NszMissingBlocks";
    }

    return "";
@@ -166,7 +177,7 @@ ErrorBox::ErrorBox(const std::string& message) : m_message{message} {
        SetPop();
    }});

-    App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::SoundEffect_Error);
+    App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Error);
 }

 ErrorBox::ErrorBox(Result code, const std::string& message) : ErrorBox{message} {
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/list.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/list.cpp
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ auto List::ScrollDown(s64& index, s64 step, s64 count) -> bool {
    }

    if (index != old_index) {
-        App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Scroll);
+        App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Scroll);
        s64 delta = index - old_index;
        s64 start = m_yoff / max * m_row;

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ auto List::ScrollUp(s64& index, s64 step, s64 count) -> bool {
    }

    if (index != old_index) {
-        App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Scroll);
+        App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Scroll);
        s64 start = m_yoff / max * m_row;

        while (index < start) {
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/appstore.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/appstore.cpp
@@ -577,13 +577,13 @@ EntryMenu::EntryMenu(Entry& entry, const LazyImage& default_icon, Menu& menu)
        std::make_pair(Button::DPAD_DOWN | Button::RS_DOWN, Action{[this](){
            if (m_index < (m_options.size() - 1)) {
                SetIndex(m_index + 1);
-                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            }
        }}),
        std::make_pair(Button::DPAD_UP | Button::RS_UP, Action{[this](){
            if (m_index != 0) {
                SetIndex(m_index - 1);
-                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            }
        }}),
        std::make_pair(Button::X, Action{"Options"_i18n, [this](){
@@ -1007,7 +1007,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/file_viewer.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/file_viewer.cpp
@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ namespace {

 } // namespace

-Menu::Menu(const fs::FsPath& path) : MenuBase{path, MenuFlag_None}, m_path{path} {
+Menu::Menu(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path)
+: MenuBase{path, MenuFlag_None}
+, m_fs{fs}
+, m_path{path} {
    SetAction(Button::B, Action{"Back"_i18n, [this](){
        SetPop();
    }});

    std::string buf;
-    if (R_SUCCEEDED(m_fs.OpenFile(m_path, FsOpenMode_Read, &m_file))) {
+    if (R_SUCCEEDED(m_fs->OpenFile(m_path, FsOpenMode_Read, &m_file))) {
        m_file.GetSize(&m_file_size);
        buf.resize(m_file_size + 1);

--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/filebrowser.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/filebrowser.cpp
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 #include "ui/menus/filebrowser.hpp"
 #include "ui/menus/homebrew.hpp"
+#include "ui/menus/file_viewer.hpp"
+#include "ui/menus/image_viewer.hpp"
+
 #include "ui/sidebar.hpp"
 #include "ui/option_box.hpp"
 #include "ui/popup_list.hpp"
 #include "ui/progress_box.hpp"
 #include "ui/error_box.hpp"
-#include "ui/menus/file_viewer.hpp"
+#include "ui/music_player.hpp"

 #include "utils/devoptab.hpp"

@@ -28,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "yati/yati.hpp"
 #include "yati/source/file.hpp"

+#include <usbdvd.h>
 #include <minIni.h>
 #include <minizip/zip.h>
 #include <minizip/unzip.h>
@@ -80,10 +84,10 @@ constexpr FsEntry FS_ENTRIES[]{

 constexpr std::string_view AUDIO_EXTENSIONS[] = {
    "mp3", "ogg", "flac", "wav", "aac" "ac3", "aif", "asf", "bfwav",
-    "bfsar", "bfstm",
+    "bfsar", "bfstm", "bwav",
 };
 constexpr std::string_view VIDEO_EXTENSIONS[] = {
-    "mp4", "mkv", "m3u", "m3u8", "hls", "vob", "avi", "dv", "flv", "m2ts",
+    "mp4", "mkv", "m3u", "m3u8", "hls", "vob", "avi", "dv", "flv", "m2ts", "webm",
    "m2v", "m4a", "mov", "mpeg", "mpg", "mts", "swf", "ts", "vob", "wma", "wmv",
 };
 constexpr std::string_view IMAGE_EXTENSIONS[] = {
@@ -98,6 +102,9 @@ constexpr std::string_view NSP_EXTENSIONS[] = {
 constexpr std::string_view XCI_EXTENSIONS[] = {
    "xci", "xcz",
 };
+constexpr std::string_view NCA_EXTENSIONS[] = {
+    "nca", "ncz",
+};
 // these are files that are already compressed or encrypted and should
 // be stored raw in a zip file.
 constexpr std::string_view COMPRESSED_EXTENSIONS[] = {
@@ -106,6 +113,16 @@ constexpr std::string_view COMPRESSED_EXTENSIONS[] = {
 constexpr std::string_view ZIP_EXTENSIONS[] = {
    "zip",
 };
+// supported music playback extensions.
+constexpr std::string_view MUSIC_EXTENSIONS[] = {
+    "bfstm", "bfwav", "wav", "mp3", "ogg", "adf",
+};
+// supported theme music playback extensions.
+constexpr std::span THEME_MUSIC_EXTENSIONS = MUSIC_EXTENSIONS;
+
+constexpr std::string_view CDDVD_EXTENSIONS[] = {
+    "iso", "cue",
+};

 struct RomDatabaseEntry {
    // uses the naming scheme from retropie.
@@ -473,8 +490,10 @@ FsView::FsView(Base* menu, const std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>& fs, const fs::FsPath&
        }})
    );

+    log_write("setting side\n");
    SetSide(m_side);

+    log_write("getting path\n");
    auto buf = path;
    if (path.empty() && entry.IsSd()) {
        ini_gets("paths", "last_path", entry.root, buf, sizeof(buf), App::CONFIG_PATH);
@@ -485,7 +504,9 @@ FsView::FsView(Base* menu, const std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>& fs, const fs::FsPath&
        buf = entry.root;
    }

+    log_write("setting fs\n");
    SetFs(fs, buf, entry);
+    log_write("set fs\n");
 }

 FsView::FsView(FsView* view, ViewSide side) : FsView{view->m_menu, view->m_fs, view->m_path, view->m_fs_entry, side} {
@@ -509,7 +530,7 @@ void FsView::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -574,8 +595,9 @@ void FsView::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) {
        if (e.IsDir()) {
            // NOTE: this takes longer than 16ms when opening a new folder due to it
            // checking all 9 folders at once.
-            if (!got_dir_count && e.file_count == -1 && e.dir_count == -1) {
+            if (!got_dir_count && !e.done_stat && e.file_count == -1 && e.dir_count == -1) {
                got_dir_count = true;
+                e.done_stat = true;
                m_fs->DirGetEntryCount(GetNewPath(e), &e.file_count, &e.dir_count);
            }

@@ -586,7 +608,8 @@ void FsView::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) {
                gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, x + w - text_xoffset, y + (h / 2.f) + 3, 16.f, NVG_ALIGN_RIGHT | NVG_ALIGN_TOP, theme->GetColour(text_id), "%zd dirs"_i18n.c_str(), e.dir_count);
            }
        } else if (e.IsFile()) {
-            if (!e.time_stamp.is_valid) {
+            if (!e.time_stamp.is_valid && !e.done_stat) {
+                e.done_stat = true;
                const auto path = GetNewPath(e);
                if (m_fs->IsNative()) {
                    m_fs->GetFileTimeStampRaw(path, &e.time_stamp);
@@ -686,12 +709,44 @@ void FsView::OnClick() {
                        nro_launch(GetNewPathCurrent());
                    }
                });
+        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), NCA_EXTENSIONS)) {
+            MountFileFs(devoptab::MountNca, devoptab::UmountNca);
        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), NSP_EXTENSIONS)) {
-            MountNspFs();
+            MountFileFs(devoptab::MountNsp, devoptab::UmountNsp);
        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), XCI_EXTENSIONS)) {
-            MountXciFs();
+            MountFileFs(devoptab::MountXci, devoptab::UmountXci);
        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), "zip")) {
-            MountZipFs();
+            MountFileFs(devoptab::MountZip, devoptab::UmountZip);
+        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), "bfsar")) {
+            MountFileFs(devoptab::MountBfsar, devoptab::UmountBfsar);
+        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), MUSIC_EXTENSIONS)) {
+            App::Push<music::Menu>(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent());
+        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), IMAGE_EXTENSIONS)) {
+            App::Push<imageview::Menu>(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent());
+        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), CDDVD_EXTENSIONS)) {
+            std::shared_ptr<CUSBDVD> usbdvd;
+
+            if (entry.GetExtension() == "cue") {
+                const auto cue_path = GetNewPathCurrent();
+                fs::FsPath bin_path = cue_path;
+                std::strcpy(std::strstr(bin_path, ".cue"), ".bin");
+                if (m_fs->FileExists(bin_path)) {
+                    usbdvd = std::make_shared<CUSBDVD>(cue_path, bin_path);
+                }
+            } else {
+                usbdvd = std::make_shared<CUSBDVD>(GetNewPathCurrent());
+            }
+
+            if (usbdvd && usbdvd->usbdvd_drive_ctx.fs.mounted) {
+                auto fs = std::make_shared<FsStdioWrapper>(usbdvd->usbdvd_drive_ctx.fs.mountpoint, [usbdvd](){
+                    // dummy func to keep shared_ptr alive until fs is closed.
+                });
+
+                MountFsHelper(fs, usbdvd->usbdvd_drive_ctx.fs.disc_fstype);
+                log_write("[USBDVD] mounted\n");
+            } else {
+                log_write("[USBDVD] failed to mount\n");
+            }
        } else if (IsExtension(entry.GetExtension(), INSTALL_EXTENSIONS)) {
            InstallFiles();
        } else if (IsSd()) {
@@ -1926,9 +1981,9 @@ void FsView::DisplayAdvancedOptions() {
        });
    }

-    if (IsSd() && m_entries_current.size() && !m_selected_count && GetEntry().IsFile() && GetEntry().file_size < 1024*64) {
+    if (m_entries_current.size() && !m_selected_count && GetEntry().IsFile() && GetEntry().file_size < 1024*64) {
        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("View as text (unfinished)"_i18n, [this](){
-            App::Push<fileview::Menu>(GetNewPathCurrent());
+            App::Push<fileview::Menu>(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent());
        });
    }

@@ -1938,6 +1993,13 @@ void FsView::DisplayAdvancedOptions() {
        });
    }

+    if (m_entries_current.size() && !m_selected_count && IsExtension(GetEntry().GetExtension(), THEME_MUSIC_EXTENSIONS)) {
+        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Set as background music"_i18n, [this](){
+            const auto rc = App::SetDefaultBackgroundMusic(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent());
+            App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to set default music path"_i18n);
+        });
+    }
+
    if (m_entries_current.size() && !m_selected_count && GetEntry().IsFile()) {
        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Hash"_i18n, [this](){
            auto options = std::make_unique<Sidebar>("Hash Options"_i18n, Sidebar::Side::RIGHT);
@@ -1955,6 +2017,15 @@ void FsView::DisplayAdvancedOptions() {
            options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("SHA256"_i18n, [this](){
                DisplayHash(hash::Type::Sha256);
            });
+            options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("/dev/null (Speed Test)"_i18n, [this](){
+                DisplayHash(hash::Type::Null);
+            });
+            options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Deflate (Speed Test)"_i18n, [this](){
+                DisplayHash(hash::Type::Deflate);
+            });
+            options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("ZSTD (Speed Test)"_i18n, [this](){
+                DisplayHash(hash::Type::Zstd);
+            });
        });
    }

@@ -1964,42 +2035,14 @@ void FsView::DisplayAdvancedOptions() {
    });
 }

-void FsView::MountNspFs() {
+void FsView::MountFileFs(const MountFsFunc& mount_func, const UmountFsFunc& umount_func) {
    fs::FsPath mount;
-    const auto rc = devoptab::MountNsp(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent(), mount);
-    App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount NSP."_i18n);
+    const auto rc = mount_func(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent(), mount);
+    App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount FS."_i18n);

    if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
-        auto fs = std::make_shared<FsStdioWrapper>(mount, [mount](){
-            devoptab::UmountNsp(mount);
-        });
-
-        MountFsHelper(fs, GetEntry().GetName());
-    }
-}
-
-void FsView::MountXciFs() {
-    fs::FsPath mount;
-    const auto rc = devoptab::MountXci(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent(), mount);
-    App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount XCI."_i18n);
-
-    if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
-        auto fs = std::make_shared<FsStdioWrapper>(mount, [mount](){
-            devoptab::UmountXci(mount);
-        });
-
-        MountFsHelper(fs, GetEntry().GetName());
-    }
-}
-
-void FsView::MountZipFs() {
-    fs::FsPath mount;
-    const auto rc = devoptab::MountZip(GetFs(), GetNewPathCurrent(), mount);
-    App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount zip."_i18n);
-
-    if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
-        auto fs = std::make_shared<FsStdioWrapper>(mount, [mount](){
-            devoptab::UmountZip(mount);
+        auto fs = std::make_shared<FsStdioWrapper>(mount, [mount, umount_func](){
+            umount_func(mount);
        });

        MountFsHelper(fs, GetEntry().GetName());
@@ -2007,32 +2050,15 @@ void FsView::MountZipFs() {
 }

 Base::Base(u32 flags, u32 options)
-: Base{CreateFs(FS_ENTRY_DEFAULT), FS_ENTRY_DEFAULT, {}, false, flags, options} {
+: MenuBase{"FileBrowser"_i18n, flags}
+, m_options{options} {
+    Init(CreateFs(FS_ENTRY_DEFAULT), FS_ENTRY_DEFAULT, {}, false);
 }

 Base::Base(const std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>& fs, const FsEntry& fs_entry, const fs::FsPath& path, bool is_custom, u32 flags, u32 options)
 : MenuBase{"FileBrowser"_i18n, flags}
 , m_options{options} {
-    if (m_options & FsOption_CanSplit) {
-        SetAction(Button::L3, Action{"Split"_i18n, [this](){
-            SetSplitScreen(IsSplitScreen() ^ 1);
-        }});
-    }
-
-    if (!IsTab()) {
-        SetAction(Button::SELECT, Action{"Close"_i18n, [this](){
-            PromptIfShouldExit();
-        }});
-    }
-
-    if (is_custom) {
-        m_custom_fs = fs;
-        m_custom_fs_entry = fs_entry;
-    }
-
-    view_left = std::make_unique<FsView>(this, fs, path, fs_entry, ViewSide::Left);
-    view = view_left.get();
-    ueventCreate(&g_change_uevent, true);
+    Init(fs, fs_entry, path, is_custom);
 }

 void Base::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
@@ -2355,6 +2381,31 @@ auto Base::CreateFs(const FsEntry& fs_entry) -> std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs> {
    std::unreachable();
 }

+void Base::Init(const std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>& fs, const FsEntry& fs_entry, const fs::FsPath& path, bool is_custom) {
+    if (m_options & FsOption_CanSplit) {
+        SetAction(Button::L3, Action{"Split"_i18n, [this](){
+            SetSplitScreen(IsSplitScreen() ^ 1);
+        }});
+    }
+
+    if (!IsTab()) {
+        SetAction(Button::SELECT, Action{"Close"_i18n, [this](){
+            PromptIfShouldExit();
+        }});
+    }
+
+    if (is_custom) {
+        m_custom_fs = fs;
+        m_custom_fs_entry = fs_entry;
+    }
+
+    log_write("creating view\n");
+
+    view_left = std::make_unique<FsView>(this, fs, path, fs_entry, ViewSide::Left);
+    view = view_left.get();
+    ueventCreate(&g_change_uevent, true);
+}
+
 void MountFsHelper(const std::shared_ptr<fs::Fs>& fs, const fs::FsPath& name) {
    const filebrowser::FsEntry fs_entry{
        .name = name,
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/ftp_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/ftp_menu.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "ui/menus/ftp_menu.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
@@ -106,5 +104,3 @@ void Menu::OnDisableInstallMode() {
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::ftp
-
-#endif
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/game_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/game_menu.cpp
@@ -7,9 +7,13 @@
 #include "image.hpp"
 #include "swkbd.hpp"

+#include "utils/utils.hpp"
+#include "utils/nsz_dumper.hpp"
+
 #include "ui/menus/game_menu.hpp"
 #include "ui/menus/game_meta_menu.hpp"
 #include "ui/menus/save_menu.hpp"
+#include "ui/menus/gc_menu.hpp" // remove when gc event pr is merged.
 #include "ui/sidebar.hpp"
 #include "ui/error_box.hpp"
 #include "ui/option_box.hpp"
@@ -50,6 +54,11 @@ struct NspSource final : dump::BaseSource {
        return rc;
    }

+    Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size) {
+        u64 bytes_read = 0;
+        return Read(path, buf, off, size, &bytes_read);
+    }
+
    auto GetName(const std::string& path) const -> std::string {
        const auto it = std::ranges::find_if(m_entries, [&path](auto& e){
            return path.find(e.path.s) != path.npos;
@@ -86,11 +95,57 @@ struct NspSource final : dump::BaseSource {
        return App::GetDefaultImage();
    }

+    Result GetEntryFromPath(const std::string& path, NspEntry& out) const {
+        const auto it = std::ranges::find_if(m_entries, [&path](auto& e){
+            return path.find(e.path.s) != path.npos;
+        });
+        R_UNLESS(it != m_entries.end(), Result_GameBadReadForDump);
+
+        out = *it;
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
 private:
    std::vector<NspEntry> m_entries{};
    bool m_is_file_based_emummc{};
 };

+Result NszExport(ProgressBox* pbox, const keys::Keys& keys, dump::BaseSource* _source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path) {
+    auto source = (NspSource*)_source;
+
+    NspEntry entry;
+    R_TRY(source->GetEntryFromPath(path, entry));
+
+    const auto nca_creator = [&entry](const nca::Header& header, const keys::KeyEntry& title_key, const utils::nsz::Collection& collection) {
+        const auto content_id = ncm::GetContentIdFromStr(collection.name.c_str());
+        return std::make_unique<nca::NcaReader>(
+            header, &title_key, collection.size,
+            std::make_shared<ncm::NcmSource>(&entry.cs, &content_id)
+        );
+    };
+
+    auto& collections = entry.collections;
+    s64 read_offset = entry.nsp_data.size();
+    s64 write_offset = entry.nsp_data.size();
+
+    R_TRY(utils::nsz::NszExport(pbox, nca_creator, read_offset, write_offset, collections, keys, source, writer, path));
+
+    // zero base the offsets.
+    for (auto& collection : collections) {
+        collection.offset -= entry.nsp_data.size();
+    }
+
+    // build new nsp collection with the updated offsets and sizes.
+    s64 nsp_size = 0;
+    const auto nsp_data = yati::container::Nsp::Build(collections, nsp_size);
+    R_TRY(writer->Write(nsp_data.data(), 0, nsp_data.size()));
+
+    // update with actual size.
+    R_TRY(writer->SetSize(nsp_size));
+
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
 Result Notify(Result rc, const std::string& error_message) {
    if (R_FAILED(rc)) {
        App::Push<ui::ErrorBox>(rc,
@@ -135,18 +190,6 @@ void LoadControlEntry(Entry& e, bool force_image_load = false) {
    }
 }

-struct HashStr {
-    char str[0x21];
-};
-
-HashStr hexIdToStr(auto id) {
-    HashStr str{};
-    const auto id_lower = std::byteswap(*(u64*)id.c);
-    const auto id_upper = std::byteswap(*(u64*)(id.c + 0x8));
-    std::snprintf(str.str, 0x21, "%016lx%016lx", id_lower, id_upper);
-    return str;
-}
-
 void FreeEntry(NVGcontext* vg, Entry& e) {
    nvgDeleteImage(vg, e.image);
    e.image = 0;
@@ -324,26 +367,15 @@ Menu::Menu(u32 flags) : grid::Menu{"Games"_i18n, flags} {
                    );
                });

-                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export NSP"_i18n, [this](){
-                    auto options = std::make_unique<Sidebar>("Select content to export"_i18n, Sidebar::Side::RIGHT);
-                    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(App::Push(std::move(options)));
+                auto export_nsp = options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export NSP"_i18n, [this](){
+                    ExportOptions(false);
+                });
+                export_nsp->Depends(App::IsApplication, "Not supported in Applet Mode"_i18n);

-                    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export All"_i18n, [this](){
-                        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_All);
-                    }, true);
-                    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export Application"_i18n, [this](){
-                        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_Application);
-                    }, true);
-                    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export Patch"_i18n, [this](){
-                        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_Patch);
-                    }, true);
-                    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export AddOnContent"_i18n, [this](){
-                        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_AddOnContent);
-                    }, true);
-                    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export DataPatch"_i18n, [this](){
-                        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_DataPatch);
-                    }, true);
-                }, true);
+                auto export_nsz = options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export NSZ"_i18n, [this](){
+                    ExportOptions(true);
+                },  "Exports to NSZ (compressed NSP)"_i18n);
+                export_nsz->Depends(App::IsApplication, "Not supported in Applet Mode"_i18n);

                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export options"_i18n, [this](){
                    App::DisplayDumpOptions(false);
@@ -418,6 +450,9 @@ Menu::Menu(u32 flags) : grid::Menu{"Games"_i18n, flags} {
    ns::Initialize();
    es::Initialize();
    title::Init();
+
+    fsOpenGameCardDetectionEventNotifier(std::addressof(m_gc_event_notifier));
+    fsEventNotifierGetEventHandle(std::addressof(m_gc_event_notifier), std::addressof(m_gc_event), true);
 }

 Menu::~Menu() {
@@ -426,9 +461,15 @@ Menu::~Menu() {
    FreeEntries();
    ns::Exit();
    es::Exit();
+
+    eventClose(std::addressof(m_gc_event));
+    fsEventNotifierClose(std::addressof(m_gc_event_notifier));
 }

 void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
+    // force update if gamecard state changed.
+    m_dirty |= R_SUCCEEDED(eventWait(&m_gc_event, 0));
+
    if (m_dirty) {
        App::Notify("Updating application record list"_i18n);
        SortAndFindLastFile(true);
@@ -439,7 +480,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -538,7 +579,7 @@ void Menu::ScanHomebrew() {
                continue;
            }

-            m_entries.emplace_back(e.application_id, e.type);
+            m_entries.emplace_back(e.application_id, e.last_event);
        }

        offset += record_count;
@@ -640,16 +681,37 @@ void Menu::DeleteGames() {
    });
 }

-void Menu::DumpGames(u32 flags) {
+void Menu::ExportOptions(bool to_nsz) {
+    auto options = std::make_unique<Sidebar>("Select content to export"_i18n, Sidebar::Side::RIGHT);
+    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(App::Push(std::move(options)));
+
+    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export All"_i18n, [this, to_nsz](){
+        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_All, to_nsz);
+    }, true);
+    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export Application"_i18n, [this, to_nsz](){
+        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_Application, to_nsz);
+    }, true);
+    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export Patch"_i18n, [this, to_nsz](){
+        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_Patch, to_nsz);
+    }, true);
+    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export AddOnContent"_i18n, [this, to_nsz](){
+        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_AddOnContent, to_nsz);
+    }, true);
+    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export DataPatch"_i18n, [this, to_nsz](){
+        DumpGames(title::ContentFlag_DataPatch, to_nsz);
+    }, true);
+}
+
+void Menu::DumpGames(u32 flags, bool to_nsz) {
    auto targets = GetSelectedEntries();
    ClearSelection();

    std::vector<NspEntry> nsp_entries;
    for (auto& e : targets) {
-        BuildNspEntries(e, flags, nsp_entries);
+        BuildNspEntries(e, flags, nsp_entries, to_nsz);
    }

-    DumpNsp(nsp_entries);
+    DumpNsp(nsp_entries, to_nsz);
 }

 void Menu::CreateSaves(AccountUid uid) {
@@ -762,7 +824,7 @@ void DeleteMetaEntries(u64 app_id, int image, const std::string& name, const tit
    });
 }

-auto BuildNspPath(const Entry& e, const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status) -> fs::FsPath {
+auto BuildNspPath(const Entry& e, const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, bool to_nsz) -> fs::FsPath {
    fs::FsPath name_buf = e.GetName();
    title::utilsReplaceIllegalCharacters(name_buf, true);

@@ -778,17 +840,19 @@ auto BuildNspPath(const Entry& e, const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status)
        }
    }

+    const auto ext = to_nsz ? "nsz" : "nsp";
+
    fs::FsPath path;
    if (App::GetApp()->m_dump_app_folder.Get()) {
-        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s %s[%016lX][v%u][%s].nsp", name_buf.s, name_buf.s, version, status.application_id, status.version, ncm::GetMetaTypeShortStr(status.meta_type));
+        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s %s[%016lX][v%u][%s].%s", name_buf.s, name_buf.s, version, status.application_id, status.version, ncm::GetMetaTypeShortStr(status.meta_type), ext);
    } else {
-        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s %s[%016lX][v%u][%s].nsp", name_buf.s, version, status.application_id, status.version, ncm::GetMetaTypeShortStr(status.meta_type));
+        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s %s[%016lX][v%u][%s].%s", name_buf.s, version, status.application_id, status.version, ncm::GetMetaTypeShortStr(status.meta_type), ext);
    }

    return path;
 }

-Result BuildContentEntry(const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, ContentInfoEntry& out) {
+Result BuildContentEntry(const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, ContentInfoEntry& out, bool to_nsz) {
    NcmMetaData meta;
    R_TRY(GetNcmMetaFromMetaStatus(status, meta));

@@ -824,14 +888,14 @@ Result BuildContentEntry(const NsApplicationContentMetaStatus& status, ContentIn
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-Result BuildNspEntry(const Entry& e, const ContentInfoEntry& info, const keys::Keys& keys, NspEntry& out) {
+Result BuildNspEntry(const Entry& e, const ContentInfoEntry& info, const keys::Keys& keys, NspEntry& out, bool to_nsz) {
    out.application_name = e.GetName();
-    out.path = BuildNspPath(e, info.status);
+    out.path = BuildNspPath(e, info.status, to_nsz);
    s64 offset{};

    for (auto& e : info.content_infos) {
        char nca_name[64];
-        std::snprintf(nca_name, sizeof(nca_name), "%s%s", hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str, e.content_type == NcmContentType_Meta ? ".cnmt.nca" : ".nca");
+        std::snprintf(nca_name, sizeof(nca_name), "%s%s", utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str, e.content_type == NcmContentType_Meta ? ".cnmt.nca" : ".nca");

        u64 size;
        ncmContentInfoSizeToU64(std::addressof(e), std::addressof(size));
@@ -856,10 +920,10 @@ Result BuildNspEntry(const Entry& e, const ContentInfoEntry& info, const keys::K
        R_TRY(es::PatchTicket(entry.tik_data, entry.cert_data, key_gen, keys, App::GetApp()->m_dump_convert_to_common_ticket.Get()));

        char tik_name[64];
-        std::snprintf(tik_name, sizeof(tik_name), "%s%s", hexIdToStr(rights_id).str, ".tik");
+        std::snprintf(tik_name, sizeof(tik_name), "%s%s", utils::hexIdToStr(rights_id).str, ".tik");

        char cert_name[64];
-        std::snprintf(cert_name, sizeof(cert_name), "%s%s", hexIdToStr(rights_id).str, ".cert");
+        std::snprintf(cert_name, sizeof(cert_name), "%s%s", utils::hexIdToStr(rights_id).str, ".cert");

        out.collections.emplace_back(tik_name, offset, entry.tik_data.size());
        offset += entry.tik_data.size();
@@ -876,7 +940,7 @@ Result BuildNspEntry(const Entry& e, const ContentInfoEntry& info, const keys::K
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, const title::MetaEntries& meta_entries, std::vector<NspEntry>& out) {
+Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, const title::MetaEntries& meta_entries, std::vector<NspEntry>& out, bool to_nsz) {
    LoadControlEntry(e);

    keys::Keys keys;
@@ -887,7 +951,7 @@ Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, const title::MetaEntries& meta_entries, std::ve
        R_TRY(BuildContentEntry(status, info));

        NspEntry nsp;
-        R_TRY(BuildNspEntry(e, info, keys, nsp));
+        R_TRY(BuildNspEntry(e, info, keys, nsp, to_nsz));
        out.emplace_back(nsp).icon = e.image;
    }

@@ -895,21 +959,36 @@ Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, const title::MetaEntries& meta_entries, std::ve
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, u32 flags, std::vector<NspEntry>& out) {
+Result BuildNspEntries(Entry& e, u32 flags, std::vector<NspEntry>& out, bool to_nsz) {
    title::MetaEntries meta_entries;
    R_TRY(GetMetaEntries(e, meta_entries, flags));

-    return BuildNspEntries(e, meta_entries, out);
+    return BuildNspEntries(e, meta_entries, out, to_nsz);
 }

-void DumpNsp(const std::vector<NspEntry>& entries) {
+void DumpNsp(const std::vector<NspEntry>& entries, bool to_nsz) {
    std::vector<fs::FsPath> paths;
    for (auto& e : entries) {
-        paths.emplace_back(fs::AppendPath("/dumps/NSP", e.path));
+        if (to_nsz) {
+            paths.emplace_back(fs::AppendPath("/dumps/NSZ", e.path));
+        } else {
+            paths.emplace_back(fs::AppendPath("/dumps/NSP", e.path));
+        }
    }

    auto source = std::make_shared<NspSource>(entries);
-    dump::Dump(source, paths);
+
+    if (to_nsz) {
+        // todo: log keys error.
+        keys::Keys keys;
+        keys::parse_keys(keys, true);
+
+        dump::Dump(source, paths, [keys](ProgressBox* pbox, dump::BaseSource* source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path) {
+            return NszExport(pbox, keys, source, writer, path);
+        });
+    } else {
+        dump::Dump(source, paths);
+    }
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::game
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/game_meta_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/game_meta_menu.cpp
@@ -86,7 +86,11 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry) : MenuBase{entry.GetName(), MenuFlag_None}, m_entry{ent

            if (!m_entries.empty()) {
                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export NSP"_i18n, [this](){
-                    DumpGames();
+                    DumpGames(false);
+                });
+
+                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export NSZ"_i18n, [this](){
+                    DumpGames(true);
                });

                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export options"_i18n, [this](){
@@ -153,7 +157,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -345,14 +349,14 @@ Result Menu::GetNcmSizeOfMetaStatus(MetaEntry& entry) const {
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-void Menu::DumpGames() {
+void Menu::DumpGames(bool to_nsz) {
    const auto entries = GetSelectedEntries();
    App::PopToMenu();

    std::vector<NspEntry> nsps;
-    BuildNspEntries(m_entry, entries, nsps);
+    BuildNspEntries(m_entry, entries, nsps, to_nsz);

-    DumpNsp(nsps);
+    DumpNsp(nsps, to_nsz);
 }

 void Menu::DeleteGames() {
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/game_nca_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/game_nca_menu.cpp
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #include "yati/nx/keys.hpp"
 #include "yati/nx/crypto.hpp"

+#include "utils/utils.hpp"
+#include "utils/devoptab.hpp"
+
 #include "title_info.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "dumper.hpp"
@@ -26,18 +29,6 @@
 namespace sphaira::ui::menu::game::meta_nca {
 namespace {

-struct HashStr {
-    char str[0x21];
-};
-
-HashStr hexIdToStr(auto id) {
-    HashStr str{};
-    const auto id_lower = std::byteswap(*(u64*)id.c);
-    const auto id_upper = std::byteswap(*(u64*)(id.c + 0x8));
-    std::snprintf(str.str, 0x21, "%016lx%016lx", id_lower, id_upper);
-    return str;
-}
-
 struct NcaHashSource final : hash::BaseSource {
    NcaHashSource(NcmContentStorage* cs, const NcaEntry& entry) : m_cs{cs}, m_entry{entry} {
    }
@@ -67,7 +58,7 @@ struct NcaSource final : dump::BaseSource {

    Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
        const auto it = std::ranges::find_if(m_entries, [&path](auto& e){
-            return path.find(hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str) != path.npos;
+            return path.find(utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str) != path.npos;
        });
        R_UNLESS(it != m_entries.end(), Result_GameBadReadForDump);

@@ -85,11 +76,11 @@ struct NcaSource final : dump::BaseSource {

    auto GetName(const std::string& path) const -> std::string {
        const auto it = std::ranges::find_if(m_entries, [&path](auto& e){
-            return path.find(hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str) != path.npos;
+            return path.find(utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str) != path.npos;
        });

        if (it != m_entries.end()) {
-            return hexIdToStr(it->content_id).str;
+            return utils::hexIdToStr(it->content_id).str;
        }

        return {};
@@ -97,7 +88,7 @@ struct NcaSource final : dump::BaseSource {

    auto GetSize(const std::string& path) const -> s64 {
        const auto it = std::ranges::find_if(m_entries, [&path](auto& e){
-            return path.find(hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str) != path.npos;
+            return path.find(utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str) != path.npos;
        });

        if (it != m_entries.end()) {
@@ -172,7 +163,8 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry, const meta::MetaEntry& meta_entry)
        std::make_pair(Button::A, Action{"Mount Fs"_i18n, [this](){
            // todo: handle error here.
            if (!m_entries.empty() && !GetEntry().missing) {
-                MountNcaFs();
+                const auto rc = MountNcaFs();
+                App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount NCA"_i18n);
            }
        }}),
        std::make_pair(Button::B, Action{"Back"_i18n, [this](){
@@ -187,16 +179,23 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry, const meta::MetaEntry& meta_entry)
                    DumpNcas();
                });

+                // todo:
+                #if 0
+                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Export NCA decrypted"_i18n, [this](){
+                    DumpNcas();
+                }, "Exports the NCA with all fs sections decrypted (NCA header is still encrypted)."_i18n);
+                #endif
+
                options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Verify NCA 256 hash"_i18n, [this](){
                    static std::string hash_out;
                    hash_out.clear();

-                    App::Push<ProgressBox>(m_entry.image, "Hashing"_i18n, hexIdToStr(GetEntry().content_id).str, [this](auto pbox) -> Result{
+                    App::Push<ProgressBox>(m_entry.image, "Hashing"_i18n, utils::hexIdToStr(GetEntry().content_id).str, [this](auto pbox) -> Result{
                        auto source = std::make_unique<NcaHashSource>(m_meta.cs, GetEntry());
                        return hash::Hash(pbox, hash::Type::Sha256, source.get(), hash_out);
                    }, [this](Result rc){
                        App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to hash file..."_i18n);
-                        const auto str = hexIdToStr(GetEntry().content_id);
+                        const auto str = utils::hexIdToStr(GetEntry().content_id);

                        if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
                            if (std::strncmp(hash_out.c_str(), str.str, std::strlen(str.str))) {
@@ -227,6 +226,7 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry, const meta::MetaEntry& meta_entry)
    parse_keys(keys, false);

    if (R_FAILED(GetNcmMetaFromMetaStatus(m_meta_entry.status, m_meta))) {
+        log_write("[NCA-MENU] failed to GetNcmMetaFromMetaStatus()\n");
        SetPop();
        return;
    }
@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry, const meta::MetaEntry& meta_entry)
    // get the content meta header.
    ncm::ContentMeta content_meta;
    if (R_FAILED(ncm::GetContentMeta(m_meta.db, &m_meta.key, content_meta))) {
+        log_write("[NCA-MENU] failed to ncm::GetContentMeta()\n");
        SetPop();
        return;
    }
@@ -241,6 +242,7 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry, const meta::MetaEntry& meta_entry)
    // fetch all the content infos.
    std::vector<NcmContentInfo> infos;
    if (R_FAILED(ncm::GetContentInfos(m_meta.db, &m_meta.key, content_meta.header, infos))) {
+        log_write("[NCA-MENU] failed to ncm::GetContentInfos()\n");
        SetPop();
        return;
    }
@@ -252,12 +254,17 @@ Menu::Menu(Entry& entry, const meta::MetaEntry& meta_entry)
        ncmContentInfoSizeToU64(&info, &entry.size);

        bool has = false;
-        ncmContentMetaDatabaseHasContent(m_meta.db, &has, &m_meta.key, &info.content_id);
+        if (R_FAILED(ncmContentMetaDatabaseHasContent(m_meta.db, &has, &m_meta.key, &info.content_id)) || !has) {
+            log_write("[NCA-MENU] does not have nca!\n");
+        }
        entry.missing = !has;

+        // decrypt header.
        if (has && R_SUCCEEDED(ncmContentStorageReadContentIdFile(m_meta.cs, &entry.header, sizeof(entry.header), &info.content_id, 0))) {
-            // decrypt header.
+            log_write("[NCA-MENU] reading to decrypt header\n");
            crypto::cryptoAes128Xts(&entry.header, &entry.header, keys.header_key, 0, 0x200, sizeof(entry.header), false);
+        } else {
+            log_write("[NCA-MENU] failed to read nca from ncm\n");
        }

        m_entries.emplace_back(entry);
@@ -283,7 +290,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -337,7 +344,7 @@ void Menu::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) {
        }

        gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, x + text_xoffset, y + (h / 2.f), 20.f, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_MIDDLE, theme->GetColour(text_id), "%s", ncm::GetContentTypeStr(e.content_type));
-        gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, x + text_xoffset + 185, y + (h / 2.f), 20.f, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_MIDDLE, theme->GetColour(text_id), "%s", hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str);
+        gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, x + text_xoffset + 185, y + (h / 2.f), 20.f, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_MIDDLE, theme->GetColour(text_id), "%s", utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str);

        if ((double)e.size / 1024.0 / 1024.0 <= 0.009) {
            gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, x + w - text_xoffset, y + (h / 2.f), 16.f, NVG_ALIGN_RIGHT | NVG_ALIGN_MIDDLE, theme->GetColour(text_id), "%.2f KiB", (double)e.size / 1024.0);
@@ -384,7 +391,7 @@ void Menu::DumpNcas() {
    std::vector<fs::FsPath> paths;
    for (auto& e : entries) {
        char nca_name[64];
-        std::snprintf(nca_name, sizeof(nca_name), "%s%s", hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str, e.content_type == NcmContentType_Meta ? ".cnmt.nca" : ".nca");
+        std::snprintf(nca_name, sizeof(nca_name), "%s%s", utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str, e.content_type == NcmContentType_Meta ? ".cnmt.nca" : ".nca");

        fs::FsPath path;
        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/dumps/NCA/%s %s[%016lX][v%u][%s]/%s", name_buf.s, version, m_meta_entry.status.application_id, m_meta_entry.status.version, ncm::GetMetaTypeShortStr(m_meta_entry.status.meta_type), nca_name);
@@ -393,25 +400,36 @@ void Menu::DumpNcas() {
    }

    auto source = std::make_shared<NcaSource>(m_meta.cs, m_entry.image, entries);
-    dump::Dump(source, paths, [](Result){}, dump::DumpLocationFlag_All &~ dump::DumpLocationFlag_UsbS2S);
+    dump::Dump(source, paths, nullptr, dump::DumpLocationFlag_All &~ dump::DumpLocationFlag_UsbS2S);
 }

 Result Menu::MountNcaFs() {
    const auto& e = GetEntry();

+    // mount using devoptab instead if fails.
    FsFileSystemType type;
-    R_TRY(GetFsFileSystemType(e.header.content_type, type));
+    if (R_FAILED(GetFsFileSystemType(e.header.content_type, type))) {
+        fs::FsPath root;
+        R_TRY(devoptab::MountNcaNcm(m_meta.cs, &e.content_id, root));

-    // get fs path from ncm.
-    u64 program_id;
-    fs::FsPath path;
-    R_TRY(ncm::GetFsPathFromContentId(m_meta.cs, m_meta.key, e.content_id, &program_id, &path));
+        auto fs = std::make_shared<filebrowser::FsStdioWrapper>(root, [root](){
+            devoptab::UmountNca(root);
+        });

-    // ensure that mounting worked.
-    auto fs = std::make_shared<fs::FsNativeId>(program_id, type, path);
-    R_TRY(fs->GetFsOpenResult());
+        filebrowser::MountFsHelper(fs, utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str);
+    } else {
+        // get fs path from ncm.
+        u64 program_id;
+        fs::FsPath path;
+        R_TRY(ncm::GetFsPathFromContentId(m_meta.cs, m_meta.key, e.content_id, &program_id, &path));
+
+        // ensure that mounting worked.
+        auto fs = std::make_shared<fs::FsNativeId>(program_id, type, path);
+        R_TRY(fs->GetFsOpenResult());
+
+        filebrowser::MountFsHelper(fs, utils::hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str);
+    }

-    filebrowser::MountFsHelper(fs, hexIdToStr(e.content_id).str);
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/gc_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/gc_menu.cpp
@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@

 #include "yati/yati.hpp"
 #include "yati/nx/nca.hpp"
+#include "yati/container/xci.hpp"
+
+#include "utils/utils.hpp"
+#include "utils/nsz_dumper.hpp"
+#include "utils/devoptab.hpp"

 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
@@ -17,16 +22,39 @@
 #include "dumper.hpp"
 #include "image.hpp"
 #include "title_info.hpp"
+#include "threaded_file_transfer.hpp"

 #include <cstring>
 #include <algorithm>

+// from Gamecard-Installer-NX
+extern "C" {
+
+Result fsOpenGameCardStorage(FsStorage* out, const FsGameCardHandle* handle, FsGameCardPartitionRaw partition) {
+    const struct {
+        FsGameCardHandle handle;
+        u32 partition;
+    } in = { *handle, (u32)partition };
+
+    return serviceDispatchIn(fsGetServiceSession(), 30, in, .out_num_objects = 1, .out_objects = &out->s);
+}
+
+Result fsOpenGameCardDetectionEventNotifier(FsEventNotifier* out) {
+    return serviceDispatch(fsGetServiceSession(), 501,
+        .out_num_objects = 1,
+        .out_objects = &out->s
+    );
+}
+
+}
+
 namespace sphaira::ui::menu::gc {
 namespace {

 constexpr u32 XCI_MAGIC = std::byteswap(0x48454144);
 constexpr u32 REMOUNT_ATTEMPT_MAX = 8; // same as nxdumptool.
-constexpr const char* DUMP_BASE_PATH = "/dumps/Gamecard";
+constexpr const char* DUMP_GAMECARD_BASE_PATH = "/dumps/Gamecard";
+constexpr const char* DUMP_XCZ_BASE_PATH = "/dumps/XCZ";

 enum DumpFileType {
    DumpFileType_XCI,
@@ -35,6 +63,7 @@ enum DumpFileType {
    DumpFileType_UID,
    DumpFileType_Cert,
    DumpFileType_Initial,
+    DumpFileType_XCZ,
 };

 enum DumpFileFlag {
@@ -50,9 +79,9 @@ enum DumpFileFlag {

 const char *g_option_list[] = {
    "Install",
-    "Export",
-    "Mount",
-    "Exit",
+    "Export XCI (Gamecard)",
+    "Export XCZ (Compressed XCI)",
+    "Mount Fs",
 };

 auto GetXciSizeFromRomSize(u8 rom_size) -> s64 {
@@ -90,6 +119,7 @@ auto GetDumpTypeStr(u8 type) -> const char* {
        case DumpFileType_UID: return " (Card UID).bin";
        case DumpFileType_Cert: return " (Certificate).bin";
        case DumpFileType_Initial: return " (Initial Data).bin";
+        case DumpFileType_XCZ: return ".xcz";
    }

    return "";
@@ -128,22 +158,27 @@ auto BuildFullDumpPath(DumpFileType type, std::span<const ApplicationEntry> entr
    const auto base_path = BuildXciBasePath(entries);
    fs::FsPath out;

-    if (use_folder) {
-        if (App::GetApp()->m_dump_append_folder_with_xci.Get()) {
-            out = base_path + ".xci/" + base_path + GetDumpTypeStr(type);
-        } else {
-            out = base_path + "/" + base_path + GetDumpTypeStr(type);
-        }
-    } else {
+    if (type == DumpFileType_XCZ) {
        out = base_path + GetDumpTypeStr(type);
-    }
+        return fs::AppendPath(DUMP_XCZ_BASE_PATH, out);
+    } else {
+        if (use_folder) {
+            if (App::GetApp()->m_dump_append_folder_with_xci.Get()) {
+                out = base_path + ".xci/" + base_path + GetDumpTypeStr(type);
+            } else {
+                out = base_path + "/" + base_path + GetDumpTypeStr(type);
+            }
+        } else {
+            out = base_path + GetDumpTypeStr(type);
+        }

-    return fs::AppendPath(DUMP_BASE_PATH, out);
+        return fs::AppendPath(DUMP_GAMECARD_BASE_PATH, out);
+    }
 }

 auto BuildFullDumpPath(DumpFileType type, std::span<const ApplicationEntry> entries) -> fs::FsPath {
    // check if the base path is too long.
-    const auto max_len = fs::FsPathReal::FS_REAL_MAX_LENGTH - std::strlen(DUMP_BASE_PATH) - 30;
+    const auto max_len = fs::FsPathReal::FS_REAL_MAX_LENGTH - std::strlen(DUMP_GAMECARD_BASE_PATH) - 30;
    auto use_folder = App::GetApp()->m_dump_app_folder.Get();

    for (;;) {
@@ -174,7 +209,7 @@ auto BuildFullDumpPath(DumpFileType type, std::span<const ApplicationEntry> entr
 // @Gc is the mount point, S is for secure partion, the remaining is the
 // the gamecard handle value in lower-case hex.
 auto BuildGcPath(const char* name, const FsGameCardHandle* handle, FsGameCardPartition partiton = FsGameCardPartition_Secure) -> fs::FsPath {
-    static const char mount_parition[] = {
+    static const char mount_partition[] = {
        [FsGameCardPartition_Update] = 'U',
        [FsGameCardPartition_Normal] = 'N',
        [FsGameCardPartition_Secure] = 'S',
@@ -182,7 +217,7 @@ auto BuildGcPath(const char* name, const FsGameCardHandle* handle, FsGameCardPar
    };

    fs::FsPath path;
-    std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "@Gc%c%08x://%s", mount_parition[partiton], handle->value, name);
+    std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "@Gc%c%08x://%s", mount_partition[partiton], handle->value, name);
    return path;
 }

@@ -200,7 +235,7 @@ struct XciSource final : dump::BaseSource {
    int icon{};

    Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
-        if (path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_XCI))) {
+        if (path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_XCI)) || path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_XCZ))) {
            size = ClipSize(off, size, xci_size);
            *bytes_read = size;
            return menu->GcStorageRead(buf, off, size);
@@ -231,7 +266,7 @@ struct XciSource final : dump::BaseSource {
    }

    auto GetSize(const std::string& path) const -> s64 override {
-        if (path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_XCI))) {
+        if (path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_XCI)) || path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_XCZ))) {
            return xci_size;
        } else if (path.ends_with(GetDumpTypeStr(DumpFileType_Set))) {
            return id_set.size();
@@ -259,33 +294,175 @@ private:
    }
 };

-struct HashStr {
-    char str[0x21];
+struct Test final : yati::source::Base {
+    Test(Menu* menu) : m_menu{menu} {
+
+    }
+
+    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+        R_TRY(m_menu->GcStorageRead(buf, off, size));
+        *bytes_read = size;
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+private:
+    Menu* m_menu;
 };

-HashStr hexIdToStr(auto id) {
-    HashStr str{};
-    const auto id_lower = std::byteswap(*(u64*)id.c);
-    const auto id_upper = std::byteswap(*(u64*)(id.c + 0x8));
-    std::snprintf(str.str, 0x21, "%016lx%016lx", id_lower, id_upper);
-    return str;
-}
+struct NcaReader final : yati::source::Base {
+    NcaReader(Test* source, s64 offset) : m_source{source}, m_offset{offset} {

-// from Gamecard-Installer-NX
-Result fsOpenGameCardStorage(FsStorage* out, const FsGameCardHandle* handle, FsGameCardPartitionRaw partition) {
-    const struct {
-        FsGameCardHandle handle;
-        u32 partition;
-    } in = { *handle, (u32)partition };
+    }

-    return serviceDispatchIn(fsGetServiceSession(), 30, in, .out_num_objects = 1, .out_objects = &out->s);
-}
+    Result Read(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+        return m_source->Read(buf, m_offset + off, size, bytes_read);
+    }

-Result fsOpenGameCardDetectionEventNotifier(FsEventNotifier* out) {
-    return serviceDispatch(fsGetServiceSession(), 501,
-        .out_num_objects = 1,
-        .out_objects = &out->s
-    );
+private:
+    Test* m_source;
+    const s64 m_offset;
+};
+
+Result NszExport(ProgressBox* pbox, const keys::Keys& keys, dump::BaseSource* _source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path) {
+    auto source = (XciSource*)_source;
+
+    const auto threaded_write = [&](const std::string& name, s64& read_offset, s64& write_offset, s64 size) -> Result {
+        if (size > 0) {
+            pbox->NewTransfer(name);
+
+            R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, size,
+                [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
+                    return source->Read(path, data, read_offset + off, size, bytes_read);
+                },
+                [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
+                    return writer->Write(data, write_offset + off, size);
+                }
+            ));
+
+            read_offset += size;
+            write_offset += size;
+        }
+
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    };
+
+    // writes padding between partitions and files.
+    const auto write_padding = [&](const std::string& name, s64& read_offset, s64& write_offset, s64 size) -> Result {
+        return threaded_write("Writing padding - " + name, read_offset, write_offset, size);
+    };
+
+    Test yati_source(source->menu);
+    yati::container::Xci xci{&yati_source};
+
+    yati::container::Xci::Root root;
+    R_TRY(xci.GetRoot(root));
+
+    //
+    s64 read_offset = 0;
+    s64 write_offset = 0;
+
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < std::size(root.partitions); i++) {
+        auto& partition = root.partitions[i];
+        auto& hfs0 = partition.hfs0;
+        auto& collections = partition.collections;
+
+        log_write("\tpartition name: %s offset: %zu size: %zu\n", partition.name.c_str(), partition.hfs0_offset, partition.hfs0_size);
+
+        // read pading before hfs0
+        R_TRY(write_padding("hfs0 before", read_offset, write_offset, partition.hfs0_offset - read_offset));
+
+        // offset to the hfs0.
+        const auto hfs0_offset = write_offset;
+        // offset to the data within the hfs0.
+        const auto hfs0_data_offset = hfs0_offset + hfs0.GetHfs0Size();
+        // offset to the hfs0 within the root hfs0.
+        const auto root_hfs0_data_offset = write_offset - root.hfs0.data_offset;
+
+        // calculate the expected size of the partition.
+        s64 expected_hfs0_data_size = 0;
+        for (auto& collection : partition.collections) {
+            expected_hfs0_data_size += collection.size;
+        }
+
+        if (!partition.collections.empty()) {
+            R_TRY(write_padding(partition.name, read_offset, write_offset, partition.collections[0].offset - read_offset));
+        } else {
+            // empty hfs0, write it as is.
+            log_write("empty hfs0 offset: %zu size: %zu get size: %zu\n", hfs0.data_offset, partition.hfs0_size, hfs0.GetHfs0Size());
+            R_UNLESS(partition.hfs0_size == hfs0.GetHfs0Size(), 21);
+            // R_UNLESS(hfs0.data_offset == 0, 14);
+            R_TRY(write_padding(partition.name, read_offset, write_offset, partition.hfs0_size));
+        }
+
+        const auto nca_creator = [&yati_source](const nca::Header& header, const keys::KeyEntry& title_key, const utils::nsz::Collection& collection) {
+            return std::make_unique<nca::NcaReader>(
+                header, &title_key, collection.size,
+                std::make_shared<NcaReader>(&yati_source, collection.offset)
+            );
+        };
+
+        // todo: update write offset.
+        R_TRY(utils::nsz::NszExport(pbox, nca_creator, read_offset, write_offset, collections, keys, source, writer, path));
+
+        // update offset / size in file table and calculate new total data size.
+        s64 new_hfs0_data_size = 0;
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < std::size(collections); i++) {
+            auto& collection = collections[i];
+            auto& file_table = hfs0.file_table[i];
+
+            // const auto offset = collection.offset - hfs0_data_offset;
+            // log_write("offset: %zu\n", offset);
+            // log_write("collection.offset: %zu\n", collection.offset);
+            // log_write("hfs0.data_offset: %zu\n", hfs0.data_offset);
+            // log_write("file_table.data_offset: %zu\n", file_table.data_offset);
+
+            // R_UNLESS(file_table.data_offset == offset, 8);
+            // R_UNLESS(file_table.data_size = collection.size, 9);
+
+            // update file and string table from collection.
+            file_table.data_offset = collection.offset - hfs0_data_offset;
+            file_table.data_size = collection.size;
+            hfs0.string_table[i] = collection.name;
+            new_hfs0_data_size += collection.size;
+        }
+
+        // update offset and size of hfs0 in root file table.
+        auto& root_file_table = root.hfs0.file_table[i];
+        const auto hfs0_data_size = root_file_table.data_size - (expected_hfs0_data_size - new_hfs0_data_size);
+
+        log_write("hfs0.data_offset: %zu\n", hfs0.data_offset);
+        log_write("old data offset: %zu\n", root_file_table.data_offset);
+        log_write("new data offset: %zu\n\n", root_hfs0_data_offset);
+
+        log_write("old data size: %zu\n", root_file_table.data_size);
+        log_write("new data size: %zu\n", hfs0_data_size);
+
+        // R_UNLESS(root_file_table.data_offset == root_hfs0_data_offset, 5);
+        // R_UNLESS(root_file_table.data_size == hfs0_data_size, 6);
+
+        root_file_table.data_offset = root_hfs0_data_offset;
+        root_file_table.data_size = hfs0_data_size;
+
+        // re-write updated hfs0 partition.
+        // R_UNLESS(partition.hfs0_offset == hfs0_offset, 7);
+        const auto hfs0_data = hfs0.GetHfs0Data();
+        R_TRY(writer->Write(hfs0_data.data(), hfs0_offset, hfs0_data.size()));
+    }
+
+    // add remaining padding, if needed.
+    R_TRY(write_padding("hfs0 partition", read_offset, write_offset, read_offset % 512));
+
+    // re-write updated root partition.
+    const auto root_data = root.hfs0.GetHfs0Data();
+    R_TRY(writer->Write(root_data.data(), root.hfs0_offset, root_data.size()));
+
+    log_write("read_offset: %zu\n", read_offset);
+    log_write("write_offset: %zu\n", write_offset);
+
+    // update with actual size.
+    R_TRY(writer->SetSize(write_offset));
+
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }

 struct GcSource final : yati::source::Base {
@@ -401,51 +578,49 @@ auto ApplicationEntry::GetSize() const -> s64 {
 Menu::Menu(u32 flags) : MenuBase{"GameCard"_i18n, flags} {
    this->SetActions(
        std::make_pair(Button::A, Action{"OK"_i18n, [this](){
-            if (m_option_index == 3) {
-                SetPop();
-            } else {
-                if (!m_mounted) {
-                    return;
+            if (!m_mounted) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (m_option_index == 0) {
+                if (!App::GetInstallEnable()) {
+                    App::ShowEnableInstallPrompt();
+                } else {
+                    log_write("[GC] doing install A\n");
+                    App::Push<ui::ProgressBox>(m_icon, "Installing "_i18n, m_entries[m_entry_index].lang_entry.name, [this](auto pbox) -> Result {
+                        auto source = std::make_unique<GcSource>(m_entries[m_entry_index], m_fs.get());
+                        return yati::InstallFromCollections(pbox, source.get(), source->m_collections, source->m_config);
+                    }, [this](Result rc){
+                        App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Gc install failed!"_i18n);
+
+                        if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
+                            App::Notify("Gc install success!"_i18n);
+                        }
+                    });
                }
+            } else if (m_option_index == 1) {
+                auto options = std::make_unique<Sidebar>("Select content to dump"_i18n, Sidebar::Side::RIGHT);
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT(App::Push(std::move(options)));

-                if (m_option_index == 0) {
-                    if (!App::GetInstallEnable()) {
-                        App::ShowEnableInstallPrompt();
-                    } else {
-                        log_write("[GC] doing install A\n");
-                        App::Push<ui::ProgressBox>(m_icon, "Installing "_i18n, m_entries[m_entry_index].lang_entry.name, [this](auto pbox) -> Result {
-                            auto source = std::make_unique<GcSource>(m_entries[m_entry_index], m_fs.get());
-                            return yati::InstallFromCollections(pbox, source.get(), source->m_collections, source->m_config);
-                        }, [this](Result rc){
-                            App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Gc install failed!"_i18n);
+                const auto add = [&](const std::string& name, u32 flags){
+                    options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>(name, [this, flags](){
+                        DumpGames(flags);
+                        m_dirty = true;
+                    }, true);
+                };

-                            if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc)) {
-                                App::Notify("Gc install success!"_i18n);
-                            }
-                        });
-                    }
-                } else if (m_option_index == 1) {
-                    auto options = std::make_unique<Sidebar>("Select content to dump"_i18n, Sidebar::Side::RIGHT);
-                    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(App::Push(std::move(options)));
-
-                    const auto add = [&](const std::string& name, u32 flags){
-                        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>(name, [this, flags](){
-                            DumpGames(flags);
-                            m_dirty = true;
-                        }, true);
-                    };
-
-                    add("Export All"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_All);
-                    add("Export All Bins"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_AllBin);
-                    add("Export XCI"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_XCI);
-                    add("Export Card ID Set"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_Set);
-                    add("Export Card UID"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_UID);
-                    add("Export Certificate"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_Cert);
-                    add("Export Initial Data"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_Initial);
-                } else if (m_option_index == 2) {
-                    const auto rc = MountGcFs();
-                    App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount GameCard filesystem"_i18n);
-                }
+                add("Export All"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_All);
+                add("Export All Bins"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_AllBin);
+                add("Export XCI"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_XCI);
+                add("Export Card ID Set"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_Set);
+                add("Export Card UID"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_UID);
+                add("Export Certificate"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_Cert);
+                add("Export Initial Data"_i18n, DumpFileFlag_Initial);
+            } else if (m_option_index == 2) {
+                DumpXcz(0);
+            } else if (m_option_index == 3) {
+                const auto rc = MountGcFs();
+                App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount GameCard filesystem"_i18n);
            }
        }}),
        std::make_pair(Button::B, Action{"Back"_i18n, [this](){
@@ -497,7 +672,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_option_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            m_option_index = i;
        }
    });
@@ -551,7 +726,7 @@ void Menu::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) {
            gfx::drawRect(vg, 490, text_y - 45.f / 2.f, 2, 45, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT_SELECTED));
            colour = ThemeEntryID_TEXT_SELECTED;
        }
-        if (i != 3 && !m_mounted) {
+        if (!m_mounted) {
            colour = ThemeEntryID_TEXT_INFO;
        }

@@ -632,7 +807,7 @@ Result Menu::GcMount() {
            }

            // find the nca file, this will never fail for gamecards, see above comment.
-            const auto str = hexIdToStr(info.content_id);
+            const auto str = utils::hexIdToStr(info.content_id);
            const auto it = std::find_if(buf.cbegin(), buf.cend(), [str](auto& e){
                return !std::strncmp(str.str, e.name, std::strlen(str.str));
            });
@@ -735,12 +910,12 @@ Result Menu::GcMountStorage() {
    log_write("[GC] m_storage_full_size: %zd rom_size: 0x%X\n", m_storage_full_size, rom_size);
    R_UNLESS(m_storage_full_size > 0, Result_GcBadXciRomSize);

-    R_TRY(fsStorageGetSize(&m_storage, &m_parition_normal_size));
+    R_TRY(fsStorageGetSize(&m_storage, &m_partition_normal_size));
    R_TRY(GcMountPartition(FsGameCardPartitionRaw_Secure));
-    R_TRY(fsStorageGetSize(&m_storage, &m_parition_secure_size));
+    R_TRY(fsStorageGetSize(&m_storage, &m_partition_secure_size));

    m_storage_trimmed_size = sizeof(header) + trim_size * 512ULL;
-    m_storage_total_size = m_parition_normal_size + m_parition_secure_size;
+    m_storage_total_size = m_partition_normal_size + m_partition_secure_size;
    m_storage_mounted = true;

    log_write("[GC] m_storage_trimmed_size: %zd\n", m_storage_trimmed_size);
@@ -786,11 +961,11 @@ void Menu::GcUnmountPartition() {
 }

 Result Menu::GcStorageReadInternal(void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) {
-    if (off < m_parition_normal_size) {
-        size = std::min<s64>(size, m_parition_normal_size - off);
+    if (off < m_partition_normal_size) {
+        size = std::min<s64>(size, m_partition_normal_size - off);
        R_TRY(GcMountPartition(FsGameCardPartitionRaw_Normal));
    } else {
-        off = off - m_parition_normal_size;
+        off = off - m_partition_normal_size;
        R_TRY(GcMountPartition(FsGameCardPartitionRaw_Secure));
    }

@@ -833,9 +1008,7 @@ Result Menu::GcStorageRead(void* _buf, s64 off, s64 size) {

    if (unaligned_size) {
        R_TRY(GcStorageReadInternal(data, off, sizeof(data), &bytes_read));
-
-        const auto csize = std::min<s64>(size, 0x200 - unaligned_size);
-        std::memcpy(buf, data + unaligned_size, csize);
+        std::memcpy(buf, data, unaligned_size);
    }

    R_SUCCEED();
@@ -867,7 +1040,7 @@ Result Menu::GcOnEvent(bool force) {
            log_write("trying to mount\n");
            m_mounted = R_SUCCEEDED(GcMount());
            if (m_mounted) {
-                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::SoundEffect_Startup);
+                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Startup);
            }
        } else {
            log_write("trying to unmount\n");
@@ -926,6 +1099,30 @@ void Menu::OnChangeIndex(s64 new_index) {
    }
 }

+Result Menu::DumpXcz(u32 flags) {
+    R_TRY(GcMountStorage());
+
+    auto source = std::make_shared<XciSource>();
+    source->menu = this;
+    source->application_name = m_entries[m_entry_index].lang_entry.name;
+    source->icon = m_icon;
+
+    // todo: support for prepending cert area.
+    std::vector<fs::FsPath> paths;
+    source->xci_size = m_storage_trimmed_size;
+    paths.emplace_back(BuildFullDumpPath(DumpFileType_XCZ, m_entries));
+
+    // todo: log keys error.
+    keys::Keys keys;
+    R_TRY(keys::parse_keys(keys, true));
+
+    dump::Dump(source, paths, [keys](ProgressBox* pbox, dump::BaseSource* source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path) {
+        return NszExport(pbox, keys, source, writer, path);
+    });
+
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
 Result Menu::DumpGames(u32 flags) {
    // first, try and mount the storage.
    // this will fill out the xci header, verify and get sizes.
@@ -986,7 +1183,17 @@ Result Menu::DumpGames(u32 flags) {
            paths.emplace_back(BuildFullDumpPath(DumpFileType_Initial, m_entries));
        }

-        dump::Dump(source, paths, [](Result){}, location_flags);
+        if (0) {
+            // todo: log keys error.
+            keys::Keys keys;
+            keys::parse_keys(keys, true);
+
+            dump::Dump(source, paths, [keys](ProgressBox* pbox, dump::BaseSource* source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path) {
+                return NszExport(pbox, keys, source, writer, path);
+            });
+        } else {
+            dump::Dump(source, paths, nullptr, location_flags);
+        }

        R_SUCCEED();
    };
@@ -1105,6 +1312,23 @@ Result Menu::GcGetSecurityInfo(GameCardSecurityInformation& out) {
 }

 Result Menu::MountGcFs() {
+    #if 1
+    R_TRY(GcMountStorage());
+
+    const auto& e = m_entries[m_entry_index];
+    auto source = std::make_shared<Test>(this);
+
+    fs::FsPath root;
+    R_TRY(devoptab::MountXciSource(source, m_storage_trimmed_size, e.lang_entry.name, root));
+
+    auto fs = std::make_shared<filebrowser::FsStdioWrapper>(root, [root](){
+        devoptab::UmountXci(root);
+    });
+
+    filebrowser::MountFsHelper(fs, e.lang_entry.name);
+
+    #else
+    // old code that only mounts secure partition.
    const auto& e = m_entries[m_entry_index];

    auto fs = std::make_shared<fs::FsNative>(&m_fs->m_fs, false);
@@ -1118,6 +1342,7 @@ Result Menu::MountGcFs() {
    };

    App::Push<filebrowser::Menu>(fs, fs_entry, "/");
+    #endif
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/ghdl.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/ghdl.cpp
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -354,16 +354,16 @@ void DownloadEntries(const Entry& entry) {

        PopupList::Items entry_items;
        for (const auto& e : gh_entries) {
-            std::string str;
+            std::string str = " [" + e.published_at.substr(0, 10) + "]";
+
            if (!e.name.empty()) {
-                str += e.name + "   |  ";
+                str += " " + e.name;
            } else {
-                str += e.tag_name + "   |  ";
+                str += " " + e.tag_name;
            }
            if (e.prerelease) {
                str += " (Pre-Release)";
            }
-            str += " [" + e.published_at.substr(0, 10) + "]";

            entry_items.emplace_back(str);
        }
@@ -396,8 +396,7 @@ void DownloadEntries(const Entry& entry) {
                }

                if (!using_name || found) {
-                    std::string str = p.name + "   |  ";
-                    str += " [" + p.updated_at.substr(0, 10) + "]";
+                    std::string str = " [" + p.updated_at.substr(0, 10) + "]" + " " + p.name;

                    asset_items.emplace_back(str);
                    api_assets.emplace_back(p);
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/homebrew.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/homebrew.cpp
@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
 #include "app.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "fs.hpp"
+
 #include "ui/menus/homebrew.hpp"
 #include "ui/menus/filebrowser.hpp"
+
 #include "ui/sidebar.hpp"
 #include "ui/error_box.hpp"
 #include "ui/option_box.hpp"
 #include "ui/progress_box.hpp"
 #include "ui/nvg_util.hpp"
+
+#include "utils/devoptab.hpp"
+#include "utils/profile.hpp"
+
 #include "owo.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
 #include "i18n.hpp"
@@ -84,7 +90,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -192,10 +198,11 @@ void Menu::InstallHomebrew() {
 }

 void Menu::ScanHomebrew() {
-    TimeStamp ts;
    FreeEntries();
-    nro_scan("/switch", m_entries);
-    log_write("nros found: %zu time_taken: %.2f\n", m_entries.size(), ts.GetSecondsD());
+    {
+        SCOPED_TIMESTAMP("nro scan");
+        nro_scan("/switch", m_entries);
+    }

    struct IniUser {
        std::vector<NroEntry>& entires;
@@ -458,6 +465,13 @@ void Menu::DisplayOptions() {
        }, "Shows all hidden homebrew."_i18n);
    });

+    // for testing stuff.
+    #if 0
+    options->Add<SidebarEntrySlider>("Test", 1, 0, 2, 10, [](auto& v_out){
+
+    });
+    #endif
+
    if (!m_entries_current.empty()) {
        #if 0
        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Info"_i18n, [this](){
@@ -472,14 +486,10 @@ void Menu::DisplayOptions() {
        },  "Hides the selected homebrew.\n\n"
            "To unhide homebrew, enable \"Show hidden\" in the sort options."_i18n);

-        auto mount_option = options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Mount RomFS"_i18n, [this](){
-            const auto rc = MountRomfsFs();
-            App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount NRO RomFS"_i18n);
-        },  "Mounts the homebrew RomFS"_i18n);
-
-        mount_option->Depends([this](){
-            return GetEntry().romfs_offset && GetEntry().romfs_size;
-        },  "This homebrew does not have a RomFS"_i18n);
+        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Mount NRO Fs"_i18n, [this](){
+            const auto rc = MountNroFs();
+            App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to mount NRO FileSystem"_i18n);
+        },  "Mounts the NRO FileSystem (icon, nacp and RomFS)."_i18n);

        options->Add<SidebarEntryCallback>("Delete"_i18n, [this](){
            const auto buf = "Are you sure you want to delete "_i18n + GetEntry().path.toString() + "?";
@@ -510,41 +520,17 @@ void Menu::DisplayOptions() {
    }
 }

-struct NroRomFS final : fs::FsStdio {
-    NroRomFS(const fs::FsPath& name, const fs::FsPath& root) : FsStdio{true, root}, m_name{name} {
-
-    }
-
-    ~NroRomFS() {
-        romfsUnmount(m_name);
-    }
-
-    const fs::FsPath m_name;
-};
-
-Result Menu::MountRomfsFs() {
-    static const char* name = "nro_romfs";
-    static const char* root = "nro_romfs:/";
+Result Menu::MountNroFs() {
    const auto& e = GetEntry();

-    // todo: add errors for when nro doesn't have romfs.
-    R_UNLESS(e.romfs_offset, 0x1);
-    R_UNLESS(e.romfs_size, 0x1);
+    fs::FsPath root;
+    R_TRY(devoptab::MountNro(App::GetApp()->m_fs.get(), e.path, root));

-    FsFile file;
-    R_TRY(fsFsOpenFile(fsdevGetDeviceFileSystem("sdmc"), e.path, FsOpenMode_Read, &file));
-
-    const auto rc = romfsMountFromFile(file, e.romfs_offset, name);
-    if (R_FAILED(rc)) {
-        fsFileClose(&file);
-        R_THROW(rc);
-    }
-
-    auto fs = std::make_shared<filebrowser::FsStdioWrapper>(root, [](){
-        romfsUnmount(name);
+    auto fs = std::make_shared<filebrowser::FsStdioWrapper>(root, [root](){
+        devoptab::UmountNro(root);
    });

-    filebrowser::MountFsHelper(fs, e.GetName());
+    filebrowser::MountFsHelper(fs, root);
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/image_viewer.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/image_viewer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+
+#include "ui/menus/image_viewer.hpp"
+#include "ui/nvg_util.hpp"
+#include "app.hpp"
+#include "i18n.hpp"
+#include "image.hpp"
+
+namespace sphaira::ui::menu::imageview {
+namespace {
+
+} // namespace
+
+Menu::Menu(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path) : m_path{path} {
+    SetAction(Button::B, Action{[this](){
+        SetPop();
+    }});
+
+    std::vector<u8> m_image_buf;
+    const auto rc = fs->read_entire_file(path, m_image_buf);
+    if (R_FAILED(rc)) {
+        App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to load image"_i18n);
+        SetPop();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // try and load using nvjpg if possible.
+    u32 flags = ImageFlag_None;
+    if (path.ends_with(".jpg") || path.ends_with(".jpeg")) {
+        flags = ImageFlag_JPEG;
+    }
+
+    const auto result = ImageLoadFromMemory(m_image_buf, flags);
+    if (result.data.empty()) {
+        SetPop();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    m_image = nvgCreateImageRGBA(App::GetVg(), result.w, result.h, 0, result.data.data());
+    if (m_image <= 0) {
+        SetPop();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    m_image_width = result.w;
+    m_image_height = result.h;
+
+    // scale to fit.
+    const auto ws = SCREEN_WIDTH / m_image_width;
+    const auto hs = SCREEN_HEIGHT / m_image_height;
+    m_zoom = std::min(ws, hs);
+
+    UpdateSize();
+}
+
+Menu::~Menu() {
+    nvgDeleteImage(App::GetVg(), m_image);
+}
+
+void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
+    Widget::Update(controller, touch);
+
+    const auto kdown = controller->m_kdown | controller->m_kheld;
+
+    // pan support.
+    constexpr auto max_pan = 10.f;
+    constexpr auto max_panx = max_pan;// * (SCREEN_WIDTH / SCREEN_HEIGHT);
+    constexpr auto max_pany = max_pan;
+
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::LS_LEFT)) {
+        m_xoff += max_panx;
+    }
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::LS_RIGHT)) {
+        m_xoff -= max_panx;
+    }
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::LS_UP)) {
+        m_yoff += max_pany;
+    }
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::LS_DOWN)) {
+        m_yoff -= max_pany;
+    }
+
+    // zoom support, by 1% increments.
+    constexpr auto max_zoom = 0.01f;
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::RS_UP)) {
+        m_zoom += max_zoom;
+    }
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::RS_DOWN)) {
+        m_zoom -= max_zoom;
+    }
+
+    if (controller->Got(kdown, Button::LS_ANY) || controller->Got(kdown, Button::RS_ANY)) {
+        UpdateSize();
+    }
+}
+
+void Menu::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) {
+    gfx::drawRect(vg, 0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, nvgRGB(0, 0, 0));
+    gfx::drawImage(vg, m_xoff + GetX(), m_yoff + GetY(), GetW(), GetH(), m_image);
+
+    // todo: when pan/zoom, show image info to the screen.
+    // todo: maybe show image info by default and option to hide it.
+}
+
+void Menu::UpdateSize() {
+    m_zoom = std::clamp(m_zoom, 0.1f, 4.0f);
+
+    // center pos.
+    const auto cx = SCREEN_WIDTH / 2;
+    const auto cy = SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2;
+
+    // calc position and size.
+    const auto w = m_image_width * m_zoom;
+    const auto h = m_image_height * m_zoom;
+    const auto x = cx - (w / 2);
+    const auto y = cy - (h / 2);
+    SetPos(x, y, w, h);
+
+    // clip edges.
+    if (SCREEN_HEIGHT >= h) {
+        m_yoff = 0;
+        // m_yoff = std::clamp(m_yoff, -y, +y);
+    } else {
+        m_yoff = std::clamp(m_yoff, (SCREEN_HEIGHT - h) - y, (h - SCREEN_HEIGHT) + y);
+    }
+
+    if (SCREEN_WIDTH >= w) {
+        m_xoff = 0;
+        // m_xoff = std::clamp(m_xoff, -x, +x);
+    } else {
+        m_xoff = std::clamp(m_xoff, (SCREEN_WIDTH - w) - x, (w - SCREEN_WIDTH) + x);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::imageview
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/install_stream_menu_base.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/install_stream_menu_base.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "ui/menus/install_stream_menu_base.hpp"
 #include "yati/yati.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
@@ -275,5 +273,3 @@ void Menu::OnInstallClose() {
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::stream
-
-#endif
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/main_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/main_menu.cpp
@@ -67,16 +67,17 @@ const MiscMenuEntry MISC_MENU_ENTRIES[] = {
        "You can backup and restore saves.\n\n"\
        "Experimental support for backing up system saves is possible." },

+#if 0
    { .name = "Themezer", .title = "Themezer", .func = MiscMenuFuncGenerator<ui::menu::themezer::Menu>, .flag = MiscMenuFlag_Shortcut, .info =
        "Download themes from themezer.net. "\
        "Themes are downloaded to /themes/sphaira\n"\
        "To install the themes, NXThemesInstaller needs to be installed (can be downloaded via the AppStore)." },
+#endif

    { .name = "GitHub", .title = "GitHub", .func = MiscMenuFuncGenerator<ui::menu::gh::Menu>, .flag = MiscMenuFlag_Shortcut, .info =
        "Download releases directly from GitHub. "\
        "Custom entries can be added to /config/sphaira/github" },

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
    { .name = "FTP", .title = "FTP Install", .func = MiscMenuFuncGenerator<ui::menu::ftp::Menu>, .flag = MiscMenuFlag_Install, .info =
        "Install apps via FTP.\n\n"\
        "NOTE: This feature does not always work, use at your own risk. "\
@@ -93,7 +94,6 @@ const MiscMenuEntry MISC_MENU_ENTRIES[] = {
        "NOTE: This feature does not always work, use at your own risk. "\
        "If you encounter an issue, do not open an issue, it will not be fixed." },

-#endif
    { .name = "GameCard", .title = "GameCard", .func = MiscMenuFuncGenerator<ui::menu::gc::Menu>, .flag = MiscMenuFlag_Shortcut, .info =
        "View info on the inserted Game Card (GC). "\
        "You can backup and install the inserted GC. "\
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/mtp_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/mtp_menu.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "ui/menus/mtp_menu.hpp"
 #include "usb/usbds.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
@@ -12,10 +10,10 @@
 namespace sphaira::ui::menu::mtp {

 Menu::Menu(u32 flags) : stream::Menu{"MTP Install"_i18n, flags} {
-    m_was_mtp_enabled = App::GetMtpEnable();
+    m_was_mtp_enabled = haze::IsInit();
    if (!m_was_mtp_enabled) {
        log_write("[MTP] wasn't enabled, forcefully enabling\n");
-        App::SetMtpEnable(true);
+        haze::Init();
    }

    haze::InitInstallMode(
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ Menu::~Menu() {

    if (!m_was_mtp_enabled) {
        log_write("[MTP] disabling on exit\n");
-        App::SetMtpEnable(false);
+        haze::Exit();
    }
 }

@@ -59,5 +57,3 @@ void Menu::OnDisableInstallMode() {
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::mtp
-
-#endif
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/save_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/save_menu.cpp
@@ -42,6 +42,42 @@ constexpr const char* NX_SAVE_META_NAME = ".nx_save_meta.bin";

 constinit UEvent g_change_uevent;

+struct DumpSource final : dump::BaseSource {
+    DumpSource(std::span<const std::reference_wrapper<Entry>> entries, std::span<const fs::FsPath> paths)
+    : m_entries{entries}
+    , m_paths{paths} {
+
+    }
+
+    Result Read(const std::string& path, void* buf, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) override {
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    }
+
+    auto GetName(const std::string& path) const -> std::string override {
+        return GetEntry(path).GetName();
+    }
+
+    auto GetSize(const std::string& path) const -> s64 override {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    auto GetIcon(const std::string& path) const -> int override {
+        return GetEntry(path).image;
+    }
+
+    auto GetEntry(const std::string& path) const -> Entry& {
+        const auto itr = std::ranges::find_if(m_paths, [&path](auto& e){
+            return path == e;
+        });
+        const auto index = std::distance(m_paths.begin(), itr);
+        return m_entries[index];
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::span<const std::reference_wrapper<Entry>> m_entries;
+    std::span<const fs::FsPath> m_paths;
+};
+
 // https://github.com/J-D-K/JKSV/issues/264#issuecomment-2618962807
 struct NXSaveMeta {
    u32 magic{}; // NX_SAVE_META_MAGIC
@@ -256,18 +292,6 @@ void LoadControlEntry(Entry& e, bool force_image_load = false) {
    }
 }

-struct HashStr {
-    char str[0x21];
-};
-
-HashStr hexIdToStr(auto id) {
-    HashStr str{};
-    const auto id_lower = std::byteswap(*(u64*)id.c);
-    const auto id_upper = std::byteswap(*(u64*)(id.c + 0x8));
-    std::snprintf(str.str, 0x21, "%016lx%016lx", id_lower, id_upper);
-    return str;
-}
-
 auto BuildSaveName(const Entry& e) -> fs::FsPath {
    fs::FsPath name_buf = e.GetName();
    title::utilsReplaceIllegalCharacters(name_buf, true);
@@ -389,7 +413,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -691,14 +715,9 @@ void Menu::DisplayOptions() {
 }

 void Menu::BackupSaves(std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Entry>>& entries) {
-    dump::DumpGetLocation("Select backup location"_i18n, dump::DumpLocationFlag_SdCard|dump::DumpLocationFlag_Stdio, [this, entries](const dump::DumpLocation& location){
+    dump::DumpGetLocation("Select backup location"_i18n, dump::DumpLocationFlag_SdCard|dump::DumpLocationFlag_Stdio|dump::DumpLocationFlag_Usb, [this, entries](const dump::DumpLocation& location){
        App::Push<ProgressBox>(0, "Backup"_i18n, "", [this, entries, location](auto pbox) -> Result {
-            for (auto& e : entries) {
-                // the entry may not have loaded yet.
-                LoadControlEntry(e);
-                R_TRY(BackupSaveInternal(pbox, location, e, m_compress_save_backup.Get()));
-            }
-            R_SUCCEED();
+            return BackupSaveInternal(pbox, location, entries, m_compress_save_backup.Get());
        }, [](Result rc){
            App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Backup failed!"_i18n);

@@ -936,172 +955,167 @@ Result Menu::RestoreSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const Entry& e, const fs::Fs
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-Result Menu::BackupSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const dump::DumpLocation& location, const Entry& e, bool compressed, bool is_auto) const {
-    std::unique_ptr<fs::Fs> fs;
-    if (location.entry.type == dump::DumpLocationType_Stdio) {
-        fs = std::make_unique<fs::FsStdio>(true, location.stdio[location.entry.index].mount);
-    } else if (location.entry.type == dump::DumpLocationType_SdCard) {
-        fs = std::make_unique<fs::FsNativeSd>();
-    } else {
-        std::unreachable();
+Result Menu::BackupSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const dump::DumpLocation& location, std::span<const std::reference_wrapper<Entry>> entries, bool compressed, bool is_auto) const {
+    std::vector<fs::FsPath> paths;
+    for (auto& e : entries) {
+        // ensure that we have title name and icon loaded.
+        LoadControlEntry(e);
+        paths.emplace_back(BuildSavePath(e, is_auto));
    }

-    pbox->SetTitle(e.GetName());
-    if (e.image) {
-        pbox->SetImage(e.image);
-    } else if (auto data = title::Get(e.application_id); data && !data->icon.empty()) {
-        pbox->SetImageDataConst(data->icon);
-    } else {
-        pbox->SetImage(0);
-    }
+    auto source = std::make_shared<DumpSource>(entries, paths);

-    const auto save_data_space_id = (FsSaveDataSpaceId)e.save_data_space_id;
+    return dump::Dump(pbox, source, location, paths, [&](ui::ProgressBox* pbox, dump::BaseSource* _source, dump::WriteSource* writer, const fs::FsPath& path) -> Result {
+        const auto source = (DumpSource*)_source;
+        const auto& e = source->GetEntry(path);

-    // try and get the journal and data size.
-    FsSaveDataExtraData extra{};
-    R_TRY(fsReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataBySaveDataSpaceId(&extra, sizeof(extra), save_data_space_id, e.save_data_id));
+        pbox->SetTitle(e.GetName());
+        if (e.image) {
+            pbox->SetImage(e.image);
+        } else if (auto data = title::Get(e.application_id); data && !data->icon.empty()) {
+            pbox->SetImageDataConst(data->icon);
+        } else {
+            pbox->SetImage(0);
+        }

-    FsSaveDataAttribute attr{};
-    attr.application_id = e.application_id;
-    attr.uid = e.uid;
-    attr.system_save_data_id = e.system_save_data_id;
-    attr.save_data_type = e.save_data_type;
-    attr.save_data_rank = e.save_data_rank;
-    attr.save_data_index = e.save_data_index;
+        const auto save_data_space_id = (FsSaveDataSpaceId)e.save_data_space_id;

-    // try and open the save file system
-    fs::FsNativeSave save_fs{(FsSaveDataType)e.save_data_type, save_data_space_id, &attr, true};
-    R_TRY(save_fs.GetFsOpenResult());
+        // try and get the journal and data size.
+        FsSaveDataExtraData extra{};
+        R_TRY(fsReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataBySaveDataSpaceId(&extra, sizeof(extra), save_data_space_id, e.save_data_id));

-    // get a list of collections.
-    filebrowser::FsDirCollections collections;
-    R_TRY(filebrowser::FsView::get_collections(&save_fs, "/", "", collections));
+        FsSaveDataAttribute attr{};
+        attr.application_id = e.application_id;
+        attr.uid = e.uid;
+        attr.system_save_data_id = e.system_save_data_id;
+        attr.save_data_type = e.save_data_type;
+        attr.save_data_rank = e.save_data_rank;
+        attr.save_data_index = e.save_data_index;

-    // the save file may be empty, this isn't an error, but we exit early.
-    R_UNLESS(!collections.empty(), 0x0);
+        // try and open the save file system
+        fs::FsNativeSave save_fs{(FsSaveDataType)e.save_data_type, save_data_space_id, &attr, true};
+        R_TRY(save_fs.GetFsOpenResult());

-    const auto t = (time_t)extra.timestamp;
-    const auto tm = std::localtime(&t);
+        // get a list of collections.
+        filebrowser::FsDirCollections collections;
+        R_TRY(filebrowser::FsView::get_collections(&save_fs, "/", "", collections));

-    // pre-calculate the time rather than calculate it in the loop.
-    zip_fileinfo zip_info_default{};
-    zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_sec = tm->tm_sec;
-    zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_min = tm->tm_min;
-    zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_hour = tm->tm_hour;
-    zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_mday = tm->tm_mday;
-    zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_mon = tm->tm_mon;
-    zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_year = tm->tm_year;
+        // the save file may be empty, this isn't an error, but we exit early.
+        R_UNLESS(!collections.empty(), 0x0);

-    const auto path = fs::AppendPath(fs->Root(), BuildSavePath(e, is_auto));
-    const auto temp_path = path + ".temp";
+        const auto t = (time_t)extra.timestamp;
+        const auto tm = std::localtime(&t);

-    fs->CreateDirectoryRecursivelyWithPath(temp_path);
-    ON_SCOPE_EXIT(fs->DeleteFile(temp_path));
+        // pre-calculate the time rather than calculate it in the loop.
+        zip_fileinfo zip_info_default{};
+        zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_sec = tm->tm_sec;
+        zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_min = tm->tm_min;
+        zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_hour = tm->tm_hour;
+        zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_mday = tm->tm_mday;
+        zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_mon = tm->tm_mon;
+        zip_info_default.tmz_date.tm_year = tm->tm_year;

-    // zip to memory if less than 1GB and not applet mode.
-    // TODO: use my mmz code from ftpsrv to stream zip creation.
-    // this will allow for zipping to memory and flushing every X bytes
-    // such as flushing every 8MB.
-    const auto file_download = App::IsApplet() || e.size >= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
+        // zip to memory if less than 1GB and not applet mode.
+        // TODO: use my mmz code from ftpsrv to stream zip creation.
+        // this will allow for zipping to memory and flushing every X bytes
+        // such as flushing every 8MB.
+        const auto file_download = App::IsApplet() || e.size >= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;

-    mz::MzMem mz_mem{};
-    zlib_filefunc64_def file_func;
-    if (!file_download) {
-        mz::FileFuncMem(&mz_mem, &file_func);
-    } else {
-        mz::FileFuncStdio(&file_func);
-    }
+        mz::MzMem mz_mem{};
+        zlib_filefunc64_def file_func;
+        if (!file_download) {
+            mz::FileFuncMem(&mz_mem, &file_func);
+        } else {
+            dump::FileFuncWriter(writer, &file_func);
+        }

-    {
-        auto zfile = zipOpen2_64(temp_path, APPEND_STATUS_CREATE, nullptr, &file_func);
-        R_UNLESS(zfile, Result_ZipOpen2_64);
-        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(zipClose(zfile, "sphaira v" APP_VERSION_HASH));
-
-        // add save meta.
        {
-            const NXSaveMeta meta{
-                .magic = NX_SAVE_META_MAGIC,
-                .version = NX_SAVE_META_VERSION,
-                .attr = extra.attr,
-                .owner_id = extra.owner_id,
-                .timestamp = extra.timestamp,
-                .flags = extra.flags,
-                .unk_x54 = extra.unk_x54,
-                .data_size = extra.data_size,
-                .journal_size = extra.journal_size,
-                .commit_id = extra.commit_id,
-                .raw_size = e.size,
+            auto zfile = zipOpen2_64(path, APPEND_STATUS_CREATE, nullptr, &file_func);
+            R_UNLESS(zfile, Result_ZipOpen2_64);
+            ON_SCOPE_EXIT(zipClose(zfile, "sphaira v" APP_VERSION_HASH));
+
+            // add save meta.
+            {
+                const NXSaveMeta meta{
+                    .magic = NX_SAVE_META_MAGIC,
+                    .version = NX_SAVE_META_VERSION,
+                    .attr = extra.attr,
+                    .owner_id = extra.owner_id,
+                    .timestamp = extra.timestamp,
+                    .flags = extra.flags,
+                    .unk_x54 = extra.unk_x54,
+                    .data_size = extra.data_size,
+                    .journal_size = extra.journal_size,
+                    .commit_id = extra.commit_id,
+                    .raw_size = e.size,
+                };
+
+                R_UNLESS(ZIP_OK == zipOpenNewFileInZip(zfile, NX_SAVE_META_NAME, &zip_info_default, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, Z_DEFLATED, Z_NO_COMPRESSION), Result_ZipOpenNewFileInZip);
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT(zipCloseFileInZip(zfile));
+                R_UNLESS(ZIP_OK == zipWriteInFileInZip(zfile, &meta, sizeof(meta)), Result_ZipWriteInFileInZip);
+            }
+
+            const auto zip_add = [&](const fs::FsPath& file_path) -> Result {
+                const char* file_name_in_zip = file_path.s;
+
+                // strip root path (/ or ums0:)
+                if (!std::strncmp(file_name_in_zip, save_fs.Root(), std::strlen(save_fs.Root()))) {
+                    file_name_in_zip += std::strlen(save_fs.Root());
+                }
+
+                // root paths are banned in zips, they will warn when extracting otherwise.
+                while (file_name_in_zip[0] == '/') {
+                    file_name_in_zip++;
+                }
+
+                pbox->NewTransfer(file_name_in_zip);
+
+                const auto level = compressed ? Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION : Z_NO_COMPRESSION;
+                if (ZIP_OK != zipOpenNewFileInZip(zfile, file_name_in_zip, &zip_info_default, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, Z_DEFLATED, level)) {
+                    log_write("failed to add zip for %s\n", file_path.s);
+                    R_THROW(Result_ZipOpenNewFileInZip);
+                }
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT(zipCloseFileInZip(zfile));
+
+                return thread::TransferZip(pbox, zfile, &save_fs, file_path);
            };

-            R_UNLESS(ZIP_OK == zipOpenNewFileInZip(zfile, NX_SAVE_META_NAME, &zip_info_default, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, Z_DEFLATED, Z_NO_COMPRESSION), Result_ZipOpenNewFileInZip);
-            ON_SCOPE_EXIT(zipCloseFileInZip(zfile));
-            R_UNLESS(ZIP_OK == zipWriteInFileInZip(zfile, &meta, sizeof(meta)), Result_ZipWriteInFileInZip);
-        }
-
-        const auto zip_add = [&](const fs::FsPath& file_path) -> Result {
-            const char* file_name_in_zip = file_path.s;
-
-            // strip root path (/ or ums0:)
-            if (!std::strncmp(file_name_in_zip, save_fs.Root(), std::strlen(save_fs.Root()))) {
-                file_name_in_zip += std::strlen(save_fs.Root());
-            }
-
-            // root paths are banned in zips, they will warn when extracting otherwise.
-            while (file_name_in_zip[0] == '/') {
-                file_name_in_zip++;
-            }
-
-            pbox->NewTransfer(file_name_in_zip);
-
-            const auto level = compressed ? Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION : Z_NO_COMPRESSION;
-            if (ZIP_OK != zipOpenNewFileInZip(zfile, file_name_in_zip, &zip_info_default, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, Z_DEFLATED, level)) {
-                log_write("failed to add zip for %s\n", file_path.s);
-                R_THROW(Result_ZipOpenNewFileInZip);
-            }
-            ON_SCOPE_EXIT(zipCloseFileInZip(zfile));
-
-            return thread::TransferZip(pbox, zfile, &save_fs, file_path);
-        };
-
-        // loop through every save file and store to zip.
-        for (const auto& collection : collections) {
-            for (const auto& file : collection.files) {
-                const auto file_path = fs::AppendPath(collection.path, file.name);
-                R_TRY(zip_add(file_path));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // if we dumped the save to ram, flush the data to file.
-    const auto is_file_based_emummc = App::IsFileBaseEmummc();
-    if (!file_download) {
-        pbox->NewTransfer("Flushing zip to file");
-        R_TRY(fs->CreateFile(temp_path, mz_mem.buf.size(), 0));
-
-        fs::File file;
-        R_TRY(fs->OpenFile(temp_path, FsOpenMode_Write, &file));
-
-        R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, mz_mem.buf.size(),
-            [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
-                size = std::min<s64>(size, mz_mem.buf.size() - off);
-                std::memcpy(data, mz_mem.buf.data() + off, size);
-                *bytes_read = size;
-                R_SUCCEED();
-            },
-            [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
-                const auto rc = file.Write(off, data, size, FsWriteOption_None);
-                if (is_file_based_emummc) {
-                    svcSleepThread(2e+6); // 2ms
+            // loop through every save file and store to zip.
+            for (const auto& collection : collections) {
+                for (const auto& file : collection.files) {
+                    const auto file_path = fs::AppendPath(collection.path, file.name);
+                    R_TRY(zip_add(file_path));
                }
-                return rc;
            }
-        ));
-    }
+        }

-    fs->DeleteFile(path);
-    R_TRY(fs->RenameFile(temp_path, path));
+        // if we dumped the save to ram, flush the data to file.
+        if (!file_download) {
+            pbox->NewTransfer("Flushing zip to file");
+            R_TRY(writer->SetSize(mz_mem.buf.size()));

-    R_SUCCEED();
+            R_TRY(thread::Transfer(pbox, mz_mem.buf.size(),
+                [&](void* data, s64 off, s64 size, u64* bytes_read) -> Result {
+                    size = std::min<s64>(size, mz_mem.buf.size() - off);
+                    std::memcpy(data, mz_mem.buf.data() + off, size);
+                    *bytes_read = size;
+                    R_SUCCEED();
+                },
+                [&](const void* data, s64 off, s64 size) -> Result {
+                    return writer->Write(data, off, size);
+                }
+            ));
+        }
+
+        R_SUCCEED();
+    });
+}
+
+Result Menu::BackupSaveInternal(ProgressBox* pbox, const dump::DumpLocation& location, Entry& e, bool compressed, bool is_auto) const {
+    std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Entry>> entries;
+    entries.emplace_back(e);
+
+    return BackupSaveInternal(pbox, location, entries, compressed, is_auto);
 }

 Result Menu::MountSaveFs() {
@@ -1109,7 +1123,7 @@ Result Menu::MountSaveFs() {

    if (e.system_save_data_id) {
        fs::FsPath root;
-        R_TRY(devoptab::MountFromSavePath(e.system_save_data_id, root));
+        R_TRY(devoptab::MountSaveSystem(e.system_save_data_id, root));

        auto fs = std::make_shared<filebrowser::FsStdioWrapper>(root, [&e](){
            devoptab::UnmountSave(e.system_save_data_id);
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/themezer.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/themezer.cpp
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#if 0
 #include "ui/menus/themezer.hpp"
 #include "ui/menus/ghdl.hpp"
 #include "ui/progress_box.hpp"
@@ -444,7 +445,7 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        if (touch && m_index == i) {
            FireAction(Button::A);
        } else {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            SetIndex(i);
        }
    });
@@ -723,3 +724,4 @@ void Menu::DisplayOptions() {
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::themezer
+#endif
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/menus/usb_menu.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/menus/usb_menu.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "ui/menus/usb_menu.hpp"
 #include "yati/yati.hpp"
 #include "app.hpp"
@@ -7,14 +5,18 @@
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "ui/nvg_util.hpp"
 #include "i18n.hpp"
+#include "haze_helper.hpp"
+
+#include "utils/thread.hpp"
+
 #include <cstring>

 namespace sphaira::ui::menu::usb {
 namespace {

-constexpr u64 CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = UINT64_MAX;
-constexpr u64 TRANSFER_TIMEOUT = UINT64_MAX;
-constexpr u64 FINISHED_TIMEOUT = 1e+9 * 3; // 3 seconds.
+constexpr u64 CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 3e+9;
+constexpr u64 TRANSFER_TIMEOUT = 3e+9;
+constexpr u64 FINISHED_TIMEOUT = 3e+9; // 3 seconds.

 void thread_func(void* user) {
    auto app = static_cast<Menu*>(user);
@@ -33,10 +35,10 @@ Menu::Menu(u32 flags) : MenuBase{"USB"_i18n, flags} {
    }});

    // if mtp is enabled, disable it for now.
-    m_was_mtp_enabled = App::GetMtpEnable();
+    m_was_mtp_enabled = haze::IsInit();
    if (m_was_mtp_enabled) {
        App::Notify("Disable MTP for usb install"_i18n);
-        App::SetMtpEnable(false);
+        haze::Exit();
    }

    // 3 second timeout for transfers.
@@ -47,15 +49,18 @@ Menu::Menu(u32 flags) : MenuBase{"USB"_i18n, flags} {
    }

    if (m_state != State::Failed) {
-        threadCreate(&m_thread, thread_func, this, nullptr, 1024*32, PRIO_PREEMPTIVE, 1);
+        utils::CreateThread(&m_thread, thread_func, this, 1024*32);
        threadStart(&m_thread);
    }
 }

 Menu::~Menu() {
    // signal for thread to exit and wait.
-    m_stop_source.request_stop();
-    m_usb_source->SignalCancel();
+    if (R_FAILED(waitSingleHandle(m_thread.handle, 0))) {
+        m_usb_source->SignalCancel();
+        m_stop_source.request_stop();
+    }
+
    threadWaitForExit(&m_thread);
    threadClose(&m_thread);

@@ -65,7 +70,7 @@ Menu::~Menu() {

    if (m_was_mtp_enabled) {
        App::Notify("Re-enabled MTP"_i18n);
-        App::SetMtpEnable(true);
+        haze::Init();
    }
 }

@@ -92,20 +97,23 @@ void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
        m_state = State::Progress;
        log_write("got connection\n");
        App::Push<ui::ProgressBox>(0, "Installing "_i18n, "", [this](auto pbox) -> Result {
-            ON_SCOPE_EXIT(m_usb_source->Finished(FINISHED_TIMEOUT));
-
-            // if we are doing s2s install, skip verifying the nca contents.
-            yati::ConfigOverride config_override{};
-            if (m_usb_source->IsStream()) {
-                config_override.skip_nca_hash_verify = true;
-                config_override.skip_rsa_header_fixed_key_verify = true;
-                config_override.skip_rsa_npdm_fixed_key_verify = true;
-            }
-
            log_write("inside progress box\n");
-            for (const auto& file_name : m_names) {
+            for (u32 i = 0; i < std::size(m_names); i++) {
+                const auto& file_name = m_names[i];
+
+                s64 file_size;
+                R_TRY(m_usb_source->OpenFile(i, file_size));
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT(m_usb_source->CloseFile());
+
+                // if we are doing s2s install, skip verifying the nca contents.
+                yati::ConfigOverride config_override{};
+                if (m_usb_source->IsStream()) {
+                    config_override.skip_nca_hash_verify = true;
+                    config_override.skip_rsa_header_fixed_key_verify = true;
+                    config_override.skip_rsa_npdm_fixed_key_verify = true;
+                }
+
                pbox->SetTitle(file_name);
-                m_usb_source->SetFileNameForTranfser(file_name);
                const auto rc = yati::InstallFromSource(pbox, m_usb_source.get(), file_name, config_override);
                if (R_FAILED(rc)) {
                    m_usb_source->SignalCancel();
@@ -191,5 +199,3 @@ void Menu::ThreadFunction() {
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui::menu::usb
-
-#endif
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/music_player.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/music_player.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+#include "ui/music_player.hpp"
+#include "ui/nvg_util.hpp"
+#include "app.hpp"
+#include "i18n.hpp"
+#include "image.hpp"
+
+namespace sphaira::ui::music {
+namespace {
+
+constexpr u64 MAX_SEEK_DELTA = 30;
+constexpr float VOLUME_DELTA = 0.20;
+
+// returns seconds as: hh:mm:ss (from movienx)
+inline auto TimeFormat(u64 sec) -> std::string {
+    char buf[9];
+
+    if (sec < 60) {
+        if (!sec) {
+            return "0:00";
+        }
+        std::sprintf(buf, "0:%02lu", sec % 60);
+    } else if (sec < 3600) {
+        std::sprintf(buf, "%lu:%02lu", ((sec / 60) % 60), sec % 60);
+    } else {
+        std::sprintf(buf, "%lu:%02lu:%02lu", ((sec / 3600) % 24), ((sec / 60) % 60), sec % 60);
+    }
+
+    return std::string{buf};
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+Menu::Menu(fs::Fs* fs, const fs::FsPath& path) {
+    SetAction(Button::B, Action{[this](){
+        SetPop();
+    }});
+
+    SetAction(Button::A, Action{[this](){
+        PauseToggle();
+    }});
+
+    SetAction(Button::LEFT, Action{[this](){
+        SeekBack();
+    }});
+
+    SetAction(Button::RIGHT, Action{[this](){
+        SeekForward();
+    }});
+
+    SetAction(Button::RS_UP, Action{[this](){
+        IncreaseVolume();
+    }});
+    SetAction(Button::RS_DOWN, Action{[this](){
+        DecreaseVolume();
+    }});
+
+    App::SetBackgroundMusicPause(true);
+    App::SetAutoSleepDisabled(true);
+
+    if (auto rc = lblInitialize(); R_FAILED(rc)) {
+        log_write("lblInitialize() failed: 0x%X\n", rc);
+    }
+
+    if (auto rc = audio::OpenSong(fs, path, 0, &m_song); R_FAILED(rc)) {
+        App::PushErrorBox(rc, "Failed to load music"_i18n);
+        SetPop();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    audio::GetInfo(m_song, &m_info);
+    audio::GetMeta(m_song, &m_meta);
+
+    if (!m_meta.image.empty()) {
+        m_icon = nvgCreateImageMem(App::GetVg(), 0, m_meta.image.data(), m_meta.image.size());
+    }
+
+    if (m_icon > 0) {
+        if (m_meta.title.empty()) {
+            m_meta.title = path.toString();
+
+            // only keep file name.
+            if (auto i = m_meta.title.find_last_of('/'); i != std::string::npos) {
+                m_meta.title = m_meta.title.substr(i + 1);
+            }
+
+            // remove extension.
+            if (auto i = m_meta.title.find_last_of('.'); i != std::string::npos) {
+                m_meta.title = m_meta.title.substr(0, i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (m_meta.artist.empty()) {
+            m_meta.artist = "Artist: Unknown";
+        }
+
+        if (m_meta.album.empty()) {
+            m_meta.album = "Album: Unknown";
+        }
+    }
+
+    audio::PlaySong(m_song);
+}
+
+Menu::~Menu() {
+    if (m_song) {
+        audio::CloseSong(&m_song);
+    }
+
+    if (m_icon) {
+        nvgDeleteImage(App::GetVg(), m_icon);
+    }
+
+    App::SetAutoSleepDisabled(false);
+    App::SetBackgroundMusicPause(false);
+
+    // restore backlight.
+    appletSetLcdBacklightOffEnabled(false);
+    lblExit();
+}
+
+void Menu::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
+    Widget::Update(controller, touch);
+
+    if (controller->m_kdown) {
+        LblBacklightSwitchStatus status;
+        // if any button was pressed and the screen is disabled, restore it.
+        if (R_SUCCEEDED(lblGetBacklightSwitchStatus(&status))) {
+            if (status != LblBacklightSwitchStatus_Enabled) {
+                appletSetLcdBacklightOffEnabled(false);
+            } else if (controller->GotDown(Button::Y)) {
+                // use applet here because it handles restoring backlight
+                // when pressing the home / power button.
+                appletSetLcdBacklightOffEnabled(true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Menu::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) {
+    audio::Progress song_progress{};
+    audio::State song_state;
+    if (R_FAILED(audio::GetProgress(m_song, &song_progress, &song_state))) {
+        log_write("failed get song_progress\n");
+        SetPop();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (song_state == audio::State::Finished || song_state == audio::State::Error) {
+        log_write("got finished, doing pop now\n");
+        SetPop();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const auto duration = (float)m_info.sample_count / (float)m_info.sample_rate;
+    const auto progress = (float)song_progress.played / (float)m_info.sample_rate;
+    const auto remaining = duration - progress;
+
+    const auto get_inner = [](const Vec4& bar, float progress, float duration) {
+        auto bar_inner = bar;
+        bar_inner.y += 2;
+        bar_inner.h -= 2 * 2;
+        bar_inner.x += 2;
+        bar_inner.w -= 2 * 2;
+
+        bar_inner.w *= progress / duration;
+        return bar_inner;
+    };
+
+    gfx::dimBackground(vg);
+
+    if (m_icon) {
+        const float icon_size = 220;
+        // draw background grid.
+        const auto pad = 30;
+        const auto gridy = (SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2) - (icon_size / 2) - pad;
+        const auto gridh = icon_size + pad * 2;
+        const Vec4 grid{this->osd_bar_outline.x, gridy, this->osd_bar_outline.w, gridh};
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, grid, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_GRID), 15);
+
+        nvgSave(vg);
+        nvgIntersectScissor(vg, grid.x + pad, grid.y + pad, grid.w - pad * 2, grid.h - pad * 2);
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT(nvgRestore(vg));
+
+        // draw icon.
+        const Vec4 icon{grid.x + pad, grid.y + pad, icon_size, icon_size};
+        gfx::drawImage(vg, icon, m_icon, 0);
+
+        // draw meta info.
+        const auto xoff = icon.x + icon_size + pad;
+        const auto wend = grid.w - (xoff - grid.x) - 30;
+        m_scroll_title.Draw(vg, true, xoff, icon.y + 50, wend, 22, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT|NVG_ALIGN_BOTTOM, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), m_meta.title);
+        m_scroll_artist.Draw(vg, true, xoff, icon.y + 90, wend, 20, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT|NVG_ALIGN_BOTTOM, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT_INFO), m_meta.artist);
+        m_scroll_album.Draw(vg, true, xoff, icon.y + 130, wend, 20, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT|NVG_ALIGN_BOTTOM, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT_INFO), m_meta.album);
+
+        // draw progress bar.
+        const Vec4 progress_bar{xoff, grid.y + grid.h - 30 - 60, osd_bar_outline.w - (xoff - osd_bar_outline.x) - 30, 10.f};
+        const auto inner = get_inner(progress_bar, progress, duration);
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, progress_bar, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR_BACKGROUND), 3);
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, inner, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR), 3);
+
+        // draw progress time text.
+        const Vec2 time_text_left{progress_bar.x, progress_bar.y + progress_bar.h + 20};
+        const Vec2 time_text_right{progress_bar.x + progress_bar.w, progress_bar.y + progress_bar.h + 20};
+        gfx::drawText(vg, time_text_left, 18.f, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), TimeFormat(progress).c_str(), NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_TOP);
+        gfx::drawText(vg, time_text_right, 18.f, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), TimeFormat(duration).c_str(), NVG_ALIGN_RIGHT | NVG_ALIGN_TOP);
+    } else {
+        // draw background grid.
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, this->osd_bar_outline, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_POPUP), 15);
+
+        // draw progress bar.
+        const auto inner = get_inner(this->osd_progress_bar, progress, duration);
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, this->osd_progress_bar, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR_BACKGROUND), 3);
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, inner, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR), 3);
+
+        // draw chapter markers (if any)
+        if (m_info.looping) {
+            const auto loop = (float)m_info.loop_start / (float)m_info.sample_rate;
+            const auto marker = Vec4{osd_progress_bar.x + (osd_progress_bar.w * loop / duration), osd_progress_bar.y - 4.f, 3.f, osd_progress_bar.h + 8.f};
+            gfx::drawRect(vg, marker, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT_INFO));
+        }
+
+        // draw progress time text.
+        gfx::drawText(vg, this->osd_time_text_left, 20.f, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), TimeFormat((progress)).c_str(), NVG_ALIGN_RIGHT | NVG_ALIGN_TOP);
+        gfx::drawText(vg, this->osd_time_text_right, 20.f, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), ('-' + TimeFormat((remaining))).c_str(), NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_TOP);
+    }
+}
+
+void Menu::PauseToggle() {
+    audio::State state{};
+    audio::GetProgress(m_song, nullptr, &state);
+
+    if (state == audio::State::Playing) {
+        audio::PauseSong(m_song);
+    } else if (state == audio::State::Paused) {
+        audio::PlaySong(m_song);
+    }
+}
+
+void Menu::SeekForward() {
+    audio::Progress progress{};
+    audio::GetProgress(m_song, &progress, nullptr);
+
+    const u64 max_delta = m_info.sample_rate * MAX_SEEK_DELTA;
+    u64 next = std::min<u64>(progress.played + (m_info.sample_count / 10), m_info.sample_count);
+    next = std::min<u64>(next, progress.played + max_delta);
+
+    audio::SeekSong(m_song, next);
+}
+
+void Menu::SeekBack() {
+    audio::Progress progress{};
+    audio::GetProgress(m_song, &progress, nullptr);
+
+    const s64 max_delta = m_info.sample_rate * MAX_SEEK_DELTA;
+    u64 next = std::max(s64(progress.played) - s64(m_info.sample_count / 10), s64(0));
+    next = std::max<s64>(next, s64(progress.played) - max_delta);
+
+    audio::SeekSong(m_song, next);
+}
+
+void Menu::IncreaseVolume() {
+    float volume;
+    if (R_SUCCEEDED(audio::GetVolumeSong(m_song, &volume))) {
+        audio::SetVolumeSong(m_song, volume + VOLUME_DELTA);
+        log_write("volume: %.2f\n", volume);
+    }
+}
+
+void Menu::DecreaseVolume() {
+    float volume;
+    if (R_SUCCEEDED(audio::GetVolumeSong(m_song, &volume))) {
+        audio::SetVolumeSong(m_song, volume - VOLUME_DELTA);
+        log_write("volume: %.2f\n", volume);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace sphaira::ui::music
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/progress_box.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/progress_box.cpp
@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "threaded_file_transfer.hpp"
 #include "i18n.hpp"
+
+#include "utils/thread.hpp"
+
 #include <cstring>
+#include <cmath>

 namespace sphaira::ui {
 namespace {
@@ -17,13 +21,44 @@ void threadFunc(void* arg) {
    d->pbox->RequestExit();
 }

+// https://github.com/memononen/nanovg/blob/f93799c078fa11ed61c078c65a53914c8782c00b/example/demo.c#L500
+void drawSpinner(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme, float cx, float cy, float r, float t)
+{
+	float a0 = 0.0f + t*6;
+	float a1 = NVG_PI + t*6;
+	float r0 = r;
+	float r1 = r * 0.75f;
+	float ax,ay, bx,by;
+	NVGpaint paint;
+
+	nvgSave(vg);
+
+    auto colourb = theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR);
+    colourb.a = 0.5;
+
+	nvgBeginPath(vg);
+	nvgArc(vg, cx,cy, r0, a0, a1, NVG_CW);
+	nvgArc(vg, cx,cy, r1, a1, a0, NVG_CCW);
+	nvgClosePath(vg);
+	ax = cx + cosf(a0) * (r0+r1)*0.5f;
+	ay = cy + sinf(a0) * (r0+r1)*0.5f;
+	bx = cx + cosf(a1) * (r0+r1)*0.5f;
+	by = cy + sinf(a1) * (r0+r1)*0.5f;
+	paint = nvgLinearGradient(vg, ax,ay, bx,by, nvgRGBA(0,0,0,0), colourb);
+	nvgFillPaint(vg, paint);
+	nvgFill(vg);
+
+	nvgRestore(vg);
+}
+
 } // namespace

-ProgressBox::ProgressBox(int image, const std::string& action, const std::string& title, const ProgressBoxCallback& callback, const ProgressBoxDoneCallback& done, int cpuid, int prio, int stack_size)
+ProgressBox::ProgressBox(int image, const std::string& action, const std::string& title, const ProgressBoxCallback& callback, const ProgressBoxDoneCallback& done)
 : m_done{done}
 , m_action{action}
 , m_title{title}
 , m_image{image} {
+    App::SetAutoSleepDisabled(true);
    if (App::GetApp()->m_progress_boost_mode.Get()) {
        App::SetBoostMode(true);
    }
@@ -45,10 +80,9 @@ ProgressBox::ProgressBox(int image, const std::string& action, const std::string
    // create cancel event.
    ueventCreate(&m_uevent, false);

-    m_cpuid = cpuid;
    m_thread_data.pbox = this;
    m_thread_data.callback = callback;
-    if (R_FAILED(threadCreate(&m_thread, threadFunc, &m_thread_data, nullptr, stack_size, prio, cpuid))) {
+    if (R_FAILED(utils::CreateThread(&m_thread, threadFunc, &m_thread_data))) {
        log_write("failed to create thead\n");
    }
    if (R_FAILED(threadStart(&m_thread))) {
@@ -68,9 +102,12 @@ ProgressBox::~ProgressBox() {
    }

    FreeImage();
-    m_done(m_thread_data.result);
+    if (m_done) {
+        m_done(m_thread_data.result);
+    }

    App::SetBoostMode(false);
+    App::SetAutoSleepDisabled(false);
 }

 auto ProgressBox::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) -> void {
@@ -122,7 +159,7 @@ auto ProgressBox::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) -> void {
    const auto center_x = m_pos.x + m_pos.w/2;
    const auto end_y = m_pos.y + m_pos.h;
    const auto progress_bar_w = m_pos.w - 230;
-    const Vec4 prog_bar = { center_x - progress_bar_w / 2, end_y - 100, progress_bar_w, 12 };
+    const Vec4 prog_bar = { center_x - progress_bar_w / 2, end_y - 95, progress_bar_w, 12 };

    nvgSave(vg);
    nvgIntersectScissor(vg, GetX(), GetY(), GetW(), GetH());
@@ -140,7 +177,10 @@ auto ProgressBox::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme) -> void {
        gfx::drawRect(vg, prog_bar, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR_BACKGROUND), rounding);
        const u32 percentage = ((double)offset / (double)size) * 100.0;
        gfx::drawRect(vg, prog_bar.x, prog_bar.y, ((float)offset / (float)size) * prog_bar.w, prog_bar.h, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR), rounding);
-        gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, prog_bar.x + prog_bar.w + pad, prog_bar.y, font_size, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_TOP, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), "%u%%", percentage);
+        gfx::drawTextArgs(vg, prog_bar.x + prog_bar.w + pad, prog_bar.y + prog_bar.h / 2, font_size, NVG_ALIGN_LEFT | NVG_ALIGN_MIDDLE, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT), "%u%%", percentage);
+
+        const auto rad = 15;
+        drawSpinner(vg, theme, prog_bar.x - pad - rad, prog_bar.y + prog_bar.h / 2, rad, armTicksToNs(armGetSystemTick()) / 1e+9);

        const double speed_mb = (double)speed / (1024.0 * 1024.0);
        const double speed_kb = (double)speed / (1024.0);
@@ -219,6 +259,17 @@ auto ProgressBox::NewTransfer(const std::string& transfer)  -> ProgressBox& {
    return *this;
 }

+auto ProgressBox::ResetTranfser() -> ProgressBox& {
+    mutexLock(&m_mutex);
+    m_size = 0;
+    m_offset = 0;
+    m_last_offset = 0;
+    m_timestamp.Update();
+    mutexUnlock(&m_mutex);
+    Yield();
+    return *this;
+}
+
 auto ProgressBox::UpdateTransfer(s64 offset, s64 size)  -> ProgressBox& {
    mutexLock(&m_mutex);
    m_size = size;
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/scrollable_text.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/scrollable_text.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ ScrollableText::ScrollableText(const std::string& text, float x, float y, float
            }
            m_y_off -= m_step;
            m_index++;
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Scroll);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Scroll);
        }}),
        std::make_pair(Button::LS_UP, Action{[this](){
            if (m_y_off == m_y_off_base) {
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ ScrollableText::ScrollableText(const std::string& text, float x, float y, float
            }
            m_y_off += m_step;
            m_index--;
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Scroll);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Scroll);
        }})
    );

--- a/sphaira/source/ui/sidebar.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/sidebar.cpp
@@ -154,6 +154,52 @@ void SidebarEntryBool::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme, const Vec4& root_pos,
    SidebarEntryBase::DrawEntry(vg, theme, m_title, m_option ? m_true_str : m_false_str, m_option);
 }

+SidebarEntrySlider::SidebarEntrySlider(const std::string& title, float value, float min, float max, int steps, const Callback& cb, const std::string& info)
+: SidebarEntryBase{title, info}
+, m_value{value}
+, m_min{min}
+, m_max{max}
+, m_steps{steps}
+, m_callback{cb} {
+    SetAction(Button::LEFT, Action{[this](){
+        if (!IsEnabled()) {
+            DependsClick();
+        } else {
+            m_value = std::clamp(m_value - m_inc, m_min, m_max);
+            // m_callback(m_option);
+        } }
+    });
+    SetAction(Button::RIGHT, Action{[this](){
+        if (!IsEnabled()) {
+            DependsClick();
+        } else {
+            m_value = std::clamp(m_value + m_inc, m_min, m_max);
+            // m_callback(m_option);
+        } }
+    });
+
+    m_duration = m_max - m_min;
+    m_inc = m_duration / (float)(m_steps);
+}
+
+void SidebarEntrySlider::Draw(NVGcontext* vg, Theme* theme, const Vec4& root_pos, bool left) {
+    SidebarEntryBase::Draw(vg, theme, root_pos, left);
+
+    const float barh = 7;
+    const Vec4 bar{m_pos.x + 15.f, m_pos.y + (m_pos.h / 2.f) - barh / 2, m_pos.w - 15.f * 2, barh};
+
+    gfx::drawRect(vg, bar, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR_BACKGROUND), 3);
+    auto inner = bar;
+    inner.w *= m_value / m_duration;
+    gfx::drawRect(vg, inner, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_PROGRESSBAR), 3);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i <= m_steps; i++) {
+        const auto loop = m_inc * (float)i;
+        const auto marker = Vec4{bar.x + (bar.w * loop / m_duration), bar.y - 4.f, 3.f, bar.h + 8.f};
+        gfx::drawRect(vg, marker, theme->GetColour(ThemeEntryID_TEXT_INFO));
+    }
+}
+
 SidebarEntryCallback::SidebarEntryCallback(const std::string& title, const Callback& cb, bool pop_on_click, const std::string& info)
 : SidebarEntryBase{title, info}
 , m_callback{cb}
@@ -422,6 +468,13 @@ void Sidebar::SetupButtons() {
            SetPop();
        }})
    );
+
+    // disable jump page if the item is using left/right buttons.
+    if (HasAction(Button::LEFT) || HasAction(Button::RIGHT)) {
+        m_list->SetPageJump(false);
+    } else {
+        m_list->SetPageJump(true);
+    }
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::ui
--- a/sphaira/source/ui/widget.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/ui/widget.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ void Widget::Update(Controller* controller, TouchInfo* touch) {
    for (const auto& [button, action] : m_actions) {
        if ((action.m_type & ActionType::DOWN) && controller->GotDown(button)) {
            if (static_cast<u64>(button) & static_cast<u64>(Button::ANY_BUTTON)) {
-                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+                App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            }
            action.Invoke(true);
            break;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void Widget::RemoveAction(Button button) {
 auto Widget::FireAction(Button b, u8 type) -> bool {
    for (const auto& [button, action] : m_actions) {
        if (button == b && (action.m_type & type)) {
-            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect_Focus);
+            App::PlaySoundEffect(SoundEffect::Focus);
            action.Invoke(true);
            return true;
        }
--- a/sphaira/source/usb/base.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/usb/base.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@

 // The USB transfer code was taken from Haze (part of Atmosphere).

-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "usb/base.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
@@ -100,5 +98,3 @@ Result Base::TransferAll(bool read, void *data, u32 size, u64 timeout) {
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::usb
-
-#endif
--- a/sphaira/source/usb/usb_dumper.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/usb/usb_dumper.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#include "usb/usb_dumper.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_api.hpp"
+#include "defines.hpp"
+#include "log.hpp"
+
+#include <ranges>
+
+namespace sphaira::usb::dump {
+namespace {
+
+using namespace usb::api;
+
+} // namespace
+
+Usb::Usb(u64 transfer_timeout) {
+    m_usb = std::make_unique<usb::UsbDs>(transfer_timeout);
+    m_open_result = m_usb->Init();
+}
+
+Usb::~Usb() {
+    if (m_was_connected && R_SUCCEEDED(m_usb->IsUsbConnected(0))) {
+        SendHeader send_header{MAGIC, CMD_QUIT};
+        SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header));
+    }
+}
+
+Result Usb::IsUsbConnected(u64 timeout) {
+    return m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout);
+}
+
+Result Usb::WaitForConnection(std::string_view path, u64 timeout) {
+    m_was_connected = false;
+
+    // ensure that we are connected.
+    R_TRY(m_open_result);
+    R_TRY(m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout));
+
+    SendHeader send_header{MAGIC, CMD_EXPORT, (u32)path.length()};
+    R_TRY(SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header), timeout));
+    R_TRY(SendAndVerify(path.data(), path.length(), timeout));
+
+    m_was_connected = true;
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result Usb::CloseFile() {
+    SendDataHeader send_header{0, 0};
+
+    return SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header));
+}
+
+void Usb::SignalCancel() {
+    m_usb->Cancel();
+}
+
+Result Usb::Write(const void* buf, u64 off, u32 size) {
+    SendDataHeader send_header{off, size, crc32cCalculate(buf, size)};
+
+    R_TRY(SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header)));
+    return SendAndVerify(buf, size);
+}
+
+// casts away const, but it does not modify the buffer!
+Result Usb::SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, u64 timeout, ResultHeader* out) {
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, const_cast<void*>(data), size, timeout));
+
+    ResultHeader recv_header;
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &recv_header, sizeof(recv_header), timeout));
+    R_TRY(recv_header.Verify());
+
+    if (out) *out = recv_header;
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result Usb::SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, ResultHeader* out) {
+    return SendAndVerify(data, size, m_usb->GetTransferTimeout(), out);
+}
+
+} // namespace sphaira::usb::dump
--- a/sphaira/source/usb/usb_installer.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/usb/usb_installer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#include "usb/usb_installer.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_api.hpp"
+#include "defines.hpp"
+#include "log.hpp"
+
+#include <ranges>
+
+namespace sphaira::usb::install {
+namespace {
+
+using namespace usb::api;
+
+} // namespace
+
+Usb::Usb(u64 transfer_timeout) {
+    m_usb = std::make_unique<usb::UsbDs>(transfer_timeout);
+    m_open_result = m_usb->Init();
+}
+
+Usb::~Usb() {
+    if (m_was_connected && R_SUCCEEDED(m_usb->IsUsbConnected(0))) {
+        SendHeader send_header{MAGIC, CMD_QUIT};
+        SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header));
+    }
+}
+
+Result Usb::IsUsbConnected(u64 timeout) {
+    return m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout);
+}
+
+Result Usb::WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, std::vector<std::string>& out_names) {
+    m_was_connected = false;
+
+    // ensure that we are connected.
+    R_TRY(m_open_result);
+    R_TRY(m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout));
+
+    SendHeader send_header{MAGIC, RESULT_OK};
+    ResultHeader recv_header;
+    R_TRY(SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header), timeout, &recv_header))
+
+    std::vector<char> names(recv_header.arg3);
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, names.data(), names.size(), timeout));
+
+    out_names.clear();
+    for (const auto& name : std::views::split(names, '\n')) {
+        if (!name.empty()) {
+            auto& it = out_names.emplace_back(name.data(), name.size());
+            log_write("[USB] got name: %s\n", it.c_str());
+        }
+    }
+
+    m_flags = recv_header.arg4;
+    m_was_connected = true;
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result Usb::OpenFile(u32 index, s64& file_size) {
+    log_write("doing open file\n");
+    SendHeader send_header{MAGIC, CMD_OPEN, index};
+    ResultHeader recv_header;
+    R_TRY(SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header), &recv_header))
+    log_write("did open file\n");
+
+    const auto flags = recv_header.arg3 >> 16;
+    const auto file_size_msb = recv_header.arg3 & 0xFFFF;
+    const auto file_size_lsb = recv_header.arg4;
+
+    m_flags = flags;
+    file_size = ((u64)file_size_msb << 32) | file_size_lsb;
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result Usb::CloseFile() {
+    SendDataHeader send_header{0, 0};
+
+    return SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header));
+}
+
+void Usb::SignalCancel() {
+    m_usb->Cancel();
+}
+
+u32 Usb::GetFlags() const {
+    return m_flags;
+}
+
+Result Usb::Read(void* buf, u64 off, u32 size, u64* bytes_read) {
+    SendDataHeader send_header{off, size};
+    ResultHeader recv_header;
+    R_TRY(SendAndVerify(&send_header, sizeof(send_header), &recv_header))
+
+    // adjust the size and read the data.
+    size = recv_header.arg3;
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, buf, size));
+
+    // verify crc32c.
+    R_UNLESS(crc32cCalculate(buf, size) == recv_header.arg4, 3);
+
+    *bytes_read = size;
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+// casts away const, but it does not modify the buffer!
+Result Usb::SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, u64 timeout, ResultHeader* out) {
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, const_cast<void*>(data), size, timeout));
+
+    ResultHeader recv_header;
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &recv_header, sizeof(recv_header), timeout));
+    R_TRY(recv_header.Verify());
+
+    if (out) *out = recv_header;
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result Usb::SendAndVerify(const void* data, u32 size, ResultHeader* out) {
+    return SendAndVerify(data, size, m_usb->GetTransferTimeout(), out);
+}
+
+} // namespace sphaira::usb::install
--- a/sphaira/source/usb/usb_uploader.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/usb/usb_uploader.cpp
@@ -1,16 +1,11 @@
-// The USB protocol was taken from Tinfoil, by Adubbz.
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "usb/usb_uploader.hpp"
-#include "usb/tinfoil.hpp"
+#include "usb/usb_api.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"

 namespace sphaira::usb::upload {
 namespace {

-namespace tinfoil = usb::tinfoil;
-
 const UsbHsInterfaceFilter FILTER{
    .Flags = UsbHsInterfaceFilterFlags_idVendor |
             UsbHsInterfaceFilterFlags_idProduct |
@@ -36,6 +31,8 @@ const UsbHsInterfaceFilter FILTER{

 constexpr u8 INDEX = 0;

+using namespace usb::api;
+
 } // namespace

 Usb::Usb(u64 transfer_timeout) {
@@ -46,69 +43,90 @@ Usb::Usb(u64 transfer_timeout) {
 Usb::~Usb() {
 }

-Result Usb::WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, u8 flags, std::span<const std::string> names) {
+Result Usb::WaitForConnection(u64 timeout, std::span<const std::string> names) {
    R_TRY(m_usb->IsUsbConnected(timeout));

+    // build name table.
    std::string names_list;
    for (auto& name : names) {
        names_list += name + '\n';
    }

-    tinfoil::TUSHeader header{};
-    header.magic = tinfoil::Magic_List0;
-    header.nspListSize = names_list.length();
-    header.flags = flags;
+    // send.
+    SendHeader send_header;
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &send_header, sizeof(send_header), timeout));
+    R_TRY(send_header.Verify());

-    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, &header, sizeof(header), timeout));
+    // send table info.
+    R_TRY(SendResult(RESULT_OK, names_list.length()));
+
+    // send name table.
    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, names_list.data(), names_list.length(), timeout));

    R_SUCCEED();
 }

 Result Usb::PollCommands() {
-    tinfoil::USBCmdHeader header;
-    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &header, sizeof(header)));
-    R_UNLESS(header.magic == tinfoil::Magic_Command0, Result_UsbUploadBadMagic);
+    SendHeader send_header;
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &send_header, sizeof(send_header)));
+    R_TRY(send_header.Verify());

-    if (header.cmdId == tinfoil::USBCmdId::EXIT) {
+    if (send_header.cmd == CMD_QUIT) {
+        R_TRY(SendResult(RESULT_OK));
        R_THROW(Result_UsbUploadExit);
-    } else if (header.cmdId == tinfoil::USBCmdId::FILE_RANGE) {
-        return FileRangeCmd(header.dataSize);
+    } else if (send_header.cmd == CMD_OPEN) {
+        s64 file_size;
+        u16 flags;
+        R_TRY(Open(send_header.arg3, file_size, flags));
+
+        const auto size_lsb = file_size & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+        const auto size_msb = ((file_size >> 32) & 0xFFFF) | (flags << 16);
+        return SendResult(RESULT_OK, size_msb, size_lsb);
    } else {
+        R_TRY(SendResult(RESULT_ERROR));
        R_THROW(Result_UsbUploadBadCommand);
    }
 }

-Result Usb::FileRangeCmd(u64 data_size) {
-    tinfoil::FileRangeCmdHeader header;
-    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &header, sizeof(header)));
+Result Usb::file_transfer_loop() {
+    log_write("doing file transfer\n");

-    std::string path(header.nspNameLen, '\0');
-    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, path.data(), header.nspNameLen));
+    // get offset + size.
+    SendDataHeader send_header;
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(true, &send_header, sizeof(send_header)));

-    // send response header.
-    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, &header, sizeof(header)));
-
-    s64 curr_off = 0x0;
-    s64 end_off = header.size;
-    s64 read_size = header.size;
-
-    m_buf.resize(header.size);
-
-    while (curr_off < end_off) {
-        if (curr_off + read_size >= end_off) {
-            read_size = end_off - curr_off;
-        }
-
-        u64 bytes_read;
-        R_TRY(Read(path, m_buf.data(), header.offset + curr_off, read_size, &bytes_read));
-        R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, m_buf.data(), bytes_read));
-        curr_off += bytes_read;
+    // check if we should finish now.
+    if (send_header.offset == 0 && send_header.size == 0) {
+        log_write("finished\n");
+        R_TRY(SendResult(RESULT_OK));
+        return Result_UsbUploadExit;
    }

+    // read file and calculate the hash.
+    u64 bytes_read;
+    m_buf.resize(send_header.size);
+    log_write("reading buffer: %zu\n", m_buf.size());
+
+    R_TRY(Read(m_buf.data(), send_header.offset, m_buf.size(), &bytes_read));
+    const auto crc32 = crc32Calculate(m_buf.data(), m_buf.size());
+
+    log_write("read the buffer: %zu\n", bytes_read);
+    // respond back with the length of the data and the crc32.
+    R_TRY(SendResult(RESULT_OK, m_buf.size(), crc32));
+
+    log_write("sent result with crc\n");
+
+    // send the data.
+    R_TRY(m_usb->TransferAll(false, m_buf.data(), m_buf.size()));
+
+    log_write("sent the data\n");
+
    R_SUCCEED();
 }

-} // namespace sphaira::usb::upload
+Result Usb::SendResult(u32 result, u32 arg3, u32 arg4) {
+    ResultHeader recv_header{MAGIC, result, arg3, arg4};
+    return m_usb->TransferAll(false, &recv_header, sizeof(recv_header));
+}

-#endif
+} // namespace sphaira::usb::upload
--- a/sphaira/source/usb/usbds.cpp
+++ b/sphaira/source/usb/usbds.cpp
@@ -1,20 +1,9 @@
-#if ENABLE_NETWORK_INSTALL
-
 #include "usb/usbds.hpp"
 #include "log.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
 #include <ranges>
 #include <cstring>

-Result usbDsGetSpeed(UsbDeviceSpeed *out) {
-    if (hosversionBefore(8,0,0)) {
-        return MAKERESULT(Module_Libnx, LibnxError_IncompatSysVer);
-    }
-
-    serviceAssumeDomain(usbDsGetServiceSession());
-    return serviceDispatchOut(usbDsGetServiceSession(), hosversionAtLeast(11,0,0) ? 11 : 12, *out);
-}
-
 auto GetUsbDsStateStr(UsbState state) -> const char* {
    switch (state) {
        case UsbState_Detached: return "Detached";
@@ -30,8 +19,7 @@ auto GetUsbDsStateStr(UsbState state) -> const char* {
 }

 auto GetUsbDsSpeedStr(UsbDeviceSpeed speed) -> const char* {
-    // todo: remove this cast when libnx pr is merged.
-    switch ((u32)speed) {
+    switch (speed) {
        case UsbDeviceSpeed_None: return "None";
        case UsbDeviceSpeed_Low: return "USB 1.0 Low Speed";
        case UsbDeviceSpeed_Full: return "USB 1.1 Full Speed";
@@ -204,6 +192,12 @@ Result UsbDs::Init() {
    R_TRY(usbDsInterface_EnableInterface(m_interface));
    R_TRY(usbDsEnable());

+    // not needed because the api sends the size of the sent data
+    // before each write, so there's not need to send a zlt.
+    #if 0
+    R_TRY(usbDsEndpoint_SetZlt(m_endpoints[UsbSessionEndpoint_In], true));
+    #endif
+
    log_write("success USB init\n");
    R_SUCCEED();
 }
@@ -321,15 +315,6 @@ Result UsbDs::WaitTransferCompletion(UsbSessionEndpoint ep, u64 timeout) {
 }

 Result UsbDs::TransferAsync(UsbSessionEndpoint ep, void *buffer, u32 remaining, u32 size, u32 *out_urb_id) {
-    if (ep == UsbSessionEndpoint_In) {
-        if (size && remaining == size && !(size % (u32)m_max_packet_size)) {
-            log_write("[USBDS] SetZlt(true)\n");
-            R_TRY(usbDsEndpoint_SetZlt(m_endpoints[ep], true));
-        } else {
-            R_TRY(usbDsEndpoint_SetZlt(m_endpoints[ep], false));
-        }
-    }
-
    return usbDsEndpoint_PostBufferAsync(m_endpoints[ep], buffer, size, out_urb_id);
 }

@@ -344,5 +329,3 @@ Result UsbDs::GetTransferResult(UsbSessionEndpoint ep, u32 urb_id, u32 *out_requ
 }

 } // namespace sphaira::usb
-
-#endif
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More