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OmniNX-Installer-Payload/INSTALLATION_PROCESS.md
Niklas080208 fdad061616 Capitalized Variants
2026-02-03 21:22:37 +01:00

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OmniNX Installer - Installation Process Documentation

This document provides a detailed, step-by-step breakdown of everything that is checked and done during the OmniNX installation/update process.

Overview

The OmniNX Installer Payload operates in two modes:

  • Update Mode: When OmniNX is already installed, performs selective cleanup
  • Clean Install Mode: When no OmniNX is detected, performs full wipe with backup/restore

Phase 1: Initialization & Detection

Step 1: Hardware Initialization

Location: main.c:185

  • Initialize hardware via hw_init()
  • Pivot stack to IPL_STACK_TOP
  • Initialize heap at IPL_HEAP_START

Step 2: Configuration Setup

Location: main.c:190

  • Set default bootloader configuration:
    • Autoboot: disabled
    • Boot wait: 3 seconds
    • Backlight: 100%
    • SE keygen status: false
    • Detect chip variant (T210B01 check)
    • Check RCM patched status

Step 3: SD Card Mounting

Location: main.c:193

  • Attempt to mount SD card filesystem
  • Error Handling: If mount fails → reboot system (can't show error without display)

Step 4: System Initialization

Location: main.c:198-211

  • Initialize Minerva memory controller (set to 800MHz)
  • Initialize display and framebuffer (720x1280)
  • Initialize graphics console
  • Set display backlight to 100%
  • Overclock BPMP (Boot and Power Management Processor)

Step 5: Installation Detection

Location: main.c:216, version.c:127

  • Check for sd:/config/omninx/manifest.ini file
  • If manifest exists:
    • Parse manifest to extract current_pack value
    • Determine variant: standard, light, or oc
    • Read version information
    • Set is_installed = true
  • Detection Method: Reads INI file with [OmniNX] section containing current_pack key

Step 6: Pack Variant Detection

Location: main.c:219, version.c:146

  • Check for staging directories (in order of priority):
    1. sd:/OmniNX Standard/
    2. sd:/OmniNX Light/
    3. sd:/OmniNX OC/
  • Error Handling: If none found → display error message and wait for button input

Step 7: Installation Mode Determination

Location: main.c:287

  • If is_installed == true → INSTALL_MODE_UPDATE
  • If is_installed == false → INSTALL_MODE_CLEAN

Phase 2: User Confirmation

Step 8: Information Display

Location: main.c:289-298

  • Display installation mode: "Update" or "Saubere Installation" (Clean Install)
  • Display pack variant to install: "Standard", "Light", or "OC"
  • Display current installation variant (if any) or "Keine" (None)

Step 9: User Input Wait

Location: main.c:314-338

  • Wait for user confirmation via:
    • A button on right Joy-Con, OR
    • Power button
  • Blocks until button is pressed (checks every 50ms)

Phase 3: Update Mode Execution

Trigger: INSTALL_MODE_UPDATE (OmniNX already installed)

Step 1: Cleanup (Selective Deletion)

Location: install.c:321-380

10. Clean Atmosphere Subdirectories

Location: install.c:325-327, deletion_lists.h:9-34 Deletes 34 specific subdirectories:

  • atmosphere/config/
  • atmosphere/crash_reports/
  • atmosphere/exefs_patches/* (various patch directories)
  • atmosphere/kip1/, atmosphere/kips/
  • atmosphere/logs/
  • And more...

11. Clean Atmosphere Root Directories (Title IDs)

Location: install.c:330-331, deletion_lists.h:38-72 Deletes 29 title ID directories:

  • atmosphere/0000000000534C56/
  • atmosphere/0100000000000008/
  • atmosphere/010000000000000D/
  • And 26 more title ID folders...

12. Clean Atmosphere Contents Directories

Location: install.c:333-334, deletion_lists.h:75-110 Deletes 29 corresponding atmosphere/contents/ title ID directories

13. Clean Atmosphere Files

Location: install.c:336-337, deletion_lists.h:113-122 Deletes 7 specific files:

  • atmosphere/config/exosphere.ini
  • atmosphere/config/override_config.ini
  • atmosphere/config/stratosphere.ini
  • atmosphere/hbl.nsp
  • atmosphere/package3
  • atmosphere/reboot_payload.bin
  • atmosphere/stratosphere.romfs

14. Clean Bootloader Directories

Location: install.c:340-343, deletion_lists.h:125-134 Deletes 7 bootloader subdirectories:

  • bootloader/boot/
  • bootloader/bootlogo/
  • bootloader/ini2/
  • bootloader/payloads/
  • bootloader/reboot/
  • bootloader/res/
  • bootloader/sys/

15. Clean Bootloader Files

Location: install.c:345-346, deletion_lists.h:137-146 Deletes 7 specific files:

  • bootloader/ArgonNX.bin
  • bootloader/bootlogo.bmp
  • bootloader/hekate_ipl.ini
  • bootloader/nyx.ini
  • bootloader/patches.ini
  • bootloader/update.bin
  • bootloader/ini/EmuMMC ohne Mods.ini

16. Clean Config Directories

Location: install.c:349-352, deletion_lists.h:149-160 Deletes 8 config subdirectories:

  • config/aio-switch-updater/
  • config/blue_pack_updater/
  • config/kefir-updater/
  • config/nx-hbmenu/
  • config/quickntp/
  • config/sys-con/
  • config/sys-patch/
  • config/uberhand/, config/ultrahand/

17. Clean Switch Directories

Location: install.c:355-358, deletion_lists.h:163-226 Deletes 55+ switch application directories:

  • switch/.overlays/, switch/.packages/
  • switch/aio-switch-updater/
  • switch/DBI_810/, switch/DBI_810_DE/, switch/DBI_810_EN/
  • switch/tinfoil/
  • switch/EdiZon/, switch/JKSV/, switch/checkpoint/
  • And 40+ more application directories...

18. Clean Switch Files

Location: install.c:360-361, deletion_lists.h:229-278 Deletes 47+ NRO files and other files:

  • switch/tinfoil.nro
  • switch/DBI.nro
  • switch/DBI/DBI_810_*.nro (various versions)
  • switch/daybreak.nro
  • And 40+ more files...

19. Clean Root Files

Location: install.c:364-367, deletion_lists.h:281-295 Deletes 12 root-level CFW files:

  • boot.dat, boot.ini
  • exosphere.bin, exosphere.ini
  • hbmenu.nro
  • loader.bin, payload.bin
  • update.bin, version
  • And more...

20. Clean Miscellaneous Directories

Location: install.c:369-370, deletion_lists.h:298-309 Deletes 9 miscellaneous directories:

  • argon/, games/, NSPs (Tools)/
  • Patched Apps/, SaltySD/
  • scripts/, tools/
  • warmboot_mariko/
  • switch/tinfoil/db/

21. Clean Miscellaneous Files

Location: install.c:372-373, deletion_lists.h:312-322 Deletes 8 miscellaneous files:

  • fusee-primary.bin, fusee.bin
  • SaltySD/*.elf (various bootstrap files)

22. Cleanup Old Version Markers

Location: install.c:308-318, deletion_lists.h:325-335 Deletes legacy version marker files:

  • 1.0.0l, 1.0.0s, 1.0.0oc
  • 1.4.0-pre, 1.4.0-pre-c, 1.4.0-pre-d
  • 1.4.1, 1.5.0

Note: Each deletion operation checks if path exists before attempting deletion.

Step 2: File Installation

Location: install.c:383-526

23. Copy Atmosphere Directory

Location: install.c:400-402

  • Source: {staging}/atmosphere/ (e.g., sd:/OmniNX Standard/atmosphere/)
  • Destination: sd:/atmosphere/
  • Progress: Recursively counts all files/directories, displays percentage
  • Tracking: Updates progress every 10 items or when percentage changes

24. Copy Bootloader Directory

Location: install.c:404-406

  • Source: {staging}/bootloader/
  • Destination: sd:/bootloader/
  • Same progress tracking as above

25. Copy Config Directory

Location: install.c:408-410

  • Source: {staging}/config/
  • Destination: sd:/config/
  • Same progress tracking

26. Copy Switch Directory

Location: install.c:412-414

  • Source: {staging}/switch/
  • Destination: sd:/switch/
  • Same progress tracking

27. Copy warmboot_mariko Directory

Location: install.c:416-418

  • Source: {staging}/warmboot_mariko/
  • Destination: sd:/warmboot_mariko/
  • Only if directory exists in staging

28. Copy SaltySD Directory (OC Variant Only)

Location: install.c:421-425

  • Source: {staging}/SaltySD/
  • Destination: sd:/SaltySD/
  • Condition: Only copied if variant == VARIANT_OC
  • Note: This is a large directory (~2500 files), so progress tracking is important

29. Copy Root Files

Location: install.c:428-466 Copies individual files from staging root to SD root:

  • boot.dat → sd:/boot.dat
  • boot.ini → sd:/boot.ini
  • exosphere.ini → sd:/exosphere.ini
  • hbmenu.nro → sd:/hbmenu.nro
  • loader.bin → sd:/loader.bin
  • payload.bin → sd:/payload.bin

Each file is only copied if it exists in staging.

30. Create manifest.ini

Location: install.c:468-516 Creates/overwrites sd:/config/omninx/manifest.ini:

Content Structure:

[OmniNX]
current_pack={variant}        # "Standard", "Light", or "OC"
version={VERSION}              # e.g., "1.0.0"
update_channel={0|1|2}        # light=0, oc=1, standard=2
channel_pack={variant}        # Same as current_pack

Directory Creation: Ensures sd:/config/omninx/ exists before creating file.

Step 3: Cleanup Staging Directory

Location: install.c:626-656

31. Remove Staging Directory

Location: install.c:634-652

  • Recursively deletes the entire staging directory:
    • sd:/OmniNX Standard/ OR
    • sd:/OmniNX Light/ OR
    • sd:/OmniNX OC/
  • Error Handling: Warns if deletion fails but continues (non-fatal)

Phase 4: Clean Install Mode Execution

Trigger: INSTALL_MODE_CLEAN (No OmniNX detected)

Step 1: Backup User Data

Location: backup.c:18-52

32. Create Backup Directory

  • Creates sd:/temp_backup/ directory

33. Backup DBI

  • Source: sd:/switch/DBI/
  • Destination: sd:/temp_backup/DBI/
  • Only if source exists

34. Backup Tinfoil

  • Source: sd:/switch/tinfoil/
  • Destination: sd:/temp_backup/tinfoil/
  • Only if source exists

35. Backup prod.keys

  • Source: sd:/switch/prod.keys
  • Destination: sd:/temp_backup/prod.keys
  • Only if source exists

Step 2: Wipe Directories

Location: install.c:543-602

36. Delete Entire Directories

Recursively deletes (if they exist):

  • sd:/atmosphere/ (entire directory tree)
  • sd:/bootloader/ (entire directory tree)
  • sd:/config/ (entire directory tree)
  • sd:/switch/ (entire directory tree)

37. Delete Root Files

  • Uses same deletion list as update mode (Step 19)
  • Deletes boot.dat, boot.ini, exosphere.ini, etc.

38. Delete Miscellaneous Items

  • Uses same deletion lists as update mode (Steps 20-21)
  • Deletes argon/, games/, SaltySD/, etc.

39. Recreate Switch Directory

  • Creates empty sd:/switch/ directory for restoration

Step 3: Restore User Data

Location: backup.c:55-95

40. Restore DBI

  • Source: sd:/temp_backup/DBI/
  • Destination: sd:/switch/DBI/
  • Cleanup: After restoration, deletes old DBI NRO files:
    • sd:/switch/DBI/DBI_810_EN.nro
    • sd:/switch/DBI/DBI_810_DE.nro
    • sd:/switch/DBI/DBI_845_EN.nro
    • sd:/switch/DBI/DBI_845_DE.nro
    • sd:/switch/DBI/DBI.nro

41. Restore Tinfoil

  • Source: sd:/temp_backup/tinfoil/
  • Destination: sd:/switch/tinfoil/
  • Cleanup: After restoration, deletes sd:/switch/tinfoil/tinfoil.nro

42. Restore prod.keys

  • Source: sd:/temp_backup/prod.keys
  • Destination: sd:/switch/prod.keys

43. Cleanup Backup Directory

Location: backup.c:98-103

  • Deletes sd:/temp_backup/ directory after restoration

Step 4: Install Files

Location: install.c:620-623

  • Same as Update Mode Step 2 (Steps 23-30)
  • Copies all directories and files from staging
  • Creates manifest.ini

Step 5: Cleanup Staging

  • Same as Update Mode Step 3 (Step 31)
  • Removes staging directory

Phase 5: Completion & Launch

Step 44: Installation Summary

Location: main.c:363-377

  • Display success message if result == FR_OK && total_errors == 0
  • Display error count if errors occurred
  • Show completion status

Step 45: Payload Launch Wait

Location: main.c:382-454

  • Wait for A button or Power button
  • Check if sd:/bootloader/update.bin exists
  • If payload exists:
    • Launch payload (relocates and executes)
  • If payload doesn't exist:
    • Display error message
    • Wait for button again
    • Reboot system

Technical Details

Progress Tracking

  • File Counting: Recursively counts all files and directories before copy
  • Progress Updates: Updates display every 10 items or when percentage changes
  • Screen Management: Automatically clears and reprints header when approaching bottom of screen

Error Handling

  • Path Existence Checks: Every operation checks if source exists before attempting
  • File System Errors: Logged with descriptive error messages
  • Fallback Methods: Some operations have fallback copy methods if primary fails
  • Non-Fatal Errors: Staging directory cleanup failures are warned but don't abort installation

File Copy Mechanism

  • Buffer Size: 1MB (FS_BUFFER_SIZE = 0x100000)
  • Read/Write Verification: Verifies bytes read/written match expected amounts
  • Attribute Preservation: Copies file attributes (via f_chmod)
  • Recursive Copy: Handles nested directory structures automatically

Memory Management

  • Dynamic Allocation: Uses heap for file buffers and path strings
  • Cleanup: Frees allocated memory after use
  • Stack Pivot: Switches to dedicated stack area for payload execution

Detection Logic

  • Installation Detection: Based on manifest.ini file, not version marker files
  • Variant Detection: Parses current_pack from manifest INI format
  • Pack Detection: Simple directory existence check (in priority order)

Summary

Update Mode Flow

  1. Detect existing installation → Update mode
  2. Selective cleanup (Steps 10-22)
  3. Copy new files (Steps 23-30)
  4. Create manifest (Step 30)
  5. Cleanup staging (Step 31)

Clean Install Mode Flow

  1. No installation detected → Clean install mode
  2. Backup user data (Steps 32-35)
  3. Full wipe (Steps 36-39)
  4. Restore user data (Steps 40-43)
  5. Copy new files (Steps 23-30)
  6. Create manifest (Step 30)
  7. Cleanup staging (Step 31)

Result: In both modes, the SD card ends up with a fresh OmniNX installation while preserving user data and savegames.

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