Results: Implement namespaced, type-safe results.

Because I was working on multiple things at once, this commit also:
- Adds wrappers for/linker flags to wrap CXX exceptions to make them
  abort. This saves ~0x8000 of memory in every system module.
- Broadly replaces lines of the pattern if (cond) { return ResultX; }
  with R_UNLESS(!cond, ResultX());.
- Reworks the R_TRY_CATCH macros (and the result macros in general).

stratosphere/libstratosphere/source/result/result_on_assertion.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2019 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace sts::result {
+
+    extern bool CallFatalOnResultAssertion;
+
+}
+
+namespace sts::result::impl {
+
+    NORETURN WEAK void OnResultAssertion(Result result) {
+        /* Assert that we should call fatal on result assertion. */
+        /* If we shouldn't fatal, this will std::abort(); */
+        /* If we should, we'll continue onwards. */
+        STS_ASSERT((sts::result::CallFatalOnResultAssertion));
+
+        /* TODO: sts::fatal:: */
+        fatalSimple(result.GetValue());
+        while (true) { /* ... */ }
+    }
+
+}